Saṃyutta Nikāya · Discourse 15.6

A Mustard Seed

Sāsapasutta

Setting
Sāvatthī
Speakers
The Buddha and an unnamed mendicant
Form
The same question-simile structure as SN 15.5, with a new image measuring the same eon
Length
~2 minutes to read
Northern parallel
A rough counterpart may exist in the Chinese Saṃyukta-āgama (T99), though this reading guide does not assert a specific matching sutra number
Difficulty
★★☆☆☆ — best read directly alongside SN 15.5, its closest companion in this vagga

Why this discourse

This discourse asks the identical question SN 15.5 asked — how long is an eon? — and answers it with a second, complementary image: an iron citadel a league in every dimension, packed solid with mustard seeds, from which a single seed is removed once every century. The entire citadel would be emptied before the eon came to an end. Where SN 15.5 measured an eon against something being worn away, this discourse measures it against something being depleted one unit at a time — two different physical processes converging on the identical conclusion: an eon outlasts both.

Reading guide

A near-exact structural echo of SN 15.5

The same mendicant, the same opening question, the same request for a simile, and the same closing conclusion — this discourse is best understood as SN 15.5's direct pair, not a separate teaching.

Erosion versus depletion, two different processes

SN 15.5's mountain wears away continuously under a cloth's touch; this discourse's citadel empties one discrete mustard seed at a time — a meaningfully different physical process reaching the same conclusion about an eon's length.

An enclosed, countable image rather than an open one

A mountain's erosion is continuous and hard to quantify at any given moment; an iron citadel packed with mustard seeds is, at least in principle, countable — making this image's depletion feel more precisely measurable, even as the total count remains impossibly large.

The same identical wording carried through

Beyond the swapped image, this discourse's surrounding language — the century-long interval, the "why is that" transition, the closing refrain — matches SN 15.5 almost word for word.

Two images, one settled point

Having now measured an eon's length twice, by two genuinely different physical means, this saṃyutta turns in its next discourse to a different question entirely: not how long one eon lasts, but how many eons have already passed.

Key terms

āyasaṁ nagaraṁ — “an iron citadel” — this discourse's central container, matching SN 15.5's mountain in size but differing entirely in substance and process.
sāsapānaṁ guḷikābaddhaṁ — “mustard seeds pressed into balls” — the citadel's contents, packed solid rather than loose.
ekamekaṁ sāsapaṁ uddhareyya — “would remove a single mustard seed” — the depletion process, one discrete unit removed per century.
mahāsāsaparāsi — “the huge heap of mustard seeds” — the discourse's term for the citadel's contents once it's described as being used up.
chaṭṭhaṁ — “the sixth” — the closing numbering tag, marking this discourse's place in the vagga.

The text

The discourse in full, including the source's own elision of the opening exchange shared with SN 15.5. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

§1At Sāvatthī. Then a mendicant went up to the Buddha … and asked him, “Sir, how long is an eon?” “Mendicant, an eon is long. It’s not easy to calculate how many years, how many hundreds or thousands or hundreds of thousands of years it lasts.”

§2“But sir, is it possible to give a simile?” “It’s possible,” said the Buddha. “Suppose there was an iron citadel, a league long, a league wide, and a league high, full of mustard seeds pressed into balls. And as each century passed someone would remove a single mustard seed. By this means the huge heap of mustard seeds would be used up before the eon comes to an end. That’s how long an eon is. And we’ve transmigrated through many such eons, many hundreds, many thousands, many hundreds of thousands. Why is that? This transmigration has no known beginning. … This is quite enough for you to become disillusioned, dispassionate, and freed regarding all conditions.”

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Self-check quiz

Ten questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 10
What question does this discourse ask, identical to SN 15.5?
Correct: A. The same question, answered with a second, different image.
Question 2 of 10
What image does this discourse use, in place of SN 15.5's mountain?
Correct: A. A complementary image measuring the same eon a second way.
Question 3 of 10
How does this discourse's process differ from SN 15.5's continuous erosion?
Correct: A. A meaningfully different physical process reaching the same conclusion.
Question 4 of 10
What happens to the citadel's contents before the eon ends, according to this discourse?
Correct: A. Total depletion, achieved before a single eon concludes, mirroring SN 15.5's mountain.
Question 5 of 10
How does this reading guide characterize the relationship between this discourse and SN 15.5?
Correct: A. Near-identical structure and wording, differing only in the central image.
Question 6 of 10
What does this reading guide say about the countability of this discourse's image, compared to SN 15.5's?
Correct: A. A discrete depletion process, even though the total remains impossibly large.
Question 7 of 10
What does this saṃyutta turn to in the discourse immediately following this one?
Correct: A. SN 15.7 shifts the question from duration to sheer quantity.
Question 8 of 10
Who asks the opening question in this discourse?
Correct: A. The same format as SN 15.5's individual questioner.
Question 9 of 10
Where does the Buddha deliver this teaching?
Correct: A. The setting shared with most discourses in this collection.
Question 10 of 10
What numbering tag closes this discourse?
Correct: A. The sixth discourse of this vagga.
Answered 0 of 10 · Correct 0