Udāna · Discourse 7.9

The Well

Udapānasutta

Setting
Thūṇa, a brahmin town of the Mallas, while the Buddha is wandering with a large Saṅgha
Occasion
Hostile townspeople block the local well; the Buddha sends Ānanda three times, and the blockage clears on its own
Form
A full narrative with dialogue and an event of psychic power, closed by a four-line inspired utterance (udāna)
Length
~2 minutes to read
Narrative frame
Unusually prominent among this chapter’s discourses — a real conflict, a named place, a described miracle
Difficulty
★★☆☆☆ — the story is vivid and easy to follow; the closing verse’s point is the subtler part

Why this discourse, hostility and a well that clears itself

Most of this chapter’s discourses are quiet, almost plotless scenes. This one is not. The brahmins and householders of Thūṇa, hearing the Buddha is coming, deliberately fill their well with grass and hay to deny his mendicants water. What follows is a small, understated story of persistence and unexplained event — and a closing verse that, remarkably, treats the whole episode as almost beside the point.

Reading guide

The teaching in one sentence

A hostile town blocks the local well against the Buddha's mendicants, the blockage clears on Ānanda's third approach, and the Buddha's response to the whole episode is a verse that pointedly changes the subject — from water and wells to a thirst that has already, permanently, been satisfied.

A named place, a real conflict

Unlike most of this chapter, this discourse gives real geographic and social specifics: the Buddha is “wandering in the land of the Mallas,” arrives at “a brahmin town of the Mallas named Thūṇa,” and the townspeople, on hearing of his approach, respond not with hospitality but with a specific, deliberate obstruction — filling the town well “with grass and hay right to the top” so that, in their own words, “these shavelings, these fake ascetics” cannot drink. The text records their hostility in their own voice, without softening it, giving this discourse an edge of real social conflict rare elsewhere in the collection.

Three requests

The Buddha's response is understated to the point of anticlimax: he simply leaves the road, sits at the root of a tree, and asks Ānanda three separate times to fetch water from the very well Ānanda has just explained is deliberately blocked. Ānanda's own hesitation is preserved in the text — he explains the problem plainly after the first request — yet the Buddha repeats the same request twice more without any further explanation of why. Only on the third instruction does Ānanda comply, taking his bowl and going.

Cleared, without explanation

What happens next is described but not explained: “as he approached the well, all the grass and hay erupted out of the well-mouth,” leaving the water “transparent, unclouded, and clear right up to the top, seeming to overflow.” The text does not say how, or attribute the event to any specific cause beyond Ānanda's own exclamation afterward: “the Realized One has such psychic power and might!” This is offered as Ānanda's interpretation, stated twice — once to himself, once to the Buddha — rather than as a narrated fact the text asserts independently.

A verse that changes the subject

Ānanda returns triumphant, urging the Buddha to drink the water he worked to secure — and the Buddha's response, in verse, sidesteps the whole triumph: “what difference would a well make if water is there all the time? Having cut off craving at the root, who would go out on a quest?” The verse does not comment on the psychic feat, the town's hostility, or even confirm whether the Buddha drinks. It simply observes that anyone whose thirst — craving, not literal water — has already been cut off at the root has no quest left to go on, no well left to need. The episode’s drama, on this reading, was never really about the well at all.

Key terms

Thūṇa — a brahmin town of the Mallas where this discourse’s events take place, named specifically rather than left as a generic setting.
“shavelings, fake ascetics” — the derogatory terms the townspeople use for the Buddha’s mendicants, preserved directly in the text rather than paraphrased.
iddhi (psychic power) — the capacity Ānanda attributes to the Buddha after the well clears itself; the text presents this as Ānanda’s own exclamation, not as an independently asserted narration of cause.
taṇhāya mūlaṁ chetvā (having cut off craving at the root) — the verse’s central phrase, echoing the plant imagery of Ud 7.6, describing a thirst that requires no further seeking.
udapāna (well) — the discourse’s namesake image, ultimately used by the closing verse to make a point about something other than literal water.

