Aṅguttara Nikāya · Discourse 6.69

A God

Devatāsutta — Devatāvagga — the seventh chapter of the Sixes, continuing the Second Fifty

Setting
Jeta's Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika's monastery — implied by the deity “lighting up the entire Jeta's Grove,” without a separate opening formula naming Sāvatthī directly
Speakers
An unnamed glorious deity, then the Buddha retelling its visit to the mendicants, then Venerable Sāriputta explaining its brief statement in detail, confirmed by the Buddha
Form
A nighttime visitation, the Buddha's next-morning retelling, and a brief-statement/detailed-explanation exchange with Sāriputta
Length
~3 minutes to read
Northern parallel
Nighttime deity visitations delivering brief verses or lists to the Buddha recur widely across the Saṁyutta and its Chinese Āgama parallels; this reading guide does not assert a specific matching sutra number
Difficulty
★★★☆☆ — the chapter's longest and most structurally layered discourse, repeating its six-item core formula four times across three narrators

Why this discourse

This is the discourse the chapter is actually named for: a glorious deity visits the Buddha by night and names six things that prevent a mendicant's decline — respect for the Teacher, the teaching, the Saṅgha, and the training, being easy to admonish, and good friendship. The Buddha retells the visit to the mendicants the next morning, and Sāriputta then supplies the detailed meaning of what the deity stated in brief, confirmed word for word by the Buddha himself.

Reading guide

The teaching in one sentence

Respect for the Teacher, the teaching, the Saṅgha, and the training, being easy to admonish, and good friendship together prevent a mendicant's decline, and each is fulfilled not merely by holding it privately but by practicing it, encouraging others toward it, and praising others who already have it.

Another variant of a formula this series has now met several times

A near-identical six-item respect formula — for the Teacher, the teaching, the Saṅgha, and the training, plus two further items — was already met three times earlier in this chapter's First Fifty, at AN 6.32, 6.33, and 6.40, with a different fifth-and-sixth pair each time (diligence and hospitality; conscience and prudence; diligence and hospitality again, applied to all four assemblies). Checked in Pāli, this discourse's own fifth and sixth items are sovacassatā (being easy to admonish) and kalyāṇamittatā (good friendship) — a fourth distinct pairing, not a repeat of any of the three before it.

A brief statement, given three full retellings

The deity states its six items once to the Buddha; the Buddha restates them verbatim to the mendicants the next morning; and the discourse's core formula for how each item is fulfilled — personally holding it, encouraging others toward it, and praising others who have it — is then given twice more, once by Sāriputta and once again by the Buddha confirming it word for word. Four full statements of essentially the same six-item content sit inside one discourse.

Three parts to fulfilling each item

Sāriputta's explanation gives each of the six items the identical treatment: a mendicant personally holds it, praises holding it, encourages other mendicants who lack it to take it up, and praises those who already have it “at the right time, truthfully and correctly.” Respect, on this reading, is not simply a private disposition but something actively modeled, taught, and publicly recognized in others.

The Buddha's confirmation, not correction

When the Buddha responds to Sāriputta's explanation, he does not add, subtract, or revise a single item — he repeats it in full and calls it “good, good.” The discourse ends not on new content but on an exact echo, a structure this series has also met with Ānanda and Mahākaccāna in earlier explanation-discourses of the Sixes.

Key terms

satthugāravatā, dhammagāravatā, saṅghagāravatā, sikkhāgāravatā — “respect for the Teacher, for the teaching, for the Saṅgha, for the training” — the first four items, shared with the formula's earlier appearances at AN 6.32/6.33/6.40.
sovacassatā — “being easy to admonish” — this discourse's own fifth item, distinct from every earlier version of the formula in this chapter.
kalyāṇamittatā — “good friendship” — the sixth and closing item, echoing this chapter's own AN 6.67 on friendship, though the two discourses are otherwise unconnected.
aparihānāya saṁvattanti — “lead to non-decline” — the deity's own framing of what these six things accomplish for a mendicant.
saṅkhittena bhāsitassa vitthārena attho — “the detailed meaning of what was stated in brief” — the exact exchange Sāriputta undertakes, a recognizable genre within the Numbered Discourses.

