Saṃyutta Nikāya · Discourse 2.3

With Māgha

Māghasutta

Setting
Near Sāvatthī, in Jeta’s Grove, late at night
Speakers
The Buddha and the godling Māgha
Form
A riddle-verse question, answered in a longer verse naming one thing and describing it in detail
Length
~1.5 minutes to read
Northern parallel
A rough counterpart may exist in the Chinese Saṃyukta-āgama (T99), though this reading guide does not assert a specific matching sutra number
Difficulty
★★★☆☆ — the riddle form is simple, but the closing epithet addressed to Māgha rewards a second look

Why this discourse

Māgha's question follows a riddle pattern this collection uses repeatedly: what one thing, when killed, brings a specific benefit? Here the benefits are sleeping at ease and being without sorrow, and the Buddha's answer is anger — described with a poisonous root and a sweet tip, killed not out of aversion to killing itself but because the noble ones praise this particular killing as the one that ends sorrow.

Reading guide

A riddle asked in four lines

Māgha's verse asks the same underlying question twice, in parallel: what is slain for ease of sleep, and what is slain for freedom from sorrow, before asking directly what the one thing is whose killing the Buddha approves.

One answer, not many

Unlike discourses elsewhere in this collection that name several candidate answers before settling on one, the Buddha answers Māgha's riddle immediately and singly: anger, named in the first line of his reply and never displaced by an alternative.

A poisonous root, a sweet tip

The Buddha's verse describes anger with a botanical image: ‘poisonous root’ and ‘sweet tip’, capturing how anger's onset can feel gratifying even while its source and consequence are harmful.

An unusual epithet: Smiter of the Constrictor

The Buddha addresses Māgha as ‘Smiter of the Constrictor’ (vatrabhū), an epithet elsewhere applied to Sakka, ruler of the gods — a detail this reading guide notes without asserting a specific identification between Māgha and any other named figure in this collection.

Killing praised, not condemned

The verse's final couplet states plainly that the noble ones praise this killing, since its result is freedom from sorrow — a rare case in this collection of ‘killing’ used approvingly, turned entirely toward an internal target.

Key terms

kiṁ su chetvā — “when what is slain” — the riddle formula opening Māgha's question, repeated across its first two lines.
kodha — “anger” — the Buddha's one-word answer to Māgha's riddle.
visamūla madhuragga — “poisonous root, sweet tip” — the verse's image for how anger begins pleasurably but is rooted in harm.
vatrabhū — “Smiter of the Constrictor” — an epithet addressed to Māgha in the Buddha's reply, elsewhere associated with Sakka.
ariyā — “the noble ones” — those who, the verse says, praise the killing of anger.

The text

The discourse in full: Māgha's riddle-verse and the Buddha's answering verse. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

§1At Sāvatthī. Then, late at night, the glorious godling Māgha, lighting up the entire Jeta’s Grove, went up to the Buddha, bowed, stood to one side, and addressed the Buddha in verse:

§2“When what is slain do you sleep at ease? When what is slain is there no sorrow? What is the one thing whose killing you approve?”

§3“When anger’s slain you sleep at ease. When anger’s slain there is no sorrow. Anger has a poisonous root, and a sweet tip, O Smiter of the Constrictor. The noble ones praise its killing, for when it’s slain there is no sorrow.”

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Self-check quiz

Ten questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 10
What does Māgha's riddle-verse ask?
Correct: A. The riddle repeats the same underlying question across its opening lines.
Question 2 of 10
What single answer does the Buddha give?
Correct: A. Named directly in the first line of the Buddha's reply, with no alternative offered.
Question 3 of 10
How does the Buddha's verse describe anger?
Correct: A. The image captures anger's harmful root and its deceptively pleasurable onset.
Question 4 of 10
What epithet does the Buddha use to address Māgha?
Correct: A. An epithet (vatrabhū) elsewhere associated with Sakka, ruler of the gods.
Question 5 of 10
Who, according to the verse, praises the killing of anger?
Correct: A. “The noble ones praise its killing, for when it's slain there is no sorrow.”
Question 6 of 10
How many candidate answers does the Buddha offer before settling on one?
Correct: A. Unlike riddle discourses that weigh several candidates, this one answers directly.
Question 7 of 10
Where is this discourse set?
Correct: A. The same late-night Jeta's Grove setting used throughout this book's opening discourses.
Question 8 of 10
What is unusual about “killing” as used in this verse's final couplet?
Correct: A. A rare approving use of “killing” in this collection, aimed at anger itself.
Question 9 of 10
Does this reading guide claim a specific identification between Māgha and another named figure?
Correct: A. The guide flags the epithet's association with Sakka but does not assert identity.
Question 10 of 10
What form does this discourse take overall?
Correct: A. Māgha's question in verse, met by the Buddha's answering verse.
Answered 0 of 10 · Correct 0