Saṃyutta Nikāya · Discourse 35.85

The World Is Empty

Suññatalokasutta — Channavagga

Setting
Not restated in this discourse
Speakers
Venerable Ānanda questioning; the Buddha answering
Form
A single question on a well-known saying — “the world is empty” — answered by definition, then run across the six sense fields
Length
~1 minute to read
Northern parallel
A rough counterpart may exist in the Chinese Saṃyukta-āgama (T99), though this reading guide does not assert a specific matching sutra number
Difficulty
★★★☆☆ — a short discourse carrying real philosophical weight

Why this discourse

Ānanda's second question in this vagga's own opening trio asks about one of early Buddhism's most quoted sayings: “the world is empty.” The Buddha's answer is precise, not a general claim of nonexistence: the world is empty “of self or what belongs to self” (attā vā attaniyena vā), run across the same six sense fields this book returns to again and again. Sujato's own note situates this discourse's own use of “emptiness” within its early Buddhist context: primarily a meditation approach for realizing not-self, cross-referencing SN 41.7 (= MN 43 = MN 106) and Snp 5.16, and pointing to MN 121 (the Cūḷasuññatasutta) for a more expansive treatment of the same theme.

Reading guide

Ānanda's second question

Following his question on “the world” at SN 35.84, Ānanda now asks what the saying “the world is empty” refers to — a phrase evidently already in circulation, which the Buddha's answer sharpens rather than introduces.

Empty of self, not empty of matter

The Buddha's definition is exact: the world is empty “of self or what belongs to self,” not empty of substance or existence — a meditation claim about not-self, not a metaphysical claim of nonexistence.

A practice, not a doctrine to be debated

Sujato's own note situates this teaching among a cluster of parallel discourses (SN 41.7 = MN 43 = MN 106, Snp 5.16) and points to MN 121's own fuller treatment — framing “emptiness” here as primarily something to be realized in meditation, not settled by argument.

Key terms

suñña — empty — the description Ānanda asks the Buddha to explain
attā — self — what the world is said to be empty of
attaniya — what belongs to self — the second half of the definition, paired with attā
Cūḷasuññatasutta — MN 121, cited in Sujato's own note as the fuller treatment of this same emptiness teaching
cakkhu — the eye — the first field declared empty of self, opening the same six-field chain met throughout this book

The text

The complete discourse: Ānanda's question on the saying “the world is empty,” and the Buddha's answer run across the six sense fields. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

§1And then Venerable Ānanda … said to the Buddha: “Sir, they say that ‘the world is empty’. What does the saying ‘the world is empty’ refer to?”

§2“Ānanda, they say that ‘the world is empty’ because it’s empty of self or what belongs to self. And what is empty of self or what belongs to self?

§3The eye, sights, eye consciousness, and eye contact are empty of self or what belongs to self. … The pleasant, painful, or neutral feeling that arises dependent on mind contact is also empty of self or what belongs to self. They say that ‘the world is empty’ because it’s empty of self or what belongs to self.”

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Self-check quiz

5 questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 5
What saying does Ānanda ask the Buddha to explain in this discourse?
Correct: A. Ānanda's second question in this vagga's own opening trio.
Question 2 of 5
What, precisely, does the Buddha say the world is empty of?
Correct: A. Not a claim of nonexistence, but a not-self teaching.
Question 3 of 5
According to Sujato's own note, what role does “emptiness” primarily play in early Buddhism?
Correct: A. Cross-referenced to SN 41.7 (= MN 43 = MN 106) and Snp 5.16.
Question 4 of 5
Which discourse does Sujato's own note point to for a more expansive treatment of this same theme?
Correct: A. The “Shorter Discourse on Emptiness.”
Question 5 of 5
How does this discourse's structure compare to SN 35.84, the previous discourse?
Correct: A. The second of three near-identically shaped questions from Ānanda.
Answered 0 of 5 · Correct 0