Saṃyutta Nikāya · Discourse 14.7

Diversity of Perceptions

Saññānānattasutta

Setting
Sāvatthī
Speakers
The Buddha alone, addressing the assembled mendicants
Form
A five-step forward causal chain, considerably longer than any single step given in this vagga's first half
Length
~2 minutes to read
Northern parallel
A rough counterpart may exist in the Chinese Saṃyukta-āgama (T99), though this reading guide does not assert a specific matching sutra number
Difficulty
★★★☆☆ — the longest chain given in this vagga so far, worth reading slowly

Why this discourse

Where the internal set (SN 14.1–5) built a chain at most three links long, this discourse builds one five links long in a single step: external diversity of elements gives rise to diversity of perceptions, which gives rise to diversity of thoughts, then desires, then passions, then searches. Each link is drawn out in full for the sight element alone before the source elides the middle four doors and restates the whole chain once more for the idea element. The progression traces something recognizable from ordinary experience: perceiving something distinct leads to thinking about it, wanting it, burning for it, and finally going out to search for it.

Reading guide

Five links where the internal set gave at most three

This discourse compresses a much longer chain into one discourse rather than building it gradually across several, as the internal set did across SN 14.1–5.

A chain tracing craving's escalation

Perception leads to thought, thought to desire, desire to passion, and passion to search — each step genuinely escalates in intensity, from noticing something to burning to go and get it.

Only two doors spelled out in full

The source draws out the complete five-step chain for the sight element, elides the four middle doors with …pe…, and gives the full chain once more for the idea element, the same economy used since SN 14.3.

Forward only, matching SN 14.2's earlier pattern

As with the chain's first appearance, this discourse states only the forward direction; explicit reverse denial, following the same rhythm as the internal set, arrives in the discourse immediately after this one.

Search, not yet gain

This discourse's chain stops at pariyesanā, search; the vagga's very next pair of discourses will extend the chain one step further still, to lābha, gain.

Key terms

dhātunānattaṁ paṭicca uppajjati saññānānattaṁ — “diversity of elements gives rise to diversity of perceptions” — the chain's first new link, built from the external element list of SN 14.6.
saṅkappanānattaṁ — “diversity of thoughts” — the second link, thought arising from perception.
chandanānattaṁ — “diversity of desires” — the third link, desire arising from thought.
pariḷāhanānattaṁ — “diversity of passions” — literally “burning,” the fourth link, marking an intensification beyond mere desire.
pariyesanānānattaṁ — “diversity of searches” — the fifth and final link in this discourse's chain, the point where internal craving turns into outward-directed action.

The text

The discourse in full, including the source's own elision of the four middle sense doors between sight and idea. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

§1At Sāvatthī. “Mendicants, diversity of elements gives rise to diversity of perceptions. Diversity of perceptions gives rise to diversity of thoughts. Diversity of thoughts gives rise to diversity of desires. Diversity of desires gives rise to diversity of passions. Diversity of passions gives rise to diversity of searches. And what is the diversity of elements? The sight element, the sound element, the smell element, the taste element, the touch element, and the idea element. This is called the diversity of elements.

§2And how does diversity of elements give rise to diversity of perceptions, and diversity of perceptions give rise to diversity of thoughts, and diversity of thoughts give rise to diversity of desires, and diversity of desires give rise to diversity of passions, and diversity of passions give rise to diversity of searches?

§3The sight element gives rise to the perception of sights. The perception of sights gives rise to thoughts about sights. Thoughts about sights give rise to the desire for sights. The desire for sights gives rise to the passion for sights. The passion for sights gives rise to searching for sights. … The idea element gives rise to the perception of ideas. The perception of ideas gives rise to thoughts about ideas. Thoughts about ideas give rise to the desire for ideas. The desire for ideas gives rise to the passion for ideas. The passion for ideas gives rise to searching for ideas.

§4That’s how diversity of elements gives rise to diversity of perceptions, and diversity of perceptions gives rise to diversity of thoughts, and diversity of thoughts gives rise to diversity of desires, and diversity of desires gives rise to diversity of passions, and diversity of passions gives rise to diversity of searches.”

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Self-check quiz

Ten questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 10
How many links does this discourse's chain contain, from elements to searches?
Correct: A. Elements, perceptions, thoughts, desires, passions, searches — five links from the first term.
Question 2 of 10
What progression does this chain trace?
Correct: A. Perception to thought to desire to passion to search, each step more intense.
Question 3 of 10
What base list does this discourse's chain build from?
Correct: A. The external base introduced in SN 14.6, now extended.
Question 4 of 10
Which two sense doors receive the chain spelled out in full, rather than elided?
Correct: A. The first and sixth doors bracket the elided middle four, as elsewhere in this vagga.
Question 5 of 10
Does this discourse address the reverse direction of the chain?
Correct: A. Following the same forward-then-denial rhythm as SN 14.2 and SN 14.3.
Question 6 of 10
What does pariḷāha, the fourth link, literally mean?
Correct: A. A term marking heightened intensity, distinct from ordinary desire.
Question 7 of 10
Where does this discourse's chain stop, and what happens to it in later discourses?
Correct: A. Lābha, gain, is the vagga's final link, reached in SN 14.9–10.
Question 8 of 10
Who is the sole speaker in this discourse?
Correct: A. No interlocutor or visitor appears.
Question 9 of 10
Where does the Buddha deliver this teaching?
Correct: A. The setting shared with most discourses in this collection.
Question 10 of 10
What numbering tag closes this discourse?
Correct: A. The seventh discourse of this vagga.
Answered 0 of 10 · Correct 0