Saṃyutta Nikāya · Discourse 21.4

A Junior Mendicant

Navasutta

Setting
Sāvatthī
Speakers
Several mendicants, an unnamed junior monk, and the Buddha
Form
A misunderstood absence explained through the Buddha's direct knowledge of the monk's actual inner state
Length
~2 minutes to read
Northern parallel
A rough counterpart may exist in the Chinese Saṃyukta-āgama (T99), though this reading guide does not assert a specific matching sutra number
Difficulty
★★★☆☆ — a case of appearance and reality diverging sharply, resolved only by the Buddha's own insight

Why this discourse

This discourse concerns a junior monk who, after his meal, withdraws into silence and doesn't help the other mendicants sew robes. When questioned, he simply says he's doing his own work. The other mendicants complain to the Buddha, who — knowing the monk's actual state of mind — corrects them directly: don't complain about him. This monk easily and effortlessly attains all four absorptions and has already realized the supreme culmination of the spiritual path in this very life.

Reading guide

An accusation resolved by knowledge unavailable to the accusers

The mendicants' complaint is entirely reasonable given what they can observe — a monk appearing idle while others work; the Buddha's correction depends entirely on knowledge of the monk's inner state that the complaining mendicants have no way of accessing themselves.

The monk's own defense left minimal and unexplained

When directly questioned, the monk offers only a brief, almost dismissive answer — I am doing my own work — without elaborating or defending himself further, leaving the Buddha's subsequent revelation to supply all the missing context.

A vindication delivered to the group, not privately to the monk

The Buddha's explanation of the monk's actual attainment is addressed to the assembled mendicants, correcting their misjudgment publicly, rather than being a private reassurance offered only to the monk himself.

A stark contrast between apparent laziness and genuine attainment

The gap between how the monk's conduct looks (passive, unhelpful, self-absorbed) and what it actually reflects (effortless mastery of all four absorptions, the supreme culmination of the path) is deliberately extreme, making the point about appearances as sharp as possible.

A closing verse repeating language used elsewhere in this saṃyutta

The verse's closing image — bearing the final body, having vanquished Māra with his legions — recurs nearly verbatim in several other discourses in this collection, functioning as this saṃyutta's standard way of declaring someone's full attainment.

Key terms

appossukko tuṇhībhūto saṅkasāyati — “adhered to passivity and silence” — the outward behavior that prompted the other mendicants' complaint.
veyyāvaccaṁ … cīvarakārasamaye — “help out … when it was time to sew robes” — the specific communal duty the junior monk was seen neglecting.
ahampi kho, bhante, sakaṁ kiccaṁ karomi — “sir, I am doing my own work” — the monk's brief, unelaborated response when questioned directly.
catunnaṁ jhānānaṁ … nikāmalābhī akicchalābhī akasiralābhī — “gets the four absorptions … when he wants, without trouble or difficulty” — the Buddha's revelation of the monk's actual, hidden attainment.
dhāreti antimaṁ dehaṁ, jetvā māraṁ savāhinin — “bears his final body, having vanquished Māra with his legions” — the closing declaration repeated nearly verbatim across several discourses in this saṃyutta.

The text

The discourse in full. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

§1At Sāvatthī. Now at that time a certain junior monk, after his meal, on his return from almsround, entered his dwelling, where he adhered to passivity and silence. And he didn’t help the mendicants out when it was time to sew robes. Then several mendicants went up to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and told him what had happened.

§2So the Buddha addressed one of the monks, “Please, monk, in my name tell that monk that the Teacher summons him.” “Yes, sir,” that monk replied. He went to that monk and said to him, “Reverend, the teacher summons you.” “Yes, reverend,” that monk replied. He went to the Buddha, bowed, and sat down to one side. The Buddha said to him: “Is it really true, monk, that after your meal, on your return from almsround, you entered your dwelling, where you adhered to passivity and silence, and you didn’t help the mendicants out when it was time to sew robes?” “Sir, I am doing my own work.”

§3Then the Buddha, knowing that monk’s train of thought, addressed the mendicants: “Mendicants, don’t complain about this monk. This monk gets the four absorptions—blissful meditations in this life that belong to the higher mind—when he wants, without trouble or difficulty. He has realized the supreme culmination of the spiritual path in this very life, and lives having achieved with his own insight the goal for which gentlemen rightly go forth from the lay life to homelessness.”

§4That is what the Buddha said. Then the Holy One, the Teacher, went on to say:

§5“Not by being slack, or with little strength may this be realized—extinguishment, the release from all suffering.

§6This young monk, this best of men, bears his final body, having vanquished Māra with his legions.”

· · ·

Self-check quiz

Ten questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 10
What behavior does the junior monk exhibit that prompts complaint?
Correct: A. An entirely reasonable observation given what the mendicants could actually see.
Question 2 of 10
How does the monk respond when the Buddha questions him directly?
Correct: A. Leaving the Buddha's subsequent revelation to supply all the missing context.
Question 3 of 10
What does the Buddha reveal about this monk's actual inner state?
Correct: A. Knowledge entirely unavailable to the complaining mendicants themselves.
Question 4 of 10
To whom does the Buddha address his explanation of the monk's true attainment?
Correct: A. A public correction of the group's misjudgment, not a private reassurance.
Question 5 of 10
What is deliberately extreme about the contrast this discourse presents?
Correct: A. Making the point about the unreliability of outward appearances as sharp as possible.
Question 6 of 10
What closing image does this discourse share with several others in this saṃyutta?
Correct: A. Functioning as this saṃyutta's standard way of declaring someone's full attainment.
Question 7 of 10
Why couldn't the other mendicants have known the truth about this monk on their own?
Correct: A. The Buddha's correction depends on knowledge only he could access.
Question 8 of 10
Where is this discourse set?
Correct: A. The setting shared with several discourses in this saṃyutta.
Question 9 of 10
Who reports the junior monk's behavior to the Buddha?
Correct: A. A concrete complaint prompting the Buddha's corrective response.
Question 10 of 10
What numbering tag closes this discourse?
Correct: A. The fourth discourse of this saṃyutta.
Answered 0 of 10 · Correct 0