Aṅguttara Nikāya · Discourse 5.90

A Trainee (2nd)

Dutiyasekhasutta — Theravagga — the ninth chapter of the Fives

Setting
None stated; the discourse continues from AN 5.1, whose setting at Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove is understood to hold
Speakers
The Buddha alone, addressing the mendicants
Form
two paired five-item lists, each factor closing with a repeated retreat-and-serenity refrain, closing the chapter's own colophon
Length
~3 minutes to read
Northern parallel
not identified in this collection
Difficulty
★☆☆☆☆ — familiar structure, closing the chapter

Why this discourse

AN 5.89's short pair, expanded: the same ‘decline of a trainee’ framing, now given five fully spelled-out factors, each closing with the identical ‘neglect retreat, not committed to serenity’ refrain last used at AN 5.73–74 in a different context. This discourse closes the chapter.

Reading guide

AN 5.89's short pair, expanded

This discourse keeps the same ‘decline of a trainee’ framing as AN 5.89, now giving each of five factors its own full statement, closing with the identical refrain seen before at AN 5.73–74: neglecting retreat, and not being committed to internal serenity of heart.

Overloaded with duties, and trivial work

The first factor names a trainee with many responsibilities and competence in many tasks — itself, ironically, a decline factor when it crowds out retreat. The second names wasting the day on minor, trivial work.

Inappropriate mixing, and wrong-time almsround

The third factor names mixing closely with laypeople and renunciates, ‘socializing like a layperson’ — echoing AN 5.80's concern about improper closeness, now applied to a trainee's general social conduct rather than one specific relationship. The fourth names entering the village at the wrong time and returning too late.

Missing out on self-effacement talk

The fifth factor names a trainee who doesn't get to take part, freely and easily, in talk on self-effacement (ābhisallekhikā kathā) — a named cluster of ten topics: fewness of wishes, contentment, seclusion, aloofness, arousing energy, ethics, immersion, wisdom, freedom, and the knowledge and vision of freedom. Simply lacking access to this kind of talk, when wanted, is itself named as a cause of decline.

The mirrored positive

As throughout this chapter, the non-decline list negates all five factors exactly, each retaining the same retreat-and-serenity refrain in its positive form.

The chapter's close

The colophon ‘Dasamaṁ. Theravaggo catuttho’ — the tenth discourse, the fourth Theravagga by the traditional count across the whole collection — follows the same mechanism explained in full at AN 5.10, and is not repeated here. The chapter's mnemonic verse follows, left, as elsewhere in this collection, untranslated in the source.

Key terms

paṭisallāna / ajjhattaṁ cetosamatha — retreat / internal serenity of heart — the refrain repeated after each of the five factors, as at AN 5.73–74.
ābhisallekhikā kathā — talk on self-effacement — the topic-cluster named in the fifth factor.
appicchakathā — talk on fewness of wishes — the first of the ten named topics.
vimuttiñāṇadassanakathā — talk on the knowledge and vision of freedom — the last of the ten.
Theravaggo catuttho — “the fourth Theravagga” — this chapter's closing colophon.

The text

The discourse in full: five fully spelled-out decline factors, then their absence. The chapter's closing colophon and Pāli mnemonic verse are part of the source but are not translated text, and are described rather than reproduced here. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

Five things that lead to decline

§1“These five things lead to the decline of a mendicant trainee. What five? Firstly, a mendicant trainee has many duties and responsibilities, and is competent in many tasks. They neglect retreat, and are not committed to internal serenity of heart. This is the first thing that leads to the decline of a mendicant trainee.

§2Furthermore, a mendicant trainee spends too much time doing trivial work. They neglect retreat, and are not committed to internal serenity of heart. This is the second thing that leads to the decline of a mendicant trainee.

§3Furthermore, a mendicant trainee mixes closely with laypeople and renunciates, socializing inappropriately like a layperson. They neglect retreat, and are not committed to internal serenity of heart. This is the third thing that leads to the decline of a mendicant trainee.

§4Furthermore, a mendicant trainee enters the town at the wrong time, and returns too late in the day. They neglect retreat, and are not committed to internal serenity of heart. This is the fourth thing that leads to the decline of a mendicant trainee.

§5Furthermore, a mendicant trainee doesn’t get to take part in talk about self-effacement that helps open the heart, when they want, without trouble or difficulty. That is, talk about fewness of wishes, contentment, seclusion, aloofness, arousing energy, ethics, immersion, wisdom, freedom, and the knowledge and vision of freedom. They neglect retreat, and are not committed to internal serenity of heart. This is the fifth thing that leads to the decline of a mendicant trainee. These five things lead to the decline of a mendicant trainee.

Five things that do not

§6These five things don’t lead to the decline of a mendicant trainee. What five? Firstly, a mendicant trainee doesn’t have many duties and responsibilities, even though they are competent in many tasks. They don’t neglect retreat, and are committed to internal serenity of heart. This is the first thing that doesn’t lead to the decline of a mendicant trainee.

§7Furthermore, a mendicant trainee doesn’t waste their day doing trivial work. They don’t neglect retreat, and are committed to internal serenity of heart. This is the second thing that doesn’t lead to the decline of a mendicant trainee.

§8Furthermore, a mendicant trainee doesn’t mix closely with laypeople and renunciates, socializing inappropriately like a layperson. They don’t neglect retreat, and are committed to internal serenity of heart. This is the third thing that doesn’t lead to the decline of a mendicant trainee.

§9Furthermore, a mendicant trainee doesn’t enter the village too early or return too late in the day. They don’t neglect retreat, and are committed to internal serenity of heart. This is the fourth thing that doesn’t lead to the decline of a mendicant trainee.

§10Furthermore, a mendicant trainee gets to take part in talk about self-effacement that helps open the heart, when they want, without trouble or difficulty. That is, talk about fewness of wishes, contentment, seclusion, aloofness, arousing energy, ethics, immersion, wisdom, freedom, and the knowledge and vision of freedom. They don’t neglect retreat, and are committed to internal serenity of heart. This is the fifth thing that doesn’t lead to the decline of a mendicant trainee. These five things don’t lead to the decline of a mendicant trainee.”

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Self-check quiz

Ten questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 10
What refrain closes each of this discourse's five decline factors, matching AN 5.73–74?
Correct: B. The same refrain last used in a different context at AN 5.73–74.
Question 2 of 10
What is the first decline factor?
Correct: A. Being overloaded with duties, ironically crowding out retreat.
Question 3 of 10
What is the second decline factor?
Correct: A. Minor tasks displacing serious practice.
Question 4 of 10
What is the third decline factor, echoing a concern from AN 5.80?
Correct: A. Echoing AN 5.80's concern about improper closeness, now applied more broadly.
Question 5 of 10
What is the fourth decline factor?
Correct: A. Poor timing of the almsround.
Question 6 of 10
What is the fifth decline factor?
Correct: A. Missing out on a named cluster of ten topics.
Question 7 of 10
How many topics are named under 'talk on self-effacement'?
Correct: B. Fewness of wishes, contentment, seclusion, aloofness, energy, ethics, immersion, wisdom, freedom, and knowledge-and-vision of freedom.
Question 8 of 10
Name two of the ten topics in that list.
Correct: A. Two of the ten named topics.
Question 9 of 10
What colophon closes this chapter?
Correct: B. The tenth discourse, the fourth Theravagga.
Question 10 of 10
What earlier discourse first explained this project's convention for chapter-closing colophons and mnemonic verses?
Correct: B. Cited here rather than re-explained, per this project's running convention.
Answered 0 of 10 · Correct 0