Aṅguttara Nikāya · Discourse 6.23

Dangers

Bhayasutta — Anuttariyavagga — the third chapter of the Sixes

Setting
None stated in the source
Speakers
The Buddha alone, addressing the mendicants
Form
Six terms named in a row, a single explanation applied to all six, and a closing pair of verses
Length
~2 minutes to read
Northern parallel
Synonym-lists for the danger of sensual pleasure recur across the Chinese Āgamas; this reading guide does not assert a specific matching sutra number
Difficulty
★★☆☆☆ — short, but each of the six terms is doing real argumentative work, not simply piling up synonyms

Why this discourse

AN 6.23 is unusual among this chapter's six-item lists: rather than naming six qualities, practices, or occasions, it names six words — danger, suffering, disease, boil, chain, and bog — and argues that all six are legitimate terms for one thing, sensual pleasures. A single explanation, repeated for all six, does the argumentative work: someone caught by sensual greed is not freed from any of these six conditions, in this life or lives to come, and so all six names genuinely apply.

Reading guide

The teaching in one sentence

Danger, suffering, disease, boil, chain (or snare), and bog are all terms for sensual pleasures, because someone besotted by sensual greed and shackled by lustful desire is not freed from any of these six conditions, in this life or lives to come.

Six words, one argument

The discourse does not explain each term separately with its own distinct rationale. It states all six terms, then gives a single explanation that covers all six at once: entanglement in sensual desire keeps a person unfree from danger, unfree from suffering, unfree from disease, and so on through the whole list. The six words function less as six separate insights than as six angles on one claim, repeated with variation for emphasis.

Words chosen for their ordinary force

None of the six terms is a specialized doctrinal term coined for this discourse; each is a plain word for something anyone would want to avoid — a boil, a chain, a bog to be mired in. The argument's persuasive weight rests on this ordinariness: rather than asserting sensual pleasure is bad by definition, the discourse claims it deserves the same visceral aversion a listener already feels toward disease or a suppurating wound.

A change of state, not a permanent verdict

The closing verses describe not a condemnation without exit but a contrast between two conditions: “ordinary people” remain attached to what these six words describe, while “the unattached,” seeing the danger in grasping, are freed with the ending of birth and death. The six terms describe a condition that can be left, not an unalterable feature of sensual experience itself.

A different kind of six-item list

Compared to the qualities, practices, and occasions named elsewhere in this chapter, AN 6.23's list is unusual in being a list of words rather than a list of things to do or cultivate. Its place among the Sixes depends only on there being six terms offered, not on any six-fold structure in the underlying teaching about sensual pleasure itself.

Key terms

kāma — “sensual pleasure,” “sensuality” — what all six terms in this discourse are said to name.
bhaya — “danger,” “fear” — the first of the six terms, and the discourse's own title.
gaṇḍa — “boil” — the fourth term, chosen for the visceral aversion a boil ordinarily provokes.
paṅka — “bog,” “mire” — the sixth and final term, an image of being stuck and slowly sinking.
anupāya — not itself a term from this discourse, but the state described in its closing verses as reached by “the unattached,” freed from grasping and its consequences.

The text

The discourse in full: the six terms, the shared explanation, and the closing verses. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

Six terms for sensual pleasures

§1“‘Danger’, mendicants, is a term for sensual pleasures. ‘Suffering’, ‘disease’, ‘boil’, ‘chain’, and ‘bog’ are terms for sensual pleasures.

Why these terms apply

§2And why is ‘danger’ a term for sensual pleasures? Someone who is besotted by sensual greed and shackled by lustful desire is not freed from dangers in this life or in lives to come. That is why ‘danger’ is a term for sensual pleasures. And why are ‘suffering’, ‘disease’, ‘boil’, ‘snare’, and ‘bog’ terms for sensual pleasures? Someone who is besotted by sensual greed and shackled by lustful desire is not freed from suffering, disease, boils, chains, or bogs in this life or in lives to come. That is why these are terms for sensual pleasures.

The closing verses

§3Danger, suffering, disease, boils, and chains and bogs both. These describe the sensual pleasures to which ordinary people are attached. Seeing the danger in grasping, the origin of birth and death, the unattached are freed with the ending of birth and death. Happy, they’ve come to a safe place, quenched in this very life. They’ve gone beyond all threats and dangers, and risen above all suffering.”

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Self-check quiz

Ten questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 10
What six terms does AN 6.23 give as synonyms for sensual pleasures?
Correct: A. Bhaya, dukkha, roga, gaṇḍa, and so on.
Question 2 of 10
What single explanation does the discourse give for all six terms applying?
Correct: B. The six words function as six angles on one claim, not six separate insights.
Question 3 of 10
According to the guide, why were these six particular words chosen?
Correct: B. The argument's force rests on the words' ordinariness, not technical precision.
Question 4 of 10
What do the closing verses describe, according to the guide?
Correct: B. The six terms describe a condition that can be left, not a fixed verdict.
Question 5 of 10
How does the guide characterize this list compared to others in the chapter?
Correct: B. A different kind of six-fold structure from the rest of the chapter.
Question 6 of 10
What does gaṇḍa mean?
Correct: B. The fourth of the six terms, chosen for its visceral force.
Question 7 of 10
What does paṅka mean?
Correct: C. The sixth and final term, an image of being stuck and sinking.
Question 8 of 10
Is a setting stated for AN 6.23?
Correct: B. A bare formula continuing this chapter's pattern.
Question 9 of 10
What is kāma?
Correct: B. The single subject all six words are claimed to genuinely describe.
Question 10 of 10
What does the guide say about who is 'freed' according to the closing verses?
Correct: B. A stated path out of the condition the six terms describe, not a closed verdict.
Answered 0 of 10 · Correct 0