Aṅguttara Nikāya · Discourse 10.81

With Bāhuna

Vāhanasutta — Theravagga — the ninth chapter of the Tens

Setting
Near Campā, on the banks of the Gaggarā Lotus Pond
Speakers
Venerable Bāhuna questioning the Buddha
Form
A single question, a ten-item list, and a closing simile
Length
~1 minute to read
Chapter's namesake
This discourse opens the new chapter, Theravagga, the Chapter on Senior Mendicants, whose discourses are largely spoken by or concern the Buddha's most senior disciples
Difficulty
★★☆☆☆ — brief, built around a vivid, memorable image

Why this discourse

Set beside a lotus pond, of all places, Venerable Bāhuna asks the Buddha how many things he has escaped from to live detached and free — and receives an answer illustrated by the very flower blooming beside them.

Reading guide

The teaching in one sentence

The Realized One has escaped from ten things — form, feeling, perception, choices, consciousness, rebirth, old age, death, suffering, and defilements — and lives detached and free the way a lotus rises above the water it grew in, untouched by it.

A setting that becomes the simile

This discourse's setting — the banks of the Gaggarā Lotus Pond — is not incidental scenery: the closing simile draws directly on the blue water lilies and lotuses actually growing in the pond beside the conversation, rising up through the water to stand clear of it, a rare case in this project of the physical location itself supplying the teaching's central image.

A list spanning the five aggregates and beyond

The ten things escaped from are not a random assortment: the first five are exactly the five aggregates (form, feeling, perception, choices, consciousness) that constitute clung-to existence, followed by five further items — rebirth, old age, death, suffering, and defilements — that name the consequences of remaining bound to those aggregates.

Detachment without withdrawal from the world

The lotus simile makes a precise point often lost in looser talk about detachment: the lotus is not detached by growing somewhere else, away from the water — it grows in the water, is nourished by the water, and only then rises above it untouched, exactly paralleling a life still lived among the five aggregates but no longer clung to.

Key terms

nissaṭo, visaṁyutto, vippamutto — “escaped, detached, liberated” — the three-part description of freedom Bāhuna asks the cause of.
vimariyādīkatena cetasā — “with mind free of boundaries” — the final phrase in Bāhuna's question, describing an unconfined mind.
rūpa, vedanā, saññā, saṅkhārā, viññāṇa — form, feeling, perception, choices, and consciousness — the five aggregates, forming the first half of this discourse's ten-item list.
uppalaṁ, padumaṁ, puṇḍarīkaṁ — “a blue water lily, a pink lotus, a white lotus” — the three flowers named in the closing simile, drawn from the pond beside which this discourse was spoken.
udakā paccuggamma ṭhitaṁ anupalittaṁ udakena — “rise up above the water and stand with no water clinging to it” — the simile's own central image of detachment achieved from within, not by withdrawal.

The text

The discourse in full: Bāhuna's question, the ten-item answer, and the lotus simile. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

Bāhuna's question

§1At one time the Buddha was staying near Campā on the banks of the Gaggarā Lotus Pond. Then Venerable Bāhuna went up to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and said to him: “Sir, how many things has the Realized One escaped from, so that he lives detached, liberated, with mind free of boundaries?”

Ten things escaped, and the lotus simile

§2“Bāhuna, the Realized One has escaped from ten things, so that he lives detached, liberated, with mind free of boundaries. What ten? Form … feeling … perception … choices … consciousness … rebirth … old age … death … suffering … defilements … Suppose there was a blue water lily, or a pink or white lotus. Though it sprouted and grew in the water, it would rise up above the water and stand with no water clinging to it. In the same way, the Realized One has escaped from ten things, so that he lives detached, liberated, with mind free of boundaries.”

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Self-check quiz

5 questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 5
What does Venerable Bāhuna ask the Buddha?
Correct: B. A direct question about the basis of the Buddha's own freedom.
Question 2 of 5
What are the first five of the ten things named?
Correct: B. The constituents of clung-to existence, escaped from rather than merely restrained.
Question 3 of 5
What simile illustrates this escape?
Correct: B. An image drawn directly from the pond beside which this discourse was spoken.
Question 4 of 5
According to the guide, what precise point does the lotus simile make about detachment?
Correct: B. A life still lived among the aggregates but no longer clung to.
Question 5 of 5
Where is this discourse set?
Correct: B. A setting that directly supplies the discourse's closing image.
Answered 0 of 5 · Correct 0