Reading guide
Hell included among hell's own possible outcomes
This project's own reading: unlike SN 56.129-130's own confirmed omission of ghost-to-ghost rebirth from its own unfavorable set, this discourse keeps hell-to-hell rebirth within its own three named outcomes — a genuine asymmetry this project reports directly rather than smoothing into a single consistent rule the source itself does not follow uniformly.
Key terms
appakā te sattā ye nirayā cutā manussesu paccājāyanti — “the sentient beings who die in hell and are reborn as humans are few” — the rare category, giving this merged page its own title
nirayā cutā — “having died in hell” — this discourse's own starting point, the least favorable of the five destinations
niraye...tiracchānayoniyā...pettivisaye paccājāyanti — “reborn in hell, or the animal realm, or the ghost realm” — the three unfavorable destinations, here including hell itself again
pannarasamaṁ — “the fifteenth” — the root colophon's own numbering, confirming this merged file's own final discourse-number
…pe… — the elision marking, appearing between each named unfavorable destination
The text
Every genuinely translated fragment given in the consulted English source. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).
§1“… the sentient beings who die in hell and are reborn as humans are few, while those who die in hell and are reborn in hell, or the animal realm, or the ghost realm are many.”
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Self-check quiz
3 questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.
Question 1 of 3
What genuine asymmetry does this project's own reading identify in this discourse's own unfavorable set?
Correct: A. This project's own direct comparison, reporting an inconsistency in the source rather than smoothing over it.
Question 2 of 3
What does this discourse claim about escaping hell for a human rebirth?
Correct: A. Confirmed by direct reading — matching this vagga's own recurring comparative formula.
Question 3 of 3
How many discourse-numbers does this single merged page cover?
Correct: A. Confirmed by direct directory listing — matching this vagga's own recurring three-item merge pattern.