Cariyapitaka · Story 15

The Buffalo King’s Conduct

Mahisa Cariyā — The Chapter on an Elephant · The Perfection of Ethics (5th of 10)

Setting
No external narrative frame; the Buddha speaks in the first person about his past life as a large forest buffalo
Speaker
The Buddha, recounting his life as the buffalo, with a brief exchange between him and a spirit
Form
Eleven four-line verses of first-person narration
Length
1–2 minutes to read
Northern parallel
This reading guide does not assert a specific matching text for this story in other Buddhist literatures.
Difficulty
★★☆☆☆ — a plain story with a notably practical argument at its center

Why this text

A monkey repeatedly soils a resting buffalo — not once, but day after day — while a spirit watching from nearby urges the buffalo to simply kill him. What makes this story distinctive is not the restraint alone but the buffalo's reasoning: partly principled, and partly a cold calculation about what will happen to the monkey regardless.

Reading guide

Provocation repeated, not sudden

Unlike a single dramatic threat, this story's provocation is prolonged: the monkey soils the buffalo's shoulder, forehead, and eyebrows ‘not just that day, but a second, a third, and a fourth’, an ongoing harassment rather than a single insult.

A spirit's advice, refused

A spirit watching the harassment tells the buffalo directly to kill the monkey with his horns and hooves. The buffalo's reply reframes the question: acting on the anger would mean ‘degrading himself’ and violating his ethics — the monkey's wrongdoing does not license the buffalo's own.

A striking line about dying clean

The buffalo states his position plainly: ‘better to die from purity than live in shame’, followed by a direct question — ‘how could I, for the sake of life, harm another?’ — treating his own survival as something that does not automatically outweigh causing harm.

A prediction, not just a principle

The buffalo's reasoning is not purely idealistic: he predicts that the monkey will go on to treat others the same way, and someone else will eventually kill him for it — a practical expectation that the monkey's own behavior will catch up with him, without the buffalo needing to be the one to enact it.

Key terms

sīla — “ethics” or “precepts” — the perfection this story illustrates, the fifth of ten stories on this theme.
devatā — “spirit” or “deity” — the figure who watches the monkey's harassment and urges the buffalo to retaliate.
khanti — “patience” — not one of the perfections given its own dedicated story in this particular collection, though this story's endurance of repeated provocation closely resembles it.
cariyā — “conduct” — this collection's title, and the word used for each of its thirty-five stories, this one its fifteenth.
puñña — “merit” — not named directly in this text, but the implicit stake behind the buffalo's closing claim that ‘the wise one gains their heart's desire’ through forgiving disrespect.

The text

The text in full: eleven verses, including the spirit's advice and the buffalo's reply. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

§1“Then again when I was a buffalo who roamed the forest, large in body and strong, big and scary to see.

§2In a cave, a craggy hillside, at a tree root or a waterhole, there’d be somewhere for buffalos, in one place or another.

§3Wandering the mighty forest, I saw a fine spot. Having gone there, I stood and lay to rest.

§4Then a monkey came along, wicked, ignoble, and nimble. On my shoulder, forehead, and eyebrows, he peed and pooed.

§5Not just that day, but a second, a third, and a fourth; he soiled me all the time, he was harrying me.

§6Seeing me being harried, a spirit said to me: ‘Kill that vile, wicked thing with your horns and hooves.’

§7When he spoke, I said this to that spirit: ‘Why would you smear me with a wicked, ignoble carcass?

§8If I were upset with him I would degrade myself, violating my ethics, and being criticized by sensible people.

§9Better to die from purity than live in shame. How could I, for the sake of life, harm another?’

§10Thinking of me, this one will do the same to others, and for that they will kill him. Then I shall be free.

§11Forgiving disrespect from the low, middle and high, the wise one gains their heart’s desire.”

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Self-check quiz

Ten questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 10
How does the monkey's provocation of the buffalo unfold?
Correct: B. 'Not just that day, but a second, a third, and a fourth.'
Question 2 of 10
What does the spirit urge the buffalo to do?
Correct: B. Direct advice to retaliate, which the buffalo refuses.
Question 3 of 10
How does the buffalo reframe the question of retaliation?
Correct: B. Separating his own conduct from the monkey's, rather than mirroring it.
Question 4 of 10
What does the buffalo say about dying versus living in shame?
Correct: B. Treating his own survival as not automatically outweighing harm to another.
Question 5 of 10
What practical prediction does the buffalo make about the monkey?
Correct: B. A practical expectation, not purely an idealistic principle.
Question 6 of 10
What is the buffalo's closing claim about forgiving disrespect?
Correct: B. Extended explicitly to disrespect 'from the low, middle and high'.
Question 7 of 10
What term names the quality this story closely resembles, though it is not given its own dedicated story in this collection?
Correct: B. Enduring repeated provocation without retaliating.
Question 8 of 10
Where does the buffalo choose to rest, before the monkey begins harassing him?
Correct: A. A fine spot he found and settled into.
Question 9 of 10
What perfection does this story illustrate?
Correct: B. Continuing the sequence of ten ethics-stories in this chapter.
Question 10 of 10
What figure other than the buffalo and the monkey appears in this story?
Correct: B. Watching the harassment and offering advice the buffalo refuses.
Answered 0 of 10 · Correct 0