Saṃyutta Nikāya · Discourse 9.10

Recitation

Sajjhāyasutta

Setting
A forest grove in the Kosalan lands
Speakers
An unnamed forest deity and an unnamed mendicant
Form
A change in behavior noticed and questioned, answered with a subtle teaching
Length
~2.5 minutes to read
Northern parallel
A rough counterpart may exist in the Chinese Saṃyukta-āgama (T99), though this reading guide does not assert a specific matching sutra number
Difficulty
★★★★☆ — the most doctrinally subtle discourse in this saṃyutta so far

Why this discourse

Every other correction in this saṃyutta addresses an obvious lapse — sleep, lust, gossip, excessive socializing. This discourse is different: the monk in question has stopped doing something that sounds entirely praiseworthy, reciting passages of the teaching, once something he did to excess and now abandoned for passivity and silence. The forest deity, missing the recitation it used to hear, questions the change directly, framing recitation as valuable for the confidence and praise it brings. The monk's answer doesn't defend his old habit or apologize for dropping it; it explains, in careful and layered language, that what he once pursued through recitation he has now reached by another route entirely, making the practice's original purpose already fulfilled.

Reading guide

A correction aimed at abandoning something praiseworthy

Unlike every other discourse in this saṃyutta, the deity's concern here isn't about a monk doing something wrong; it's about a monk who has stopped doing something that sounds entirely good — reciting the teaching — making this the collection's most ambiguous case of correction.

A history of excess, then a swing to silence

The discourse specifies that the monk previously recited ‘too much’, then later became passive and silent — a described swing between two extremes rather than a simple, single lapse.

Recitation valued for confidence and reputation, by the deity's own account

The deity's stated case for recitation is specific: hearing the teaching brings confidence, and doing so earns praise in this very life — practical, communal benefits rather than an abstract claim about recitation's inherent necessity.

An answer that neither defends nor apologizes

The monk doesn't argue that recitation was wrong, nor does he express regret for having stopped; he simply narrates a sequence — zealous devotion to the teaching's passages, until encountering dispassion — treating the change as a natural progression rather than a fault requiring justification.

A closing formula treating practice as something laid down, not lost

The verse's final line — that whatever is seen, heard, or thought is ‘laid down by complete understanding’ — frames the end of active recitation not as neglect but as the natural conclusion of a practice that has already accomplished what it set out to do.

Key terms

ativelaṁ sajjhāyabahulo viharati — “had previously been spending too much time rehearsing” — the monk's earlier, excessive devotion to recitation.
appossukko tuṇhībhūto saṅkasāyati — “adhered to passivity and silence” — his later, changed behavior that concerns the deity.
sutvāna dhammaṁ labhatippasādaṁ — “hearing the teaching, one garners confidence” — the deity's stated rationale for recitation's value.
ahu pure dhammapadesu chando, yāva virāgena samāgamimha — “I used to be zealous for passages of the teaching, until I encountered dispassion” — the monk's account of his own progression.
aññāya nikkhepanamāhu santo — “this, good people say, is the laying down by complete understanding” — the closing teaching reframing the end of practice as fulfillment, not neglect.

The text

The discourse in full. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

§1At one time one of the mendicants was staying in the land of the Kosalans in a certain forest grove. Now at that time that mendicant had previously been spending too much time rehearsing. But some time later they adhered to passivity and silence. Not hearing the teaching, the deity haunting that forest approached that mendicant, and addressed them in verse:

§2“Mendicant, why don’t you recite passages of the teaching, living together with other mendicants? Hearing the teaching, one garners confidence; and in this very life, one garners praise.”

§3“I used to be zealous for passages of the teaching, until I encountered dispassion. When I encountered dispassion, whatever was seen, heard, and thought, this, good people say, is the laying down by complete understanding.”

· · ·

Self-check quiz

Ten questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 10
How does this discourse's concern differ from most others in this saṃyutta?
Correct: A. The most ambiguous case of correction in this saṃyutta.
Question 2 of 10
What pattern does the discourse describe in the monk's behavior over time?
Correct: A. A swing between two extremes, not a single simple lapse.
Question 3 of 10
What benefit does the deity claim recitation provides?
Correct: A. Practical, communal benefits rather than an abstract necessity claim.
Question 4 of 10
How does the monk respond to the deity's question?
Correct: A. Narrating a natural progression rather than defending or apologizing.
Question 5 of 10
What does the closing line say happens to what is "seen, heard, and thought"?
Correct: A. Framing the change as fulfillment of purpose, not simple neglect.
Question 6 of 10
How does this discourse frame the end of the monk's active recitation?
Correct: A. Progression rather than fault.
Question 7 of 10
What word describes the state the monk says he "encountered"?
Correct: A. The pivotal turning point in his account of his own practice.
Question 8 of 10
Why does the deity approach the monk in this discourse?
Correct: A. A change noticed through its own absence, not reported wrongdoing.
Question 9 of 10
How does this discourse's difficulty compare to others in this saṃyutta, according to this reading guide?
Correct: A. A genuinely layered teaching about practice and its fulfillment.
Question 10 of 10
Where does this discourse take place?
Correct: A. The same general setting as most discourses in this saṃyutta.
Answered 0 of 10 · Correct 0