The text

The discourse in full: the deity's nighttime visit, the Buddha's retelling, and Sāriputta's detailed explanation, confirmed by the Buddha. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

A deity's nighttime visit

§1Then, late at night, a glorious deity, lighting up the entire Jeta’s Grove, went up to the Buddha, bowed, stood to one side, and said to him: “Sir, these six things don’t lead to the decline of a mendicant. What six? Respect for the Teacher, for the teaching, for the Saṅgha, for the training; being easy to admonish, and good friendship. These six things don’t lead to the decline of a mendicant.” That’s what that deity said, and the teacher approved. Then that deity, knowing that the teacher approved, bowed, and respectfully circled the Buddha, keeping him on his right, before vanishing right there.

The Buddha retells it to the mendicants

§2Then, when the night had passed, the Buddha addressed the mendicants: “Tonight, a glorious deity, lighting up the entire Jeta’s Grove, came to me, bowed, stood to one side, and said to me: ‘Sir, these six things don’t lead to the decline of a mendicant. What six? Respect for the Teacher, for the teaching, for the Saṅgha, for the training; being easy to admonish, and good friendship. These six things don’t lead to the decline of a mendicant.’ That is what that deity said. Then he bowed and respectfully circled me, keeping me on his right side, before vanishing right there.”

Sāriputta's detailed explanation

§3When he said this, Venerable Sāriputta said to the Buddha: “Sir, this is how I understand the detailed meaning of the Buddha’s brief statement. It’s when a mendicant personally respects the Teacher and praises such respect. And they encourage other mendicants who lack such respect to respect the Teacher. And they praise other mendicants who respect the Teacher at the right time, truthfully and correctly. They personally respect the teaching … They personally respect the Saṅgha … They personally respect the training … They are personally easy to admonish … They personally have good friends, and praise such friendship. And they encourage other mendicants who lack good friends to develop good friendship. And they praise other mendicants who have good friends at the right time, truthfully and correctly. That’s how I understand the detailed meaning of the Buddha’s brief statement.”

The Buddha's confirmation, restated in full

§4“Good, good, Sāriputta! It’s good that you understand the detailed meaning of what I’ve said in brief like this. It’s when a mendicant personally respects the Teacher … They personally respect the teaching … They personally respect the Saṅgha … They personally respect the training … They are personally easy to admonish … They personally have good friends, and praise such friendship. And they encourage other mendicants who lack good friends to develop good friendship. And they praise other mendicants who have good friends at the right time, truthfully and correctly. This is how to understand the detailed meaning of what I said in brief.”

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Self-check quiz

Ten questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 10
Why is this discourse the chapter's namesake, unlike AN 6.65–68 before it?
Correct: B. AN 6.65–68 were all deity-free, bare formulas and chains.
Question 2 of 10
What six things does the deity name as preventing a mendicant's decline?
Correct: B. Stated once by the deity, then restated three more times across the discourse.
Question 3 of 10
This is the fourth time a similar 'respect' formula appears in this chapter of the Sixes. What varies each time, according to the guide?
Correct: B. A fourth distinct pairing, not a repeat of AN 6.32, 6.33, or 6.40's fifth and sixth items.
Question 4 of 10
How many times does the discourse's core six-item content get stated in full or near-full, across all three speakers?
Correct: C. A brief statement given three further full retellings within one discourse.
Question 5 of 10
According to Sāriputta's explanation, what three things does fulfilling each item involve?
Correct: B. A three-part treatment applied identically to all six items.
Question 6 of 10
How does the Buddha respond to Sāriputta's explanation?
Correct: B. Confirmation by exact echo, not correction.
Question 7 of 10
Is Sāvatthī explicitly named as this discourse's setting?
Correct: B. No separate formula names Sāvatthī directly; the location is inferred from the deity's description.
Question 8 of 10
What does kalyāṇamittatā mean, and where else has it appeared in this chapter?
Correct: B. The chain in AN 6.67 also concerned friendship, though the two discourses share no other content.
Question 9 of 10
What genre does Sāriputta's exchange with the Buddha belong to, according to the guide?
Correct: B. Brief statement, then detailed explanation — a pattern this series has met in earlier explanation-discourses of the Sixes.
Question 10 of 10
How does the deity depart after speaking?
Correct: B. A standard formula for a deity's respectful departure after the Buddha's silent approval.
Answered 0 of 10 · Correct 0