Theragatha · 3.3

Bākula

Bākula — The Book of the Threes · Chapter One · Poem 3 of 16

Setting
General teaching, not autobiography, without a translated attribution
Speaker
Bākula, teaching on procrastination, honesty, and extinguishment
Form
Three four-line verses — a warning about delay, a rule about speech, and a declaration of nibbāna's bliss
Length
under 1 minute to read
Northern parallel
This reading guide does not assert a specific matching text for this poem in other Buddhist literatures.
Difficulty
★☆☆☆☆ — plain, gnomic instruction

Why this text

Bākula teaches, not testifies: whoever puts off what should be done now loses the causes for happiness and is later tormented by regret; one should only say what one will do; and extinguishment, as the Buddha taught it, is sorrowless, stainless, secure, where suffering ceases.

Reading guide

A teaching, not a personal report

Like Thag 2.42 (Dhammapāla) and a handful of poems in the Book of the Ones, this poem does not report the speaker's own attainment directly. Instead it opens with a general observation about procrastination — ‘whoever wishes to do afterwards what they should have done before has lost the causes for happiness’ — before turning to a rule about speech and, only in its third verse, to Bākula's own voice praising extinguishment.

Say only what you will do

The second verse states a simple discipline of honesty: ‘you should only say what you would do; you shouldn't say what you wouldn't do’, adding that the wise will recognize ‘one who talks without doing’ — a warning less about outright lying than about the gap between word and follow-through.

A name that may match a famous, unillness'd life

This site's own MN 124 (With Bakkula) tells of a ninety-year-old monk questioned about a lifetime of extreme austerity, including eighty years without a single illness, ending in a death announced in advance. No comment on this specific poem confirms the identification, but ‘Bākula’ is distinctive enough — unlike common names such as Kassapa or Tissa — that this reading guide treats the two as plausibly the same monk, in the same cautious spirit as its treatment of Nanda and Mogharāja elsewhere in this collection.

Key terms

karaṇīyāni — “what should be done” — the tasks the opening verse warns against putting off.
manutappati — “tormented by regrets” — the consequence of habitual delay.
akarontaṁ bhāsamānaṁ — “one who talks without doing” — who the wise are said to recognize.
nibbānaṁ — “extinguishment” — declared, in the closing verse, sorrowless, stainless, and secure.
yattha dukkhaṁ nirujjhati — “where suffering all ceases” — the poem's final description of nibbāna.

The text

The text in full: three verses, with no separate attribution line in this chapter. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

§1Whoever wishes to do afterwards what they should have done before has lost the causes for happiness, and afterwards they’re tormented by regrets.

§2You should only say what you would do; you shouldn’t say what you wouldn’t do. The wise will recognize one who talks without doing.

§3Oh! Extinguishment is so very blissful, as taught by the fully awakened Buddha: sorrowless, stainless, secure, where suffering all ceases.

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Self-check quiz

Ten questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 10
What does this poem do, unlike most declarations in this collection?
Correct: A. Joining Thag 2.42 and a handful of Book of the Ones poems in this teaching genre.
Question 2 of 10
What does the first verse warn about?
Correct: B. Loses the causes for happiness, tormented afterward by regret.
Question 3 of 10
What rule does the second verse state about speech?
Correct: C. A discipline about the gap between word and follow-through.
Question 4 of 10
How does the third verse describe extinguishment?
Correct: D. As taught by the fully awakened Buddha.
Question 5 of 10
What already-translated poem on this site may feature the same Bākula?
Correct: A. A ninety-year-old monk remembered for eighty years without illness.
Question 6 of 10
Is the identification with MN 124's Bakkula confirmed by a comment on this poem?
Correct: B. Treated with the same caution as this collection's other signature-name cases.
Question 7 of 10
What does 'akarontaṁ bhāsamānaṁ' mean?
Correct: A. Who the wise are said to recognize.
Question 8 of 10
What is said to be lost by habitual delay?
Correct: B. Sukhā so dhaṁsate ṭhānā.
Question 9 of 10
Whose teaching does the poem credit for its description of extinguishment?
Correct: C. Sammāsambuddhadesitaṁ.
Question 10 of 10
Where does this poem fall in the Book of the Threes?
Correct: D. Following Aṅgaṇikabhāradvāja and Paccaya.
Answered 0 of 10 · Correct 0