Saṃyutta Nikāya · Discourse 45.170

Craving

Taṇhāsutta — Esanāvagga

Setting
Continuing directly from SN 45.169
Speakers
The Buddha, addressing the mendicants directly
Form
Two traditionally numbered discourses (the tenth and eleventh) sharing one bilara-data file, confirmed by the Pāli root's own closing numerals
Length
2-3 minutes to read, plus a described (not translated) colophon and uddāna
Northern parallel
No individual parallel confirmed by this project's own check
Difficulty
★★☆☆☆ — closes this vagga's own eleven discourses

Why this discourse

Craving (taṇhā) and thirst (tasinā) — near-synonymous terms for the same underlying force, for sensual pleasures, for existence, and for non-existence — close this vagga together in a single source file, confirmed by the Pāli root's own closing numerals to be two distinct, traditionally numbered discourses (the tenth and eleventh) rather than one. The second, Thirst, is the only discourse since SN 45.161 itself to write out all four closing formulas explicitly.

Reading guide

One file, two discourses, confirmed by the Pāli's own numerals

The Pāli root closes the Craving section with “Dasamaṁ” (“the tenth”) and the Thirst section with “Ekādasamaṁ” (“the eleventh”) — confirming, along with the closing uddāna's own explicit “dve taṇhā tasināya cāti” (“the two, craving and thirst”), that this single bilara-data file bundles what tradition counts as two separate discourses, making this an eleven-discourse vagga across ten pages.

The fourfold formula, written out in full one final time

Where every discourse since SN 45.162 has compressed the formula into a single base-formula line, the Thirst section reprises SN 45.161's own fuller presentation, writing out all four closing formulas (base; removal of greed, hate, delusion; freedom from death; self-referential extinguishment) explicitly — confirming, at this vagga's own close, that the wider matrix implied throughout remains fully intact.

A colophon and uddāna, describing an ambiguous internal count

“Esanāvaggo sattamo” (“the Searches chapter, the seventh”) is an internal numbering note whose exact scope this project does not confidently interpret, as with similar notes closing earlier vaggas in Book V. The closing uddāna itself is a plain list of this vagga's own eleven discourse-topics (Searches, Discriminations, Defilements, States of Existence, Forms of Suffering, Barrenness, Stains, Troubles, Feelings, Craving, and Thirst), described here rather than rendered as invented verse.

Key terms

tisso taṇhā... tisso tasinā — “three cravings... three thirsts” — near-synonymous terms, both naming craving for sensual pleasures, for existence, and for nonexistence (or, in the second section's own phrasing, to continue and to end existence)
kāmataṇhā bhavataṇhā vibhavataṇhā — craving for sensual pleasures, for existence, and for nonexistence — a foundational threefold classification central to the second noble truth
abhiññāya pariññāya parikkhayāya pahānāya — the four verbs established at SN 45.161-162, governing both sections of this closing discourse
dasamaṁ... ekādasamaṁ — “the tenth... the eleventh” — the Pāli root's own closing numerals, confirming two distinct discourses share this single file
esanāvaggo sattamo — “the Searches chapter, the seventh” — an internal numbering note whose exact scope this project does not confidently interpret

The text

Every genuinely translated fragment across both sections of this closing discourse. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

Craving — the tenth discourse, the base formula in full“Mendicants, there are these three cravings. What three? Craving for sensual pleasures, craving for existence, and craving for nonexistence. These are the three cravings. The noble eightfold path should be developed for the direct knowledge, complete understanding, finishing, and giving up of these three cravings. What is the noble eightfold path? It’s when a mendicant develops right view, right purpose, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right immersion, which rely on seclusion, fading away, and cessation, and ripen as letting go. This is the noble eightfold path that should be developed for the direct knowledge, complete understanding, finishing, and giving up of these three cravings.”

Thirst — the eleventh discourse, opening“Mendicants, there are these three thirsts. What three? Thirst for sensual pleasures, thirst to continue existence, and thirst to end existence.

Thirst — all four closing formulas, in turnFor the direct knowledge, complete understanding, finishing, and giving up of these three thirsts … … which culminates in the removal of greed, hate, and delusion. … whose objective, destination, and culmination is freedom from death. … which slants, slopes, and inclines to extinguishment. The noble eightfold path should be developed for the direct knowledge, complete understanding, finishing, and giving up of these three thirsts.”

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Self-check quiz

3 questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 3
What confirms that this single bilara-data file bundles two separate, traditionally numbered discourses?
Correct: A. Confirmed by direct reading of the Pāli root's own closing formulas.
Question 2 of 3
What makes the "Thirst" section unusual compared to every discourse since SN 45.162?
Correct: A. Confirming, at this vagga's own close, that the full formula matrix remains intact even after many discourses of compression.
Question 3 of 3
How does this reading guide handle the internal numbering note "Esanāvaggo sattamo"?
Correct: A. Following this project's own established honest-hedging practice, consistent with similar notes closing earlier vaggas.
Answered 0 of 3 · Correct 0