Saṃyutta Nikāya · Discourse 46.57

A Skeleton

Aṭṭhikasutta — Ānāpānavagga

Setting
Sāvatthī
Speakers
The Buddha, addressing the mendicants directly
Form
Six separately-titled suttas bundled under one number, each restating the identical claim with a different named benefit
Length
2-3 minutes to read
Northern parallel
No individual parallel confirmed by this project's own check
Difficulty
★★☆☆☆ — opens a new vagga with this saṃyutta's own most compressed bundling yet

Why this discourse

The perception of a skeleton — a meditation on the body's own bare bones, part of the traditional charnel-ground contemplations — is developed together with the seven awakening factors and shown, across six separately-named ancient suttas bundled here under a single number, to yield six distinct benefits in turn: it is very fruitful; it yields one of two specific fruits; it leads to great benefit; to great sanctuary from the yoke; to great inspiration; and to dwelling in great ease.

Reading guide

Six named suttas, one site-facing number

Confirmed by direct reading of the root Pāli, this single discourse actually bundles six separately titled ancient suttas — Aṭṭhikamahapphalasutta, Aññataraphalasutta, Mahatthasutta, Yogakkhemasutta, Saṁvegasutta, and Phāsuvihārasutta — each restating the identical skeleton-perception-plus-awakening-factors claim with only its own named benefit changed. Yet the Pāli root's own closing numeral counts this entire six-part bundle as only “the first” topic of the vagga's own ten — confirming that this vagga's own topic count (ten) is independent of how many times the underlying sixfold benefit formula repeats within each topic.

A specific, named outcome for the not-yet-fully-free

The second of the six sub-suttas names a precise outcome: “enlightenment in this very life, or if there's residue left behind, non-return” — one of the more specific soteriological claims in this saṃyutta, naming exactly two possible outcomes rather than a vague spiritual benefit.

Key terms

aṭṭhikasaññā — “the perception of a skeleton” — a traditional charnel-ground meditation on the body's own bare bones, this vagga's own opening topic
mahapphalā... mahānisaṁsā — “very fruitful and beneficial” — the first of six named benefits, the claim shared by all ten topics of this vagga
diṭṭheva dhamme aññā, sati vā upādisese anāgāmitā — “enlightenment in this very life, or if there's residue left behind, non-return” — the specific twofold outcome named in the second of this discourse's own six bundled suttas
mahato yogakkhemāya... mahato saṁvegāya... mahato phāsuvihārāya — “great sanctuary from the yoke... great inspiration... dwelling in great ease” — three further named benefits, each its own separately titled ancient sutta
paṭhamaṁ — “the first” — the Pāli root's own closing numeral, counting this entire six-part bundle as only the vagga's own first of ten topics

The text

Every genuinely translated fragment across this discourse's own six bundled suttas. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

1. Very fruitful and beneficialAt Sāvatthī. “Mendicants, when the perception of a skeleton is developed and cultivated it’s very fruitful and beneficial. How so? It’s when a mendicant develops the perception of a skeleton together with the awakening factors of mindfulness, investigation of principles, energy, rapture, tranquility, immersion, and equanimity, which rely on seclusion, fading away, and cessation, and ripen as letting go. That’s how the perception of a skeleton, when developed and cultivated, is very fruitful and beneficial.”

2. One of two fruits“When the perception of a skeleton is developed and cultivated you can expect one of two results: enlightenment in this very life, or if there’s residue left behind, non-return. How so?…”

3. Great benefit“Mendicants, when the perception of a skeleton is developed and cultivated it leads to great benefit. How so?…”

4. Great sanctuary from the yoke“Mendicants, when the perception of a skeleton is developed and cultivated it leads to great sanctuary from the yoke. How so?…”

5. Great inspiration“Mendicants, when the perception of a skeleton is developed and cultivated it leads to great inspiration. How so?…”

6. Dwelling in great ease“Mendicants, when the perception of a skeleton is developed and cultivated it leads to dwelling in great ease. How so?…”

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Self-check quiz

3 questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 3
How many separately-titled ancient suttas does this single discourse bundle under one number?
Correct: A. Confirmed by direct reading of the root Pāli, each sub-sutta carrying its own separate title.
Question 2 of 3
What does the Pāli root's own closing numeral count this entire six-part bundle as?
Correct: A. Confirming this vagga's own topic count (ten) is independent of how many times the sixfold formula repeats.
Question 3 of 3
What specific twofold outcome does the second bundled sutta name?
Correct: A. One of this saṃyutta's own more precisely specified soteriological claims.
Answered 0 of 3 · Correct 0