Aṅguttara Nikāya · Discourse 5.156

The Decline of the True Teaching (3rd)

Tatiyasaddhammasammosasutta — Saddhammavagga — the sixteenth chapter of the Fives

Setting
None stated; the discourse continues from AN 5.1, whose setting at Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove is understood to hold
Speakers
The Buddha alone, addressing the mendicants
Form
two paired five-item lists, closing this three-discourse trio
Length
~1.5 minutes to read
Northern parallel
not identified in this collection
Difficulty
★★☆☆☆ — the trio's most serious and varied list

Why this discourse

The fullest of the three decline-discourses, naming textual corruption, a difficult-to-teach temperament, the death of unreplaced senior scholars, leadership by indulgence rather than example, and finally Saṅgha schism — the same institutional-decline concern raised at AN 5.79 and dramatized at AN 5.88, now given its most complete five-factor treatment.

Reading guide

Misremembered words, distorted meaning

The first item: mendicants memorize a discourse incorrectly, with misplaced words and phrases, so that the meaning itself is misinterpreted — textual corruption at its source, distinct from AN 5.154–155's concern with neglecting transmission altogether.

Hard to admonish

The second: mendicants who are hard to admonish, impatient, and unwilling to receive instruction respectfully — a temperament that blocks correction even when errors are caught.

Cut off at the root

The third, and perhaps the most poignant: the most learned mendicants not carefully making others recite what they know, so that when they die, those discourses are ‘cut off at the root, with no one to preserve them’ — a stark image of irrecoverable loss.

Leadership by example, or its absence

The fourth: senior mendicants who are indulgent and slack, so that others imitate them (diṭṭhānugati — the same imitation mechanism named at AN 5.79 and AN 5.88, cited verbatim here).

Schism, and its cost to confidence

The fifth: schism in the Saṅgha, with members abusing, insulting, excluding, and forsaking one another — undermining confidence not only among outsiders but even among some who remain within the community. Cross-ref AN 5.79's abstract warning about schism and AN 5.88's single personified case; this discourse gives the fullest institutional mechanism of the three.

Key terms

dunnikkhittañca padabyañjanaṁ — “incorrectly placed words and phrases” — textual corruption distorting meaning.
dubbaco — “hard to admonish” — a temperament resistant to correction.
samūlaṁ pana taṁ suttantaṁ chinnaṁ bhavati appaṭisaraṇaṁ — “cut off at the root, with no one to preserve it” — describing a discourse lost when its sole knowledgeable holder dies.
diṭṭhānugati āpajjanti — “fall into imitation” — followers copying senior mendicants' laxity, the same mechanism named at AN 5.79 and AN 5.88.
saṅghabheda — “schism in the Saṅgha” — this discourse's final and most severe item.

The text

The discourse in full: five causes of the true teaching's decline, from textual corruption to schism. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

Causing the true teaching's decline

§1“Mendicants, these five things lead to the decline and disappearance of the true teaching. What five? It’s when the mendicants memorize discourses that they learned incorrectly, with misplaced words and phrases. When the words and phrases are misplaced, the meaning is misinterpreted. This is the first thing that leads to the decline and disappearance of the true teaching. Furthermore, the mendicants are hard to admonish, having qualities that make them hard to admonish. They’re impatient, and don’t take instruction respectfully. This is the second thing … Furthermore, the mendicants who are very learned—inheritors of the heritage, who have memorized the teachings, the monastic law, and the outlines—don’t carefully make others recite the discourses. When they pass away, the discourses are cut off at the root, with no-one to preserve them. This is the third thing … Furthermore, the senior mendicants are indulgent and slack, leaders in backsliding, neglecting seclusion, not rousing energy for attaining the unattained, achieving the unachieved, and realizing the unrealized. Those who come after them follow their example. They too are indulgent and slack … This is the fourth thing … Furthermore, there’s a schism in the Saṅgha. When the Saṅgha is split, they abuse, insult, block, and forsake each other. This doesn’t inspire confidence in those without it, and it causes some with confidence to change their minds. This is the fifth thing that leads to the decline and disappearance of the true teaching. These five things lead to the decline and disappearance of the true teaching.

Sustaining the true teaching

§2These five things lead to the continuation, persistence, and enduring of the true teaching. What five? It’s when the mendicants memorize discourses that have been learned correctly, with well placed words and phrases. When the words and phrases are well organized, the meaning is correctly interpreted. This is the first thing that leads to the continuation, persistence, and enduring of the true teaching. Furthermore, the mendicants are easy to admonish, having qualities that make them easy to admonish. They’re patient, and take instruction respectfully. This is the second thing … Furthermore, the mendicants who are very learned—inheritors of the heritage, who have memorized the teachings, the monastic law, and the outlines—carefully make others recite the discourses. When they pass away, the discourses aren’t cut off at the root, and they have someone to preserve them. This is the third thing … Furthermore, the senior mendicants are not indulgent and slack, leaders in backsliding, neglecting seclusion. They rouse energy for attaining the unattained, achieving the unachieved, and realizing the unrealized. Those who come after them follow their example. They too are not indulgent or slack … This is the fourth thing … Furthermore, the Saṅgha lives comfortably, in harmony, appreciating each other, without dispute, with one recitation. When the Saṅgha is in harmony, they don’t abuse, insult, block, or forsake each other. This inspires confidence in those without it, and increases confidence in those who have it. This is the fifth thing that leads to the continuation, persistence, and enduring of the true teaching. These five things lead to the continuation, persistence, and enduring of the true teaching.”

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Self-check quiz

Ten questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 10
What is the first cause of decline this discourse names?
Correct: A. Textual corruption at its source.
Question 2 of 10
What does 'cut off at the root, with no one to preserve it' describe?
Correct: A. The third item, on unreplaced senior scholars.
Question 3 of 10
What does 'diṭṭhānugati āpajjanti' mean, and where else has it appeared?
Correct: A. The same imitation mechanism, cited verbatim from earlier discourses.
Question 4 of 10
What is the fifth and final cause of decline named here?
Correct: A. Members abusing, insulting, excluding, and forsaking one another.
Question 5 of 10
Whose confidence does Saṅgha schism undermine, according to this discourse?
Correct: A. A cost extending beyond the immediate parties.
Question 6 of 10
How does this discourse relate to AN 5.79 and AN 5.88 on the topic of schism?
Correct: A. The third and most complete treatment of this recurring concern.
Question 7 of 10
What does 'dubbaco' describe?
Correct: A. The second cause of decline.
Question 8 of 10
How many total causes of decline does this discourse name?
Correct: A. Textual corruption, hard-to-admonish temperament, unreplaced scholars, senior laxity, and schism.
Question 9 of 10
Why is this discourse called the trio's fullest treatment?
Correct: A. The most varied and serious of the three decline-discourses.
Question 10 of 10
What discourse immediately follows, shifting from institutional decline to conversational tact?
Correct: A. Reusing the saddhā/sīla/suta/cāga/paññā pentad in a new context.
Answered 0 of 10 · Correct 0