Aṅguttara Nikāya · Discourse 6.12

Warm-hearted (2nd)

Dutiyasāraṇīyasutta — Sāraṇīyavagga — the second chapter of the Sixes

Setting
None stated in the source
Speakers
The Buddha alone, addressing the mendicants
Form
The same six-item list as AN 6.11, each item now closed with an explicit statement of its social effect
Length
~1 minute to read
Northern parallel
As with AN 6.11, this list recurs at MN 48 and elsewhere across the Chinese Āgamas; this reading guide does not assert a specific matching sutra number
Difficulty
★☆☆☆☆ — a direct expansion of the previous discourse

Why this discourse

AN 6.11 named six warm-hearted qualities and stopped. AN 6.12 states the identical six — the wording of each item is unchanged — but now closes each with a named consequence: the quality “makes for fondness and respect, conducing to inclusion, harmony, and unity, without dispute.” Nothing new is added to what the six qualities are; what changes is an explicit statement of what they are said to be for.

Reading guide

The teaching in one sentence

The same six warm-hearted qualities named at AN 6.11 — kindness in body, speech, and mind; sharing material goods; shared ethics; shared view — each “make for fondness and respect, conducing to inclusion, harmony, and unity, without dispute.”

What the closing formula adds

AN 6.11 left the payoff of these six qualities implicit, trusting the reader to infer that kindness and sharing build community. AN 6.12 states it outright, in a five-part formula — fondness, respect, inclusion, harmony, unity — that recurs elsewhere in the canon (notably at MN 48, the Kosambī discourse on communal harmony) as a fixed description of what holds a monastic community together without internal conflict.

Naming outcomes changes the emphasis, not the content

It would be a misreading to treat AN 6.12 as a separate teaching from AN 6.11. Every one of the six qualities and its wording matches exactly; only the closing clause is added. The pairing works like AN 6.3 and 6.4's faculties-and-powers pair: one discourse states the material, the next restates it under a slightly different framing, without claiming to add new content.

Harmony as a stated goal, not an accident

By naming “without dispute” as a direct consequence of these six qualities, the discourse implies the reverse as well, though it does not say so directly: a community lacking these qualities is at risk of the fondness, inclusion, and harmony they produce breaking down. The text stops short of drawing that inference explicitly, and this guide does not extend it further than the text itself warrants.

Closing the chapter's opening pair

With AN 6.11 and 6.12 complete, the chapter turns from communal virtues to a different subject entirely: the six nissāraṇīyā dhātuyo, elements of escape, at AN 6.13 — a return to the solitary meditative register of chapter 1, now naming what liberates a mind from six specific afflictions.

Key terms

pemanīya — “conducive to fondness” — the first outcome named for each of the six qualities.
garuka — “conducive to respect” — the second outcome, paired with fondness throughout the formula.
saṅgahāya — “for inclusion,” “for being drawn together” — the third outcome named.
sāmaggiyā — “for unity,” “for concord” — the fifth outcome, closing the formula alongside freedom from dispute.
sāraṇīya — “warm-hearted” — unchanged from AN 6.11, still naming each of the six qualities themselves.

The text

The discourse in full: the six warm-hearted qualities, now with their social effect stated explicitly. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

The six warm-hearted qualities, and their effect

§1“Mendicants, these six warm-hearted qualities make for fondness and respect, conducing to inclusion, harmony, and unity, without dispute. What six? Firstly, a mendicant consistently treats their spiritual companions with bodily kindness, both in public and in private. This warm-hearted quality makes for fondness and respect, conducing to inclusion, harmony, and unity, without dispute. Furthermore, a mendicant consistently treats their spiritual companions with verbal kindness … Furthermore, a mendicant consistently treats their spiritual companions with mental kindness … Furthermore, a mendicant shares without reservation any material things they have gained by legitimate means, even the food placed in the alms-bowl, using them in common with their ethical spiritual companions. This too is a warm-hearted quality. Furthermore, a mendicant lives according to the precepts shared with their spiritual companions, both in public and in private. Those precepts are intact, impeccable, spotless, and unmarred, liberating, praised by sensible people, not mistaken, and leading to immersion. This too is a warm-hearted quality. Furthermore, a mendicant lives according to the view shared with their spiritual companions, both in public and in private. That view is noble and emancipating, and delivers one who practices it to the complete ending of suffering. This warm-hearted quality makes for fondness and respect, conducing to inclusion, harmony, and unity, without dispute. These six warm-hearted qualities make for fondness and respect, conducing to inclusion, harmony, and unity, without quarreling.”

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Self-check quiz

Ten questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 10
What does AN 6.12 add to AN 6.11's list of six qualities?
Correct: B. The six qualities themselves are worded identically to AN 6.11.
Question 2 of 10
Where else does this same five-part outcome formula recur in the canon, according to the guide?
Correct: B. A fixed description recurring elsewhere for what holds a community together.
Question 3 of 10
How does the guide characterize the relationship between AN 6.11 and AN 6.12?
Correct: B. A restatement under a different framing, not a separate teaching.
Question 4 of 10
What inference does the guide explicitly decline to draw from the 'without dispute' outcome?
Correct: B. The guide is careful not to extend the text's claims further than stated.
Question 5 of 10
What comes next in the chapter, after this opening pair on communal virtues?
Correct: B. A shift from communal life to what liberates the mind from specific afflictions.
Question 6 of 10
What does sāmaggiyā mean?
Correct: C. The fifth outcome named in the closing formula, paired with freedom from dispute.
Question 7 of 10
Is a setting stated for AN 6.12?
Correct: B. Matching AN 6.11, no scene-setting clause is given.
Question 8 of 10
What does pemanīya mean?
Correct: B. The first of the five named outcomes.
Question 9 of 10
Do the wordings of the six qualities themselves differ between AN 6.11 and AN 6.12?
Correct: B. A direct restatement, not a revision.
Question 10 of 10
What broader pattern does this pairing exemplify, according to the guide?
Correct: B. A recurring compositional device in this collection.
Answered 0 of 10 · Correct 0