Saṃyutta Nikāya · Discourse 10.9

With the Nun Sukkā (1st)

Paṭhamasukkāsutta

Setting
Rājagaha's streets and squares, with the occasion set at the Bamboo Grove
Speakers
A native spirit devoted to the nun Sukkā, addressing the general public
Form
A public proclamation in verse, praising a teacher and chiding an indifferent crowd
Length
~2 minutes to read
Northern parallel
A rough counterpart may exist in the Chinese Saṃyukta-āgama (T99), though this reading guide does not assert a specific matching sutra number
Difficulty
★★☆☆☆ — brief, notable for its female teaching authority

Why this discourse

This discourse centers not on the Buddha directly but on the nun Sukkā, teaching Dhamma to a large assembly in Rājagaha. A spirit, moved to genuine devotion by what he's witnessed, doesn't simply praise her privately; he walks the city's streets and squares, proclaiming his verse publicly, chiding the ordinary residents of Rājagaha for sleeping through her teaching ‘like they've been drinking mead’ while the wise, by contrast, drink her words in eagerly, like thirsty travelers finding a cool cloud.

Reading guide

A discourse centering a nun's teaching authority

Unlike most of this saṃyutta, where the Buddha himself is either present or the implicit reference point, this discourse's entire occasion is the nun Sukkā teaching independently to a large assembly, her authority as a teacher taken as simply given.

Devotion expressed through public proclamation, not private prayer

The spirit's response to Sukkā's teaching isn't quiet personal admiration; he actively travels ‘from street to street and from square to square’, making his praise a deliberately public act rather than a private sentiment.

Ordinary indifference named without gentleness

The verse's opening line doesn't merely note that people aren't attending her teaching; it mocks their indifference directly, comparing their inattention to the stupor of people who've been drinking mead — a sharp, almost comic image of missed opportunity.

The teaching itself named as the state free of death

Sukkā's subject isn't left vague; the verse specifies she teaches ‘the state free of death’ (amata), the same term used elsewhere in this collection for the goal of the entire path, treating her teaching as carrying the same weight as any other genuine exposition of the Dhamma.

A closing image contrasting the wise with the indifferent

The final lines don't end on criticism alone; they balance the opening's mockery with genuine admiration for those who do attend, describing the wise as drinking in her teaching the way travelers relish a cool cloud — irresistible, delectable, and nutritious all at once.

Key terms

sukkā bhikkhunī mahatiyā parisāya parivutā dhammaṁ deseti — “the nun Sukkā was teaching Dhamma, surrounded by a large assembly” — establishing her independent teaching authority as the discourse's occasion.
rathikāya rathikaṁ siṅghāṭakena siṅghāṭakaṁ — “from street to street and from square to square” — the spirit's deliberately public mode of expressing devotion.
kiṁ me katā rājagahe manussā, madhupītāva seyare — “what's up with these people in Rājagaha? they sleep like they've been drinking mead!” — the verse's sharp mockery of public indifference.
desentiṁ amataṁ padaṁ — “teaching the state free of death” — naming Sukkā's teaching subject with the canon's own term for the path's ultimate goal.
pivanti maññe sappaññā, valāhakamiva panthagū — “the wise drink it up…like travelers enjoying a cool cloud” — the closing image of the teaching's genuine, refreshing value.

The text

The discourse in full. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

§1At one time the Buddha was staying near Rājagaha, in the Bamboo Grove, the squirrels’ feeding ground. Now, at that time the nun Sukkā was teaching Dhamma, surrounded by a large assembly. Then a native spirit was so devoted to Sukkā that he went from street to street and from square to square, and on that occasion recited these verses:

§2“What’s up with these people in Rājagaha? They sleep like they’ve been drinking mead! They don’t attend on Sukkā as she’s teaching the state free of death.

§3But the wise—it’s as if they drink it up, so irresistible, delectable, and nutritious, like travelers enjoying a cool cloud.”

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Self-check quiz

Ten questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 10
Who is teaching Dhamma at the discourse's occasion?
Correct: A. Her authority as a teacher is simply taken as given by the discourse.
Question 2 of 10
How does the spirit express his devotion to Sukkā's teaching?
Correct: A. A deliberately public act, not a quiet private sentiment.
Question 3 of 10
How does the verse describe the ordinary residents of Rājagaha?
Correct: A. A sharp, almost comic image of indifference and missed opportunity.
Question 4 of 10
What does the verse specify Sukkā is teaching?
Correct: A. The same term used elsewhere in this collection for the path's ultimate goal.
Question 5 of 10
How does the verse describe those who do pay attention?
Correct: A. A refreshing, vivid image contrasting with the opening's mockery of indifference.
Question 6 of 10
What does this discourse suggest about teaching authority in this tradition?
Correct: A. Sukkā's teaching authority presented without qualification or special pleading.
Question 7 of 10
Where does this discourse's occasion take place?
Correct: A. The same general Rājagaha setting shared with several other discourses in this saṃyutta.
Question 8 of 10
What tone does the verse's opening line take toward the indifferent crowd?
Correct: A. Direct criticism without gentleness or hedging.
Question 9 of 10
How is this discourse structurally related to SN 10.10?
Correct: A. A companion piece sharing the same figures and general framing.
Question 10 of 10
What genre or type of content does this discourse represent?
Correct: A. Spontaneous public praise rather than structured teaching or debate.
Answered 0 of 10 · Correct 0