Aṅguttara Nikāya · Discourse 6.5

The Thoroughbred (1st)

Paṭhamaājānīyasutta — Āhuneyyavagga — the first chapter of the Sixes

Setting
None stated; the discourse continues from AN 6.1, whose setting at Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove is understood to hold
Speakers
The Buddha alone, addressing the mendicants
Form
A two-part simile: a fine royal thoroughbred's six qualities, then the parallel mendicant's six
Length
~1 minute to read
Northern parallel
Horse-similes for spiritual endurance recur elsewhere in the canon and its Northern counterparts; this reading guide does not assert a specific matching sutra number
Difficulty
★☆☆☆☆ — a short, vivid simile, the first of a three-part set

Why this discourse

After four discourses built on lists and closing formulas, AN 6.5 turns to a simile: a royal thoroughbred horse, prized for enduring sights, sounds, smells, tastes, and touches without breaking stride, and prized further for one additional quality that, this discourse says, completes what makes it fit to serve a king. A mendicant is compared directly: enduring the six sense objects, including thoughts, without being shaken. This is the first of three near-identical discourses, each naming a different sixth quality for the horse to be excellent.

Reading guide

The teaching in one sentence

As a fine royal thoroughbred is valued for enduring sights, sounds, smells, tastes, and touches, and for being beautiful, so a mendicant worthy of offerings endures sights, sounds, smells, tastes, touches, and thoughts without being shaken.

A simile built in two matching halves

The discourse states the horse’s six qualities first, then restates the mendicant’s six qualities in matching order — but not in a perfectly parallel count. The horse’s six are five kinds of endurance plus beauty; the mendicant’s six are endurance across all six sense doors, sight through mind, with no separate sixth quality named beside endurance itself. The simile compares structure, not a term-for-term match.

Why a horse, and why beauty

The thoroughbred simile draws on a stock image found across the canon for a being of exceptional quality: swift, strong, well-formed, and steady under provocation. This first version singles out beauty (vaṇṇasampanna) as what elevates mere endurance into something “fit to serve a king.” The two discourses that follow keep the same structure and swap in strength, then speed, as that distinguishing sixth quality — suggesting the simile is less about horses in particular than about naming, one at a time, the further qualities that make sheer endurance count for something.

A note on what 'beauty' likely signals here

Applied to a mendicant, the parallel to the horse’s beauty is left unstated — the mendicant side of the simile lists only the six-fold endurance across the senses, without an explicit sixth “beauty” quality of its own. A reader should not force an exact match where the text does not supply one; the simile’s force lies in the shared image of endurance under trial, not in a one-to-one correspondence of every term.

Part of a set of three

AN 6.5, 6.6, and 6.7 share an identical opening and an identical mendicant-side conclusion, differing only in the horse’s named sixth quality: beauty here, strength at AN 6.6, speed at AN 6.7. Read as a set, they suggest three distinct ways a fine horse — and by extension a fine mendicant — might be praised beyond bare endurance alone.

Key terms

assājānīya — “thoroughbred horse” — literally a horse “of good breed,” the discourse’s central image.
khama — “able to endure” — the quality both horse and mendicant share, applied to sights, sounds, smells, tastes, touches, and (for the mendicant) thoughts.
vaṇṇasampanna — “endowed with beauty” — the horse’s distinguishing sixth quality in this first version of the simile.
rājāraha — “worthy of a king,” “fit to serve a king” — the horse's praise, paralleling the mendicant's worthiness of offerings.
rañño aṅga — “a factor of kingship” — what a horse with these six qualities is reckoned to be, one of the resources befitting a king's household.

The text

The discourse in full: the thoroughbred's six qualities, and the parallel mendicant. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

The thoroughbred horse

§1“Mendicants, a fine royal thoroughbred with six factors is worthy of a king, fit to serve a king, and is reckoned a factor of kingship. What six? It’s when a fine royal thoroughbred can endure sights, sounds, smells, tastes, and touches. And it’s beautiful. A fine royal thoroughbred with these six factors is worthy of a king, fit to serve a king, and is reckoned a factor of kingship.

The parallel: a mendicant

§2In the same way, a mendicant with six qualities is worthy of offerings dedicated to the gods, worthy of hospitality, worthy of a religious donation, worthy of veneration with cupped palms, and is the supreme field of merit for the world. What six? It’s when a mendicant can endure sights, sounds, smells, tastes, touches, and ideas. A mendicant with these six qualities is worthy of offerings dedicated to the gods, worthy of hospitality, worthy of a religious donation, worthy of veneration with cupped palms, and is the supreme field of merit for the world.”

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Self-check quiz

Ten questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 10
What six qualities does AN 6.5 give the fine royal thoroughbred?
Correct: B. Five kinds of endurance plus vaṇṇasampanna, beauty.
Question 2 of 10
What are the mendicant's six matching qualities?
Correct: B. The mendicant side lists endurance across all six sense doors, sight through mind, without an explicit added 'beauty' term.
Question 3 of 10
What is the discourse's own point about matching horse and mendicant term for term?
Correct: B. The guide notes the mendicant side supplies no explicit parallel to 'beauty.'
Question 4 of 10
What distinguishes AN 6.5, 6.6, and 6.7 from one another?
Correct: B. An identical structure with one term swapped each time.
Question 5 of 10
What does khama mean in this discourse?
Correct: B. The shared quality of enduring sense contact without breaking.
Question 6 of 10
What does rañño aṅga mean?
Correct: B. What a horse with all six qualities is reckoned to be.
Question 7 of 10
How many sense doors does the mendicant's endurance cover, compared to the horse's?
Correct: B. The horse endures five sensory domains; the mendicant additionally endures mental phenomena.
Question 8 of 10
What image does this simile draw on?
Correct: B. The thoroughbred horse, a common figure for excellence under trial.
Question 9 of 10
Is AN 6.5 set at a newly stated location?
Correct: B. The bare continuation pattern holds through AN 6.9.
Question 10 of 10
What quality does the horse's sixth term name in this first version of the simile?
Correct: C. Vaṇṇasampanna — AN 6.6 will name strength, AN 6.7 speed.
Answered 0 of 10 · Correct 0