Saṃyutta Nikāya · Discourse 14.15

Walking Together

Caṅkamasutta

Setting
Rājagaha, on the Vulture's Peak Mountain
Speakers
The Buddha, questioning the assembled mendicants
Form
A roll call of eight named elders each walking with their own group, followed by the abstract teaching from SN 14.14
Length
~4 minutes to read
Northern parallel
A rough counterpart may exist in the Chinese Saṃyukta-āgama (T99), though this reading guide does not assert a specific matching sutra number
Difficulty
★★☆☆☆ — straightforward, but names eight major figures worth knowing individually

Why this discourse

SN 14.14 stated, abstractly, that beings of matching conviction converge with one another. This discourse makes that claim concrete and, in one case, genuinely uncomfortable. Walking near the Buddha are eight groups, each gathered around a named elder, and each group shares its leader's particular quality: Sāriputta's group has great wisdom, Moggallāna's great psychic power, Mahākassapa's advocates austerity, Anuruddha's has clairvoyance, Puṇṇa's are Dhamma speakers, Upāli's are experts in monastic law, Ānanda's are very learned — and Devadatta's group has corrupt wishes. The discourse offers no comment on this final entry; it simply lists it alongside the other seven, then closes with the same three-time-frame formula SN 14.14 already gave.

Reading guide

A second departure from Sāvatthī

Like SN 14.13, this discourse moves away from Sāvatthī — here to Rājagaha's Vulture's Peak, a setting associated with several major discourses elsewhere in the canon.

Proof by roster, not by argument

Rather than reasoning toward SN 14.14's claim, this discourse simply points: the Buddha has the mendicants look, one by one, at eight real groups already sorted by quality, letting them see the pattern directly.

Seven admirable qualities, evenly distributed

Wisdom, psychic power, ascetic rigor, clairvoyance, skill in teaching, expertise in monastic law, and learning — seven distinct excellences, each concentrated in its own group rather than spread evenly across the whole assembly.

Devadatta named without comment

The eighth entry, pāpicchā, corrupt wishes, is stated in exactly the same flat form as the other seven, with no editorial aside marking it as different in kind — this reading guide notes the discomfort without asserting what the discourse itself doesn't say about later events.

The abstract teaching, now doubly earned

Having just watched the pattern play out among named, known figures, the reader meets SN 14.14's formula again in this discourse's closing section, this time landing as a conclusion already demonstrated rather than an assertion still to be tested.

Key terms

caṅkamati — “walks back and forth,” specifically walking meditation — this discourse's title activity, practiced by all eight groups near the Buddha.
mahāpaññā, mahiddhikā — “great wisdom, great psychic power” — the qualities of Sāriputta's and Moggallāna's groups, the first two named.
dhutavādā, dibbacakkhukā, dhammakathikā, vinayadharā, bahussutā — “austerity-advocates, clairvoyant, Dhamma speakers, experts in monastic law, very learned” — the five further qualities matched to Mahākassapa's, Anuruddha's, Puṇṇa's, Upāli's, and Ānanda's groups.
pāpicchā — “corrupt wishes” — the quality matched to Devadatta's group, the discourse's eighth and final, uncommented-on entry.
dhātusova sattā saṁsandanti samenti — “sentient beings join together and converge because of an element” — SN 14.14's formula, repeated here as this discourse's closing conclusion.

The text

The discourse in full, including the source's own elision of repeated clauses in the past- and future-tense sections. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

§1At one time the Buddha was staying near Rājagaha, on the Vulture’s Peak Mountain. Now at that time Venerable Sāriputta was walking together with several mendicants not far from the Buddha. Venerable Mahāmoggallāna was doing likewise, as were Venerable Mahākassapa, Venerable Anuruddha, Venerable Puṇṇa son of Mantāṇī, Venerable Upāli, Venerable Ānanda, and Devadatta.

§2Then the Buddha said to the mendicants, “Mendicants, do you see Sāriputta walking together with several mendicants?” “Yes, sir.” “All of those mendicants have great wisdom. Do you see Moggallāna walking together with several mendicants?” “Yes, sir.” “All of those mendicants have great psychic power. Do you see Kassapa walking together with several mendicants?” “Yes, sir.” “All of those mendicants advocate austerities. Do you see Anuruddha walking together with several mendicants?” “Yes, sir.” “All of those mendicants have clairvoyance. Do you see Puṇṇa son of Mantāṇī walking together with several mendicants?” “Yes, sir.” “All of those mendicants are Dhamma speakers. Do you see Upāli walking together with several mendicants?” “Yes, sir.” “All of those mendicants are experts in monastic law. Do you see Ānanda walking together with several mendicants?” “Yes, sir.” “All of those mendicants are very learned. Do you see Devadatta walking together with several mendicants?” “Yes, sir.” “All of those mendicants have corrupt wishes.

§3Sentient beings join together and converge because of an element. Those who have inferior convictions join together and converge with those who have inferior convictions. Those who have good convictions join together and converge with those who have good convictions. In the past,

§4in the future,

§5and also in the present, sentient beings join together and converge because of an element. Those who have inferior convictions join together and converge with those who have inferior convictions. Those who have good convictions join together and converge with those who have good convictions.”

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Self-check quiz

Ten questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 10
What does this discourse do with SN 14.14's abstract claim?
Correct: A. A roll call of real, named groups demonstrating the pattern directly.
Question 2 of 10
What quality is shared by the mendicants walking with Venerable Sāriputta?
Correct: A. Mahāpaññā, matching Sāriputta's own renown for wisdom.
Question 3 of 10
What quality does the discourse attribute to Devadatta's group?
Correct: A. Pāpicchā, stated in the same flat form as the other seven qualities.
Question 4 of 10
How does the discourse comment on Devadatta's inclusion in this list?
Correct: A. A flat, uncommented entry, consistent in form with the other seven.
Question 5 of 10
Where is this discourse set?
Correct: A. The second departure from Sāvatthī within this vagga, after SN 14.13.
Question 6 of 10
How many groups, each led by a named elder, does the Buddha point out?
Correct: A. Sāriputta, Moggallāna, Mahākassapa, Anuruddha, Puṇṇa, Upāli, Ānanda, and Devadatta.
Question 7 of 10
What quality is matched to Venerable Upāli's group?
Correct: A. Vinayadharā, matching Upāli's traditional role as the foremost expert in monastic discipline.
Question 8 of 10
What formula closes this discourse, after the roll call of eight groups?
Correct: A. SN 14.14's claim, now demonstrated before being restated.
Question 9 of 10
Who does the Buddha ask to confirm each group's identity?
Correct: A. A repeated question-and-confirmation pattern across all eight groups.
Question 10 of 10
What numbering tag closes this discourse?
Correct: A. The fifth discourse of Dutiyavagga.
Answered 0 of 10 · Correct 0