Therigatha · 5.9

Bhaddā of the Curly Hair

Bhaddā Kuṇḍalakesā — The Book of the Fives · Poem 9 of 12

Setting
Vulture's Peak Mountain, then decades of wandering across several kingdoms
Speaker
Three voices: Bhaddā's own retrospective account, her account of ordination and travels, then an outside voice praising a donor
Form
Five four-line verses
Length
under 1 minute to read
Northern parallel
This reading guide does not assert a specific matching text for this poem in other Buddhist literatures.
Difficulty
★★★★☆ — shifts voice twice, closing on a stranger's praise for someone other than the speaker

Why this text

This poem opens with unusually harsh self-judgment about a life before the Buddha's path — ‘I saw fault where there was none, and was blind to the actual fault’ — then narrates an on-the-spot ordination echoing the earliest days of the monastic order, decades of extensive wandering, and closes with a voice that is not Bhaddā's own, praising a stranger's generosity toward her.

Reading guide

A former ascetic's harsh verdict on herself

‘My hair mown off, covered in mud, I used to wander wearing just one robe’ describes a life of austere practice outside the Buddha's path, judged afterward without sympathy: ‘I saw fault where there was none, and was blind to the actual fault’.

An ordination echoing the earliest days of the order

‘“Come Bhaddā,” he said; that was my ordination’ uses the same simple formula as the Buddha's very first ordinations, ‘come, monk’ — Bhikkhu Sujato's own note on this line observes that ‘ehi’, ‘come’, was itself a recognized sign of respect.

Fifty years, named across five regions

‘I've wandered among the Aṅgans and Magadhans, the Vajjis, Kāsis, and Kosalans... free of debt for fifty years’ gives her subsequent life a scale and geographic specificity unusual in this collection, five named regions across five decades.

A stranger's voice, closing the poem

The final verse shifts away from Bhaddā's own voice entirely: ‘that lay follower is so very wise... he gave a robe to Bhaddā, who is released from all ties’ — an outside voice, like Thig 3.6's praise of Sukkā, but here praising not the nun herself, only the donor who supported her.

Key terms

Bhaddā Kuṇḍalakesā — “Bhaddā of the Curly Hair” — this poem's speaker for most of its verses, formerly a wandering ascetic outside the Buddha's path.
vajje cāvajjadassinī — “blind to the actual fault” — her own harsh verdict on her former practice, paired with seeing ‘fault where there was none’.
ehi bhadde — “Come, Bhaddā” — the Buddha's ordination formula for her, echoing the earliest ordinations in the monastic order.
raṭṭhapiṇḍa — “the almsfood of the nations” — describing her decades of wandering across several named kingdoms, free of debt.
gantha — “ties” or bonds — named in this poem's closing verse as what Bhaddā is entirely released from, spoken by a voice other than her own.

The text

The text in full: five verses, shifting voice twice. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

§1My hair mown off, covered in mud, I used to wander wearing just one robe. I saw fault where there was none, and was blind to the actual fault.

§2Leaving my day’s meditation on Vulture’s Peak Mountain, I saw the stainless Buddha at the fore of the mendicant Saṅgha.

§3I bent my knee and bowed, and in his presence raised my cupped palms. “Come Bhaddā,” he said; that was my ordination.

§4“I’ve wandered among the Aṅgans and Magadhans, the Vajjis, Kāsis, and Kosalans. I have eaten the almsfood of the nations free of debt for fifty years.”

§5“O! He has made so much merit! That lay follower is so very wise. He gave a robe to Bhaddā, who is released from all ties.”

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Self-check quiz

Ten questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 10
How does the poem describe Bhaddā's appearance during her earlier ascetic life?
Correct: A. A specific, austere image of her former practice.
Question 2 of 10
How does the poem judge that earlier life?
Correct: D. An unusually harsh self-verdict on her prior practice.
Question 3 of 10
What words does the Buddha use to ordain her, on the spot?
Correct: B. Echoing the same simple formula used in the Buddha's very first ordinations.
Question 4 of 10
According to Sujato's own note, what did the word 'ehi', 'come', signify in this context?
Correct: A. Cited from a Vedic-era source in the guide's discussion of this line.
Question 5 of 10
Across how many named regions does the poem say she wandered over fifty years?
Correct: B. A scale and geographic specificity unusual in this collection.
Question 6 of 10
Whose voice speaks in this poem's final verse?
Correct: D. A shift away from Bhaddā's own first-person account entirely.
Question 7 of 10
What does the poem's final verse actually praise?
Correct: B. Praise directed at the donor, not at Bhaddā's own realization.
Question 8 of 10
How does this poem's closing voice-shift compare to Thig 3.6's Sukkā?
Correct: C. A related but distinct use of an outside, praising voice.
Question 9 of 10
What does 'gantha' mean, as used in this poem's closing verse?
Correct: A. Named by the outside voice that closes the poem.
Question 10 of 10
What position does this poem hold in the Book of the Fives?
Correct: C. Following Thig 5.8, continuing the Book of the Fives.
Answered 0 of 10 · Correct 0