Saṃyutta Nikāya · Discourse 11.6

Bird Nests

Kulāvakasutta

Setting
Sāvatthī — the Buddha narrating a story from the world of the gods
Speakers
The Buddha, addressing the mendicants; within the story, Sakka addressing his charioteer Mātali
Form
A short narrated episode built around a single verse and a single decisive gesture
Length
~2.5 minutes to read
Northern parallel
A rough counterpart may exist in the Chinese Saṃyukta-āgama (T99), though this reading guide does not assert a specific matching sutra number
Difficulty
★☆☆☆☆ — short, vivid, and among this saṃyutta's most loved episodes

Why this discourse

For once in this saṃyutta, the gods actually lose the battle and flee, with the titans in pursuit — yet the discourse doesn't dwell on defeat. Fleeing by chariot, Sakka notices a tree full of bird nests directly in his escape path and orders his charioteer to turn back rather than destroy them, declaring he'd rather give up their lives to the titans than deprive the birds of their homes. The gesture, meant purely as an act of care with no strategic intent, makes the pursuing titans believe the gods are counterattacking, and they flee in terror — a victory won, the discourse insists, by principle rather than force.

Reading guide

A rare admission of defeat

Unlike most of this saṃyutta's episodes, which open with Sakka already victorious or actively winning, this discourse opens with the gods genuinely losing and fleeing — a detail that makes what follows land differently.

A small, undramatic concern amid a rout

In full flight from a pursuing army, Sakka's attention goes to something easy to overlook entirely — a tree full of bird nests standing in the chariot's path — rather than to anything about the battle itself.

A stated willingness to pay the full cost

Sakka doesn't frame turning back as a calculated risk; he states plainly that he would rather give up their lives to the titans than harm the birds, naming the actual stakes of the choice before making it.

An effect achieved without any intended strategy

The victory that follows isn't the result of any plan on Sakka's part; the titans misread the turned chariot as the start of a renewed attack, and their own fear does the rest of the work entirely on its own.

A different phrase for a different kind of win

Where SN 11.4 and SN 11.5 both close on variations of victory won through speech, this discourse closes instead on victory won dhammena — by principle — naming a third, distinct way Sakka is remembered as prevailing.

Key terms

apāyaṁsveva uttarenamukhā — “fled north” — the unusual opening admission that the gods have actually lost this particular battle.
kulāvakā… simbalismiṁ — “bird nests… in the Red Silk-Cotton Woods” — the small, easily overlooked concern at the center of the entire episode.
kāmaṁ cajāma asuresu pāṇaṁ — “I'd rather give up our lives to the titans” — Sakka naming the actual stakes of his choice before making it.
paccudāvattesi — “turned back” — the chariot's reversal, meant purely as care for the birds, that the titans misread as a counterattack.
dhammena jayo — “victory by principle” — this discourse's closing phrase, distinct from SN 11.4 and SN 11.5's victory won through speech.

The text

The discourse in full, one of this saṃyutta's shortest and most vivid episodes. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

§1At Sāvatthī. “Once upon a time, mendicants, a battle was fought between the gods and the titans. In that battle the titans won and the gods lost. Defeated, the gods fled north with the titans in pursuit. Then Sakka, lord of gods, addressed his chariot handler Mātali in verse:

§2‘Mātali, don’t ram the bird nests in the Red Silk-Cotton Woods with your draft-pole. I’d rather give up our lives to the titans than deprive these birds of their nests.’

§3‘Yes, lord,’ replied Mātali. And he turned the chariot back around, with its team of a thousand thoroughbreds. Then the titans thought, ‘Now Sakka’s chariot has turned back. The titans will have to fight the gods a second time!’ Terrified, they retreated right away to the citadel of the titans. And that’s how Sakka came to win victory by principle.”

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Self-check quiz

Ten questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 10
How does this battle turn out for the gods, unlike most other episodes in this saṃyutta?
Correct: A. A rare admission of defeat opening the episode.
Question 2 of 10
What does Sakka notice in the chariot's escape path?
Correct: A. A small, easily overlooked concern amid a full retreat.
Question 3 of 10
What does Sakka say he would rather do than harm the birds?
Correct: A. Naming the actual stakes of the choice before making it.
Question 4 of 10
What effect does turning the chariot back have on the pursuing titans?
Correct: A. An outcome achieved without any intended strategy on Sakka's part.
Question 5 of 10
Was Sakka's turn back a calculated military strategy?
Correct: A. The victory follows from an unintended effect, not a plan.
Question 6 of 10
What phrase closes this discourse, naming the kind of victory won?
Correct: A. Distinct from the closing phrase used in SN 11.4 and SN 11.5.
Question 7 of 10
Who does Sakka give the order to turn back?
Correct: A. The same charioteer who also appears in SN 11.4.
Question 8 of 10
How many thoroughbreds pull Sakka's chariot, as specified in the text?
Correct: A. A detail marking the chariot's grandeur even mid-retreat.
Question 9 of 10
How does this discourse's length compare to SN 11.4 and SN 11.5?
Correct: A. A compact episode among this saṃyutta's most vivid and loved.
Question 10 of 10
Where does the Buddha narrate this story to the monks?
Correct: A. The consistent setting across this saṃyutta's opening discourses.
Answered 0 of 10 · Correct 0