Saṃyutta Nikāya · Discourse 2.8

With Tāyana

Tāyanasutta

Setting
Near Sāvatthī, in Jeta’s Grove, late at night, with a following-morning report to the mendicants
Speakers
The godling Tāyana, then the Buddha, addressing the assembled mendicants
Form
Six verses of exhortation, an elided verbatim repeat, and a closing charge to memorize
Length
~3 minutes to read
Northern parallel
A rough counterpart may exist in the Chinese Saṃyukta-āgama (T99), though this reading guide does not assert a specific matching sutra number
Difficulty
★★★★☆ — the longest and most structurally layered discourse in this vagga

Why this discourse

Tāyana, a godling identified in the text as formerly a religious founder, recites six verses urging strenuous striving and warning against laxity — verses still commonly recited by Theravādin monastics. The next morning, the Buddha reports the visit to the assembled mendicants and repeats the verses in full (elided here as a verbatim repeat, following this book's earlier precedent for such passages), closing with a direct charge: learn these verses, memorize them, remember them, for they are beneficial and relate to the fundamentals of the spiritual life.

Reading guide

A godling once a founder of his own teaching

The text describes Tāyana as ‘formerly a religious founder’, a detail found nowhere else in this vagga — a deity whose past life, before rebirth as a godling, involved leading his own sect.

Cut the stream, cast aside sensual pleasures

The verses open with direct imperatives — cutting the stream after striving, casting aside sensual pleasures — before turning to two contrasted claims: a bad deed is better left undone since it plagues you later, a good deed is better done since it does not.

Kusa grass, wrongly grasped

The verses' central simile compares the ascetic life, wrongly taken up, to kusa grass wrongly grasped, which cuts the hand — the same image appears in the Dhammapada (verse 311), a cross-collection echo this book has already noted at SN 1.5 and SN 1.22, now recurring a third time.

A verbatim repeat, elided in the source

The Buddha's retelling to the mendicants repeats Tāyana's verses word for word; the source text marks this repetition with blank segments rather than typing the verses out twice (sn2.8 segments 9 through 13), following the same convention this collection's compilers used for other verbatim repeats. This reading guide follows this book's own earlier precedent and does not quote the elided repeat a second time.

A charge to memorize, unusual in this book

The discourse closes with the Buddha directly instructing the mendicants to learn, memorize, and remember these verses — a closing charge not found elsewhere in this vagga, and consistent with these verses' continued recitation by Theravādin monastics today.

Key terms

titthakara — “religious founder” — the text's description of Tāyana's former life, before rebirth as a godling.
padhānābhinīta — “cut the stream after striving” — the verses' opening imperative.
kusa — “kusa grass” — a sharp-edged grass that cuts the hand of anyone who grasps it wrongly, the verses' central simile for the ascetic life mishandled.
sikkhitabbaṁ — “to be learned” — part of the Buddha's closing charge to the mendicants to learn, memorize, and remember Tāyana's verses.
brahmacariyassa ādibhūtā — “related to the fundamentals of the spiritual life” — the Buddha's own description of why these verses are worth memorizing.

The text

The discourse in full, with the Buddha's elided verbatim repeat skipped over as blank in the source and not quoted a second time here. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

§1At Sāvatthī. Then, late at night, the glorious godling Tāyana, formerly a religious founder, lighting up the entire Jeta’s Grove, went up to the Buddha, bowed, stood to one side, and recited these verses in the Buddha’s presence:

§2“Cut the stream after striving! Cast aside sensual pleasures, brahmin. A sage who doesn’t give up sensual pleasures is not reborn in a unified state.

§3If one is to do what should be done, one should staunchly strive. For the life gone forth when laxly led just stirs up dust all the more.

§4A bad deed is better left undone, for it will plague you later on. A good deed is better done, one that does not plague you.

§5When kusa grass is wrongly grasped it only cuts the hand. So too, the ascetic life, when wrongly taken, drags you to hell.

§6Any lax act, any corrupt observance, or suspicious spiritual life, is not very fruitful.”

§7That’s what the godling Tāyana said. Then he bowed and respectfully circled the Buddha, keeping him on his right side, before vanishing right there.

§8Then, when the night had passed, the Buddha told the mendicants all that had happened. “Mendicants, tonight, the glorious godling Tāyana, formerly a religious founder, lighting up the entire Jeta’s Grove, came to me, bowed, stood to one side, and recited these verses in my presence.” The Buddha repeated the verses in full, adding:

§9“That’s what the godling Tāyana said. Then he bowed and respectfully circled me, keeping me on his right side, before vanishing right there. Mendicants, learn the verses of Tāyana! Memorize the verses of Tāyana! Remember the verses of Tāyana! These verses are beneficial and relate to the fundamentals of the spiritual life.”

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Self-check quiz

Ten questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 10
What is unusual about Tāyana's past, according to the text?
Correct: A. A detail found nowhere else in this vagga.
Question 2 of 10
What do Tāyana's opening verses urge?
Correct: A. Direct imperatives opening the verses.
Question 3 of 10
What simile do the verses use for the ascetic life wrongly taken up?
Correct: A. The same image found in the Dhammapada, verse 311.
Question 4 of 10
How does this discourse handle the Buddha's verbatim repeat of the verses?
Correct: A. Following this book's earlier precedent for handling verbatim repeats.
Question 5 of 10
What does the Buddha instruct the mendicants to do with these verses?
Correct: A. A closing charge unusual for this vagga.
Question 6 of 10
Why does the Buddha say these verses are worth memorizing?
Correct: A. The Buddha's own stated reason for the closing charge.
Question 7 of 10
According to this discourse, what happens to a bad deed left undone?
Correct: A. “A bad deed is better left undone, for it will plague you later on” implies the reverse for one left undone.
Question 8 of 10
Where and when does Tāyana visit the Buddha?
Correct: A. The same late-night Jeta's Grove setting used throughout this book's early discourses.
Question 9 of 10
When does the Buddha report Tāyana's visit to the mendicants?
Correct: A. “Then, when the night had passed, the Buddha told the mendicants all that had happened.”
Question 10 of 10
Are Tāyana's verses still used by Theravādin monastics today?
Correct: A. Noted directly in this discourse's glance summary.
Answered 0 of 10 · Correct 0