Saṃyutta Nikāya · Discourse 6.6

The Negligent Divinity

Brahmalokasutta

Setting
At Sāvatthī, then in a distant, unnamed realm of divinity
Speakers
The independent divinities Subrahmā and Suddhāvāsa, and a complacent, unnamed deity
Form
A rescue mission narrated in prose, resolved through an escalating contest of psychic display and a closing verse exchange
Length
~3 minutes to read
Northern parallel
A rough counterpart may exist in the Chinese Saṃyukta-āgama (T99), though this reading guide does not assert a specific matching sutra number
Difficulty
★★★☆☆ — a vivid narrative with a compact closing verse

Why this discourse

Not every deity in this saṃyutta needs correcting by the Buddha directly. Here two independent divinities, Subrahmā and Suddhāvāsa, notice while the Buddha is in retreat that another deity elsewhere is living negligently, absorbed in the success of his own realm, and decide between themselves to go rouse him rather than troubling the Buddha. What follows is an escalating, almost comic contest of psychic display — the complacent deity multiplying himself a thousand times, then Subrahmā doubling that figure — before the discourse pivots to its real point in four lines of verse: however brilliantly a palace shines, a clever person takes no pleasure in form, seeing the constant strife and trembling underneath its surface.

Reading guide

A rescue mission the Buddha never personally undertakes

Unlike SN 6.4 and SN 6.5, where the Buddha himself travels to correct a deity's wrong view, here two other divinities take the initiative entirely on their own, noticing the problem while the Buddha is simply in retreat and deciding between themselves to act — the correction of wrong view distributed beyond the Buddha alone.

Negligence framed as living too well, not living badly

The deity's fault isn't misconduct in any ordinary sense; his realm is ‘successful and prosperous’, and he is simply absorbed in that success, comfortable enough to feel no need to attend on the Buddha at all — negligence here meaning complacency, not vice.

A contest of scale that answers nothing by itself

When urged to visit the Buddha, the deity refuses and instead multiplies himself a thousand times to demonstrate his own power; Subrahmā responds by doubling that figure to two thousand, then pointing out that the Buddha's power exceeds them both — the display proving nothing on its own except that there is always a greater display possible.

A boast in verse, answered by a correction in verse

The deity's own verse, cataloguing his palace's imagery — phoenixes, swans, tigerhawks, its light reaching the northern quarter — is met not with a prose rebuke but with a matching verse, shifting register to meet the deity on his own poetic terms rather than simply lecturing him.

Strife and trembling underneath a shining surface

The closing line's image — seeing the strife in form, its chronic trembling — names precisely what the deity's pride overlooks: that even a magnificent, successful appearance is built on something unstable, a diagnosis the discourse trusts a single quatrain to deliver without further explanation.

Key terms

pamādavihāraṁ viharati — “living negligently” — the deity's described fault, complacency rather than misconduct.
sahassakkhattuṁ…dvisahassakkhattuṁ attānaṁ abhinimminitvā — “multiplied himself a thousand times…two thousand times” — the escalating contest of psychic display.
iddhānubhāva — “psychic power and might” — what each figure in turn asks the other to acknowledge seeing.
vimāna — “palace” — the deity's own shining mansion, the object of his verse of pride.
rūpe raṇaṁ disvā sadā pavedhitaṁ — “seeing the strife in form, its chronic trembling” — the closing verse's diagnosis, answering the deity's boast.

The text

The discourse in full. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

§1At Sāvatthī. Now at that time the Buddha had gone into retreat for the day’s meditation. Then the independent divinities Subrahmā and Suddhāvāsa went to the Buddha and stationed themselves one by each door-post. But Subrahmā said to Suddhāvāsa, “Good fellow, it’s the wrong time to pay homage to the Buddha. He has gone into retreat for the day’s meditation. But such and such realm of divinity is successful and prosperous, while the divinity living there is negligent. Come, let’s go to that realm of divinity and inspire awe in that Divinity!” “Yes, good fellow,” replied Suddhāvāsa.

§2Then, as easily as a strong person would extend or contract their arm, they vanished from in front of the Buddha and appeared in that realm of divinity. That divinity saw those divinities coming off in the distance and said to them, “Well now, good fellows, where have you come from?” “Good fellow, we’ve come from the presence of the Blessed One, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha. Shouldn’t you go to attend on that Blessed One?”

§3When they had spoken, that divinity refused to accept their advice. He multiplied himself a thousand times and said to Subrahmā, “Good fellow, can’t you see that I have such psychic power?” “I see that, good fellow.” “Since I have such psychic power and might, what other ascetic or brahmin should I go to and attend upon?”

§4Then Subrahmā multiplied himself two thousand times and said to that Divinity, “Good fellow, can’t you see that I have such psychic power?” “I see that, good fellow.” “That Buddha has even more psychic power and might than you or me. Shouldn’t you go to attend on that Blessed One?” Then that divinity addressed Subrahmā in verse:

§5“There are three hundreds of phoenixes, four of swans, and five of tigerhawks. To he who practiced absorption belongs this palace; it shines, Divinity, lighting up the northern quarter!”

§6“So what if your palace shines, lighting up the northern quarter? A clever person, seeing the strife in form, its chronic trembling, takes no pleasure in it.”

§7Then after inspiring awe in that divinity, the independent divinities Subrahmā and Suddhāvāsa vanished right there. And after some time that divinity went to attend on the Buddha.

· · ·

Self-check quiz

Ten questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 10
What prompts Subrahmā and Suddhāvāsa to act in this discourse?
Correct: A. Two divinities acting entirely on their own initiative.
Question 2 of 10
How is the deity's "negligence" described in this discourse?
Correct: A. Negligence here means complacency, not vice or misconduct.
Question 3 of 10
How does the deity respond when urged to visit the Buddha?
Correct: A. Demonstrating power in place of accepting the advice.
Question 4 of 10
How does Subrahmā respond to this display?
Correct: A. Escalating the contest before pointing out the Buddha's greater power.
Question 5 of 10
What does Subrahmā point out after this exchange of displays?
Correct: A. The contest proving only that a greater display is always possible.
Question 6 of 10
What does the deity boast of in his verse?
Correct: A. A palace whose light reaches the northern quarter, described in vivid imagery.
Question 7 of 10
How is the deity's boastful verse answered?
Correct: A. Meeting the deity on his own poetic terms rather than simply lecturing him.
Question 8 of 10
What does the closing verse say a clever person sees in form?
Correct: A. The diagnosis underlying the deity's pride in his shining palace.
Question 9 of 10
What does the deity do after being roused by this exchange?
Correct: A. The rescue mission's intended outcome, achieved after some time.
Question 10 of 10
Who are the two divinities who carry out this rescue mission?
Correct: A. Described in the text as independent divinities, acting together.
Answered 0 of 10 · Correct 0