Aṅguttara Nikāya · Discourse 9.2

Supported

Nissayasutta — Sambodhivagga — the first chapter of the Nines

Setting
Not restated; understood to continue from AN 9.1
Speakers
A mendicant questioning the Buddha
Form
A question-and-answer dialogue, five supports followed by four things relied on after appraisal
Length
~1 minute to read
A term explained by use, not defined outright
The mendicant asks what “supported” means; the Buddha answers by showing how each support functions, not with a bare definition
Difficulty
★☆☆☆☆ — brief and direct

Why this discourse

A mendicant asks what it means to be “supported,” and the Buddha answers with five qualities — faith, conscience, prudence, energy, and wisdom — each of which, when it supports giving up the unskillful and developing the skillful, actually accomplishes that giving up, and four further things a mendicant grounded on those five relies on only after appraisal.

Reading guide

The teaching in one sentence

A mendicant is “supported” when faith, conscience, prudence, energy, or wisdom actually accomplishes the giving up of the unskillful and the development of the skillful, and when, grounded on these five, they use some things, endure some things, avoid some things, and get rid of some things, all after appraisal.

A question about a word

Unlike AN 9.1's rehearsed answer for outsiders, this discourse opens with a mendicant's direct question about terminology: what does it mean for a mendicant to be called “supported”? The Buddha's answer works by showing the term in action rather than defining it abstractly.

Five supports, one shared test

Faith, conscience, prudence, energy, and wisdom are each tested the same way: does relying on this quality actually accomplish giving up the unskillful and developing the skillful? What has been given up counts as completely given up only when seen with noble wisdom — the fifth support closes and validates the other four.

Four things, always after appraisal

The four things a supported mendicant relies on — using, enduring, avoiding, and getting rid of — are each qualified by the same phrase, ‘after appraisal.’ This is the same reflective-use logic spelled out at length elsewhere for a mendicant's four requisites, compressed here into a single closing line.

Key terms

nissito — “supported” — the term the questioning mendicant asks about, and the discourse's own title word.
saddhānissito — “supported by faith” — the first of the five supports, tested by whether it accomplishes giving up the unskillful.
ariyāya paññāya passato — “seeing with noble wisdom” — the standard by which what has been given up counts as completely given up.
paṭisaṅkhā yoniso — “after appraisal” — the qualifier attached to each of the four things a supported mendicant relies on.
sevati, adhivāseti, parivajjeti, vinodeti — “uses, endures, avoids, and gets rid of” — the four things relied on, a compressed echo of the fuller reflective-use teaching on a mendicant's requisites.

The text

The discourse in full: a question about what “supported” means, five supports, and four things relied on after appraisal. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

A question about a word

§1Then a mendicant went up to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and said to him: “Sir, they speak of being ‘supported’. How is a mendicant who is supported defined?”

Five supports

§2“Mendicant, if a mendicant supported by faith gives up the unskillful and develops the skillful, the unskillful is actually given up by them. If a mendicant supported by conscience … If a mendicant supported by prudence … If a mendicant supported by energy … If a mendicant supported by wisdom gives up the unskillful and develops the skillful, the unskillful is actually given up by them. What’s been given up is completely given up when it has been given up by seeing with noble wisdom.

Four things, after appraisal

§3But then, a mendicant grounded on these five things should rely on four things. What four? After appraisal, a mendicant uses some things, endures some things, avoids some things, and gets rid of some things. That’s how a mendicant is supported.”

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Self-check quiz

6 questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 6
How does this discourse open?
Correct: B. A direct question about terminology opens this brief discourse.
Question 2 of 6
What are the five supports named?
Correct: A. Each tested by whether it actually accomplishes giving up the unskillful.
Question 3 of 6
By what test is each of the five supports judged?
Correct: B. A functional test, not a definition.
Question 4 of 6
What four things does a supported mendicant rely on, and how?
Correct: B. Reflective use, echoing the fuller requisites teaching found elsewhere.
Question 5 of 6
According to the guide, what validates the other four supports?
Correct: B. The fifth support closes and validates the first four.
Question 6 of 6
How does the Buddha's answer approach the term “supported”?
Correct: B. Function over definition, as the guide notes.
Answered 0 of 6 · Correct 0