Udāna · Ud 6.10

Arising

Uppajjantisutta

Setting
Near Sāvatthī, Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s monastery
Speakers
Venerable Ānanda and the Buddha
Form
A observation from Ānanda, confirmed by the Buddha, then a two-stanza verse
Length
~2 minutes to read
Position
The closing sutta of Chapter 6, the Jaccandhavagga
Difficulty
★★☆☆☆ — clear in argument, memorable in image

Why this heartfelt saying

The final sutta of this chapter returns, one more time, to the standing of “wanderers of other religions” — the same figures disputed over in Ud 6.4, 6.5, and 6.6 — but from a different angle entirely: not what they believe, but what happens to their reputation once a Buddha appears in the world. The chapter closes on one of the Udāna’s clearest images, a glow-worm eclipsed by the rising sun.

Reading guide

Ānanda’s observation

This is one of the few suttas in this chapter where a specific named companion, rather than a report from anonymous mendicants, opens the exchange. Ānanda approaches the Buddha and lays out a contrast in careful, formulaic detail: so long as no Buddha has arisen in the world, wanderers of other religions are “honored, respected, revered, venerated, and esteemed,” and receive robes, almsfood, lodging, and medicine. But once a Realized One does arise, that same honor and support shifts entirely — “now only the Buddha is honored” and provided for.

“That’s so true, Ānanda”

The Buddha doesn’t soften or complicate the observation; he confirms it almost word for word, repeating Ānanda’s own formula back with one addition — the honor and support now goes not only to the Realized One but “the mendicant Saṅgha” as well. There is no hedging here about whether this shift is fair to the other wanderers, and no suggestion that the Buddha finds the situation uncomfortable to state plainly. The sutta simply confirms, twice over, that this is how it goes.

The glow-worm and the sun

The verse that follows gives the observation its enduring image: “The glow-worm shines so long as the beacon of the sun does not rise. But when the sun has come up, that light is erased and shines no more.” The comparison isn’t a claim that the glow-worm’s light was ever fake — only that it is real within a limited range, a light that made sense in the dark and is simply outmatched, not extinguished, once something far brighter appears.

“Not purified… not freed from suffering”

The second stanza applies the image directly: “So too the sophists shine bright so long as the Buddhas don’t arise in the world. The sophists are not purified, nor are their disciples. Having bad views, they are not freed from suffering.” This final line moves past the question of social standing — which was Ānanda’s original observation — into a stronger claim about the actual effect of “bad views”: not just diminished reputation, but the absence of freedom from suffering, for teachers and disciples alike.

Closing the chapter

As the final sutta of the Jaccandhavagga, Ud 6.10 returns one last time to a question this chapter has circled from several directions — how wanderers of other religions are perceived and evaluated — and closes not with a parable or a dispute, but with the simplest image in the set: light, in its place, eclipsed by a greater light.

Key terms

sakkatā garukatā — “honored, respected” — part of the fivefold formula (also “revered, venerated, and esteemed”) Ānanda uses to describe how other religious wanderers are treated before a Buddha arises in the world.
tathāgata — “the Realized One,” the term both Ānanda and the Buddha use throughout for a fully awakened Buddha, whose arising is said to change this pattern of respect.
takkika — rendered “sophists” in the closing verse — those whose reasoning shines only in the absence of a Buddha’s teaching.
pabhaṅkara — “the beacon,” the verse’s name for the sun in the simile of the glow-worm outshone once it rises.
duddiṭṭhī — “having bad views” — named in the verse’s final line as the reason the sophists and their disciples, unlike the Buddha’s community, are not freed from suffering.

The text

The discourse in full: Ānanda’s observation, the Buddha’s confirmation, and the closing two-stanza verse. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

§1So I have heard. At one time the Buddha was staying near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s monastery. Then Venerable Ānanda went up to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and said to him:

§2“Sir, so long as the Realized Ones, the perfected ones, the fully awakened Buddhas do not arise in the world, the wanderers of other religions are honored, respected, revered, venerated, and esteemed. And they receive robes, almsfood, lodgings, and medicines and supplies for the sick. But when the Realized Ones do arise in the world, the wanderers of other religions are no longer honored, respected, revered, venerated, and esteemed. And they do not receive robes, almsfood, lodgings, and medicines and supplies for the sick. Now only the Buddha is honored, respected, revered, venerated, and esteemed. And he receives robes, almsfood, lodgings, and medicines and supplies for the sick.”

§3“That’s so true, Ānanda. So long as the Realized Ones do not arise in the world, the wanderers of other religions are honored, respected, revered, venerated, and esteemed. And they receive robes, almsfood, lodgings, and medicines and supplies for the sick. But when the Realized Ones do arise in the world, the wanderers of other religions are no longer honored in this way. Now only the Realized One is honored, respected, revered, venerated, and esteemed. And he receives robes, almsfood, lodgings, and medicines and supplies for the sick. And so does the mendicant Saṅgha.”

§4Then, understanding this matter, on that occasion the Buddha expressed this heartfelt sentiment:

§5“The glow-worm shines so long as the beacon of the sun does not rise. But when the sun has come up, that light is erased and shines no more.

§6So too the sophists shine bright so long as the Buddhas don’t arise in the world. The sophists are not purified, nor are their disciples. Having bad views, they are not freed from suffering.”

· · ·

Self-check quiz

Ten questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 10
Who opens this sutta by raising an observation with the Buddha?
Correct: C. Ānanda approaches, bows, sits to one side, and states his observation directly.
Question 2 of 10
According to Ānanda, how are wanderers of other religions treated before a Buddha arises in the world?
Correct: A. Ānanda lists this in careful, formulaic detail, including that they receive robes, almsfood, lodging, and medicine.
Question 3 of 10
What does Ānanda say changes once a Realized One arises in the world?
Correct: D. This shift in social and material standing is the core of Ānanda’s observation.
Question 4 of 10
How does the Buddha respond to Ānanda’s observation?
Correct: B. “That’s so true, Ānanda” — the Buddha repeats the formula back with one addition.
Question 5 of 10
What image does the closing verse use for this pattern?
Correct: C. The glow-worm’s light is real but limited, and is eclipsed rather than extinguished by the sun.
Question 6 of 10
What term does the verse use for the other teachers, translated “sophists”?
Correct: A. Takkika is glossed here as “sophists” — those whose reasoning shines chiefly in the absence of a Buddha’s teaching.
Question 7 of 10
What stronger claim does the verse’s final line make, beyond social standing?
Correct: D. This moves past reputation into an explicit claim about liberation.
Question 8 of 10
What position does this sutta occupy within Chapter 6?
Correct: B. Ud 6.10 is the tenth and final sutta of this chapter.
Question 9 of 10
Does the glow-worm image suggest the other teachers’ light was ever fake, according to the reading guide?
Correct: A. The reading guide draws this distinction directly from the image itself.
Question 10 of 10
What theme connects this sutta back to Ud 6.4, 6.5, and 6.6?
Correct: C. Where 6.4–6.6 focused on disputed doctrines, this sutta focuses on social and material standing.
Answered 0 of 10 · Correct 0