Saṃyutta Nikāya · Discourse 36.12

In the Atmosphere (1st)

Paṭhamaākāsasutta — Rahogatavagga

Setting
Not restated in this discourse
Speakers
The Buddha alone, addressing the assembled mendicants
Form
A prose simile of winds followed by a two-verse elaboration
Length
~2 minutes to read
Northern parallel
A rough counterpart may exist in the Chinese Saṃyukta-āgama (T99), though this reading guide does not assert a specific matching sutra number
Difficulty
★★☆☆☆ — a vivid image, plainly applied

Why this discourse

This discourse compares the varied feelings arising in the body to the varied winds that blow through open air: winds come from every direction — east, west, north, south — and vary in kind — dusty or dustless, cool or warm, weak or strong. In the same way, pleasant, painful, and neutral feelings simply arise in the body, from no single direction and in no fixed pattern. The closing verses add the same conclusion this project has already met elsewhere in this vagga's own opening pages: a keen, aware mendicant who completely understands all these feelings is free of defilements in this very life.

Reading guide

No single source, no fixed direction

The wind simile's own point is the sheer variety and unpredictability of what arises: four directions, three pairs of qualities (dusty/dustless, cool/warm, weak/strong) — feelings, like winds, don't arise from one place or in one form.

The body as an open field, not a controlled chamber

Unlike similes elsewhere in this saṃyutta that locate feeling's cause precisely (contact, the body, the senses), this simile pictures the body itself as something more like open atmosphere — a space feelings simply move through, arising and passing without the mendicant summoning or directing them.

Three pairs of qualities, mapped loosely onto three feelings

The wind simile's own three qualities (dusty/dustless, cool/warm, weak/strong) are not explicitly mapped one-to-one onto pleasant/painful/neutral feeling in the text; the comparison works at the level of variety and unpredictability in general, not through a precise point-by-point correspondence.

A closing formula shared with this vagga's own opening pages

The verses' own closing lines — understanding all feelings, freedom from defilements, a “knowledge master” (vedagū) “unreckonable” when the body breaks up — repeat SN 36.3 and SN 36.5's own closing verses from Sagāthāvagga almost word for word, confirming this closing template recurs across vagga boundaries, not only within a single vagga.

Key terms

ākāse vividhā vātā vāyanti — “various winds blow in the atmosphere” — the discourse's own opening image, giving it its title
rajānipi arajānipi — “dusty and dustless” — one of three paired qualities describing the winds
sītāpi uṇhāpi — “cool and warm” — the second paired quality
appamattāpi adhimattāpi — “weak and strong” — the third paired quality, completing the wind simile's own range
vedagū — “knowledge master” — the closing verse's own epithet, shared with SN 36.3 and SN 36.5's closing verses in the previous vagga

The text

The complete discourse: the wind simile and the closing verses. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

§1“Mendicants, various winds blow in the atmosphere. Winds blow from the east, the west, the north, and the south. There are winds that are dusty and dustless, cool and warm, weak and strong. In the same way, various feelings arise in this body: pleasant, painful, and neutral feelings.

§2There are many and various winds that blow in the atmosphere. From the east they come, also the west, the north, and then the south. They are dusty and dustless, cool and sometimes warm, strong and weak; these are the different gales that blow.

§3So too, in this body feelings arise, pleasant and painful, and those that are neutral. But when a mendicant is keen, not neglecting situational awareness, that astute person understands all feelings. Completely understanding feelings, they’re without defilements in this very life. That knowledge master is firm in principle; when their body breaks up, they can’t be reckoned.”

· · ·

Self-check quiz

5 questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 5
What varied qualities does the wind simile describe?
Correct: A. Sheer variety and unpredictability is the simile's own point, not a fixed pattern.
Question 2 of 5
How does this simile's picture of the body differ from similes elsewhere in this saṃyutta that trace feeling to a precise cause?
Correct: A. Unlike the body/contact dependency of SN 36.7-8 or SN 36.10, this simile emphasizes variety without pinpointing a mechanism.
Question 3 of 5
Does the text map the wind simile's three paired qualities one-to-one onto the three feelings?
Correct: A. The three qualities illustrate variety in general rather than serving as a precise mapping.
Question 4 of 5
How does this discourse's closing verse relate to earlier discourses in this saṃyutta?
Correct: A. Confirming the closing template recurs across vagga boundaries, not only within a single vagga.
Question 5 of 5
What three feelings does this discourse compare to the varied winds?
Correct: A. The same threefold classification this whole saṃyutta is built on.
Answered 0 of 5 · Correct 0