The text

The discourse in full — a narrative with dialogue and an unexplained event, closed by a four-line inspired utterance. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

A well deliberately blocked

§1So I have heard. At one time the Buddha was wandering in the land of the Mallas together with a large Saṅgha of mendicants when he arrived at a brahmin town of the Mallas named Thūṇa. The brahmins and householders of Thūṇa heard: “It seems the ascetic Gotama—a Sakyan, gone forth from a Sakyan family—while wandering in the land of the Mallas has arrived at Thūṇa, together with a large Saṅgha of mendicants.” They filled the well with grass and hay right to the top, thinking, “Don’t let these shavelings, these fake ascetics drink the water.”

Three requests

§2And then the Buddha left the road, went to the root of a tree, and sat down on the seat spread out. When he was seated he said to Venerable Ānanda: “Go on then, Ānanda, fetch me some water from that well.”

§3When he said this, Venerable Ānanda said to the Buddha, “Just now, sir, the brahmins and householders of Thūṇa filled the well with grass and hay right to the top, thinking, ‘Don’t let these shavelings, these fake ascetics drink the water.’”

§4For a second time, and for a third time, the Buddha said to Ānanda: “Go on then, Ānanda, fetch me some water from that well.” “Yes, sir,” replied Ānanda. Taking his bowl he went to the well. As he approached the well, all the grass and hay erupted out of the well-mouth. The water stood transparent, unclouded, and clear right up to the top, seeming to overflow.

A well cleared, and a verse that changes the subject

§5Then Venerable Ānanda thought, “Oh lord, how incredible, how amazing! The Realized One has such psychic power and might! For when I approached this well, all the grass and hay erupted out of the well-mouth. The water stood transparent, unclouded, and clear right up to the top, seeming to overflow.” Gathering a bowl of drinking water he went back to the Buddha, and said to him, “It’s incredible, sir, it’s amazing! The Realized One has such psychic power and might! For when I approached that well, all the grass and hay erupted out of the well-mouth. The water stood transparent, unclouded, and clear right up to the top, seeming to overflow. Drink the water, Blessed One! Drink the water, Holy One!”

§6Then, understanding this matter, on that occasion the Buddha expressed this heartfelt sentiment:

The verse

§7“What difference would a well make
if water is there all the time?
Having cut off craving at the root,
who would go out on a quest?”

· · ·

Self-check quiz

Ten questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 10
Where does this discourse take place?
Correct: C. This is one of the few discourses in this chapter with a specifically named location outside Sāvatthī.
Question 2 of 10
Why do the townspeople of Thūṇa fill the well with grass and hay?
Correct: B. The text preserves the townspeople's hostile language directly.
Question 3 of 10
How many times does the Buddha ask Ānanda to fetch water from the blocked well?
Correct: D. Only on the third instruction does Ānanda comply and go to the well.
Question 4 of 10
What happens when Ānanda approaches the well?
Correct: A. The text describes this event but does not explain its cause.
Question 5 of 10
Who first attributes this event to the Buddha's psychic power?
Correct: C. The reading guide notes this is presented as Ānanda's interpretation, not an independently narrated fact.
Question 6 of 10
What does Ānanda urge the Buddha to do after bringing the water back?
Correct: B. Ānanda repeats his amazed report and urges the Buddha to drink.
Question 7 of 10
What does the closing verse actually address — the well and the psychic feat, or something else?
Correct: D. The reading guide calls this a verse that "changes the subject."
Question 8 of 10
What does "having cut off craving at the root" echo from earlier in this chapter?
Correct: A. Both discourses use root-based botanical imagery to describe complete eradication of craving.
Question 9 of 10
Does the text explicitly say the Buddha drinks the water Ānanda brings?
Correct: C. The reading guide notes the verse does not confirm whether the Buddha drinks.
Question 10 of 10
How does this discourse's narrative style compare to most others in this chapter, according to the reading guide?
Correct: B. Most discourses in this chapter are much quieter, without named places or extended dialogue.
Answered 0 of 10 · Correct 0