Aṅguttara Nikāya · Discourse 7.51

Yoking and Unyoking

Saṁyogasutta — Mahāyaññavagga — the fifth chapter of the Sevens, closing its First Fifty

Setting
None stated in the source
Speakers
The Buddha alone, addressing the mendicants
Form
A symmetrical doctrinal exposition, working through a woman's case and then a man's case in mirror-image structure, for both yoking and unyoking
Length
~2 minutes to read
Relation to AN 7.50
A thematic echo, not a formal Paṭhama/Dutiya pair — this discourse shares no narrative frame or interlocutor with AN 7.50, only the same underlying subject of attraction between women and men
Difficulty
★★☆☆☆ — a clean mirror structure, straightforward once the pattern is seen

Why this discourse

AN 7.51 offers an exposition on yoking and unyoking that works entirely by a mirrored structure: a woman who dwells on her own femininity is drawn to a man's masculinity and desires to be yoked to him, and a man who dwells on his own masculinity is drawn to a woman's femininity in exactly the same way — with unyoking described as the same structure run in reverse.

Reading guide

The teaching in one sentence

Yoking between women and men begins inward, not outward: a woman who focuses on and takes pleasure in her own feminine qualities is thereby drawn to focus on and take pleasure in a man's masculine qualities, and desires to be yoked to him — and the same structure holds for a man focusing on his own masculinity.

Six qualities, named for each side of the mirror

The discourse names six specific qualities for each side: moves, appearance, ways, desires, voice, and adornment — feminine for a woman's own self-focus and for the man she is drawn to describe by contrast, masculine for a man's own self-focus and for the woman he is drawn to. The same six-item list runs through all four cases — a woman's yoking, a man's yoking, a woman's unyoking, a man's unyoking — with only the direction of attention and its presence or absence changing.

Yoking begins with the self, not the other

The order of the exposition is deliberate: a woman first focuses on her own femininity and is stimulated by it, and only then turns to focus on a man's masculinity. Attraction to another is presented as downstream of an already-established pleasure taken in one's own gendered qualities, not as an independent starting point.

Unyoking as the identical structure, simply undone

The discourse's second half does not describe a different mechanism for freedom from this yoke; it restates the same structure with each step negated — not focusing on one's own qualities, not being stimulated, not focusing on the other's qualities, not desiring to be yoked — making the path out of the yoke exactly as structured as the path into it.

Key terms

saṁyogavisaṁyoga — “yoking and unyoking” — this discourse's own title, naming the paired exposition it delivers.
itthatta, purisatta — “femininity”, “masculinity” — the quality each side of the mirror focuses on in itself before being drawn to its counterpart in the other.
itthākappa, itthākāra, itthākhāya, itthicchandā, itthissara, itthālaṅkāra — “feminine moves, appearance, ways, desires, voice, and adornment” — the six-item list applied to women throughout this discourse's four mirrored cases.
ye hi keci, bhikkhave, sattā itthiyā abhiratā, sabbe te purisassa saṁyuttā — “sentient beings who relish their femininity are yoked to men” — the discourse's own stated conclusion for the yoking half of a woman's case.
nātivattati — “does not transcend” — the verb marking a failure to move beyond one's own gendered self-focus, mirrored by “transcends” in the unyoking half.

The text

The discourse in full, its mirrored exposition of yoking and unyoking for both a woman's case and a man's case. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

The teaching announced

§1“Mendicants, I will teach you an exposition of the teaching on yoking and unyoking. Listen and apply your mind well, I will speak. … And what is the exposition of the teaching on yoking and unyoking?

Yoking: a woman focused on her own femininity, desiring a man

§2A woman focuses on her own femininity: her feminine moves, feminine appearance, feminine ways, feminine desires, feminine voice, and feminine adornment. She’s stimulated by this and takes pleasure in it. So she focuses on the masculinity of others: masculine moves, masculine appearance, masculine ways, masculine desires, masculine voice, and masculine adornment. She’s stimulated by this and takes pleasure in it. So she desires to yoke herself to another. And she desires the pleasure and happiness that comes from such yoking. Sentient beings who relish their femininity are yoked to men. This is how a woman does not transcend her femininity.

Yoking: a man focused on his own masculinity, desiring a woman

§3A man focuses on his own masculinity: his masculine moves, masculine appearance, masculine ways, masculine desires, masculine voice, and masculine adornment. He’s stimulated by this and takes pleasure in it. So he focuses on the femininity of others: feminine moves, feminine appearance, feminine ways, feminine desires, feminine voice, and feminine adornment. He’s stimulated by this and takes pleasure in it. So he desires to yoke himself to another. And he desires the pleasure and happiness that comes from such yoking. Sentient beings who relish their masculinity are yoked to women. This is how a man does not transcend his masculinity. This is how yoking comes about.

Unyoking: a woman not focused on her own femininity

§4And how does unyoking come about? A woman doesn’t focus on her own femininity: her feminine moves, feminine appearance, feminine ways, feminine desires, feminine voice, and feminine adornment. She isn’t stimulated by this and takes no pleasure in it. So she doesn’t focus on the masculinity of others: masculine moves, masculine appearance, masculine ways, masculine desires, masculine voice, and masculine adornment. She isn’t stimulated by this and takes no pleasure in it. So she doesn’t desire to yoke herself to another. Nor does she desire the pleasure and happiness that comes from such yoking. Sentient beings who do not relish their femininity are not yoked to men. This is how a woman transcends her femininity.

Unyoking: a man not focused on his own masculinity

§5A man doesn’t focus on his own masculinity: masculine moves, masculine appearance, masculine ways, masculine desires, masculine voice, and masculine adornment. He isn’t stimulated by this and takes no pleasure in it. So he doesn’t focus on the femininity of others: feminine moves, feminine appearance, feminine ways, feminine desires, feminine voice, and feminine adornment. He isn’t stimulated by this and takes no pleasure in it. So he doesn’t desire to yoke himself to another. Nor does he desire the pleasure and happiness that comes from such yoking. Sentient beings who do not relish their masculinity are not yoked to women. This is how a man transcends his masculinity. This is how unyoking comes about. This is the exposition of the teaching on yoking and unyoking.”

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Self-check quiz

6 questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 6
According to this discourse, what does a woman's yoking to a man begin with?
Correct: B. An inward starting point, with attraction to another presented as downstream of it.
Question 2 of 6
How many specific qualities does the discourse name for each side of its mirror — feminine and masculine?
Correct: C. A fixed six-item list, applied consistently across all four cases.
Question 3 of 6
How does the discourse describe unyoking, according to the guide?
Correct: B. Not focusing, not being stimulated, not desiring to be yoked — the same steps, reversed.
Question 4 of 6
What is this discourse's relationship to AN 7.50, according to the guide?
Correct: B. Adjacent in theme, not a formally paired companion discourse.
Question 5 of 6
How is this discourse delivered?
Correct: B. The Buddha announces the exposition and delivers it directly, with no interlocutor named.
Question 6 of 6
What does the discourse conclude about sentient beings who relish their own femininity?
Correct: B. The discourse's own stated conclusion for the yoking half of a woman's case.
Answered 0 of 6 · Correct 0