Saṃyutta Nikāya · Discourse 38.1

A Question About Extinguishment

Nibbānapañhāsutta — Jambukhādakavagga

Setting
Near the little village of Nālakagāmaka, in the land of the Magadhans
Speakers
The wanderer Jambukhādaka questioning Venerable Sāriputta
Form
A frame narrative, then a four-step catechism: define the term, confirm a path exists, name the path, close on a brief exchange
Length
~1 minute to read
Northern parallel
A rough counterpart may exist in the Chinese Saṃyukta-āgama (T99), though this reading guide does not assert a specific matching sutra number
Difficulty
★☆☆☆☆ — a short, clear opening discourse establishing a template this saṃyutta will repeat throughout

Why this discourse

This discourse opens Book IV's fourth saṃyutta, Jambukhādakasaṃyutta, with a structure unlike anything built so far in this project: the speaker is not the Buddha addressing mendicants but Venerable Sāriputta, questioned by a wanderer named Jambukhādaka, who asks what “extinguishment” (nibbāna) is. Sāriputta answers in the fewest possible words — the ending of greed, hate, and delusion — then confirms a path exists to realize it and names that path: the noble eightfold path. SuttaCentral's own summary of this saṃyutta notes that it “is practically identical to the next, differing only in the name of the wanderer” — worth remembering when this project eventually reaches that saṃyutta, though not yet confirmed by direct reading. This discourse alone carries this saṃyutta's own narrative frame; every discourse after it continues as quoted dialogue with no further scene-setting.

Reading guide

A frame that will not repeat

Sāriputta staying near Nālakagāmaka in Magadha, Jambukhādaka approaching and exchanging greetings before sitting down and asking his question — the only narrative setting this entire saṃyutta will use; SN 38.2–16 continue directly as dialogue with no further frame of their own.

The shortest possible definition

“The ending of greed, hate, and delusion” — Sāriputta's own definition of extinguishment, given in a single breath and not elaborated further in this discourse.

A four-step template this saṃyutta will repeat

Define the term, confirm a path exists, name that path (the noble eightfold path, spelled out in full here), and close on Jambukhādaka's own brief approving exchange — a fixed catechism this reading guide will track as later discourses in this saṃyutta apply it to fourteen further terms.

Key terms

nibbānaṁ — “extinguishment” — this discourse's own subject term, defined here as the ending of greed, hate, and delusion
rāgakkhayo dosakkhayo mohakkhayo — “the ending of greed, hate, and delusion” — Sāriputta's own definition, reused verbatim at SN 38.2 for a different term entirely
ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo — “the noble eightfold path” — spelled out in full here (right view, purpose, speech, action, livelihood, effort, mindfulness, and immersion), the answer this saṃyutta's own catechism will repeat for every term through SN 38.15
alañca... appamādāya — “just this much is enough for diligence” — Jambukhādaka's own closing approval, repeated with only minor variation throughout this saṃyutta
āvuso — “reverend, friend” — the reciprocal address term Jambukhādaka and Sāriputta use throughout this saṃyutta

The text

The complete discourse. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

§1At one time Venerable Sāriputta was staying in the land of the Magadhans near the little village of Nālaka. Then the wanderer Jambukhādaka went up to Venerable Sāriputta and exchanged greetings with him. When the greetings and polite conversation were over, he sat down to one side and said to Sāriputta:

§2“Reverend Sāriputta, they speak of this thing called ‘extinguishment’. What is extinguishment?” “Reverend, the ending of greed, hate, and delusion is called extinguishment.” “But, reverend, is there a path and a practice for realizing this extinguishment?” “There is, reverend.” “Well, what is it?” “It is simply this noble eightfold path, that is: right view, right purpose, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right immersion. This is the path, the practice, for realizing this extinguishment.” “Reverend, this is a fine path, a fine practice, for realizing this extinguishment. Just this much is enough for diligence.”

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Self-check quiz

5 questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 5
How does Sāriputta define extinguishment (nibbāna)?
Correct: A. Given in a single breath, without further elaboration in this discourse.
Question 2 of 5
What path does Sāriputta name for realizing extinguishment?
Correct: A. Spelled out in full here, and repeated as the answer throughout this saṃyutta's own catechism.
Question 3 of 5
How much of this saṃyutta's narrative setting does this discourse establish?
Correct: A. Confirmed by reading bilara-data directly: only SN 38.1 carries a narrative frame.
Question 4 of 5
According to SuttaCentral's own summary, how does this saṃyutta relate to the next one?
Correct: A. Worth remembering for later, though not yet confirmed by this project's own direct reading of that saṃyutta.
Question 5 of 5
Who is the speaker answering questions in this discourse?
Correct: A. A structure distinct from most of this project's saṃyuttas: a disciple answering an outside questioner, not the Buddha addressing mendicants.
Answered 0 of 5 · Correct 0