Saṃyutta Nikāya · Discourse 41.5

With Kāmabhū (1st)

Paṭhamakāmabhūsutta — Cittavagga

Setting
Macchikāsaṇḍa, the Wild Mango Grove
Speakers
Venerable Kāmabhū asking Citta the householder to explain a verse of the Buddha's
Form
A brief verse quoted, then unpacked term by term by the person who was asked to explain it
Length
~1 minute to read
Northern parallel
A rough counterpart may exist in the Chinese Saṃyukta-āgama (T99), though this reading guide does not assert a specific matching sutra number
Difficulty
★★★☆☆ — an allegorical verse fully decoded, term by term

Why this discourse

This discourse reverses the direction of every discourse before it in this saṃyutta: instead of a monk answering Citta's own question, Venerable Kāmabhū quotes a brief verse of the Buddha's and asks Citta to explain it in detail. Citta asks for a moment to consider, then delivers a complete, term-by-term allegorical reading: the “chariot” is the body, its “faultless parts” are ethics, its “white canopy” is freedom, its single spoke is mindfulness, and the “one who comes, untroubled, with stream cut, unbound” is the arahant, whose greed, hate, and delusion have been uprooted entirely.

Reading guide

A layman asked to explain the Buddha's own words

Kāmabhū's own question inverts every earlier pattern in this saṃyutta — not Citta questioning a monk, but a monk asking the layman to unpack a verse, and pausing afterward to let Citta think before answering.

Every image in the verse, given a precise referent

Faultless parts (ethics), white canopy (freedom), one spoke (mindfulness), rolling on (coming and going), chariot (the body itself, described as impermanent and destined to break apart) — each image in the four-line verse receives its own named equivalent, none left merely poetic.

Three technical terms, each unpacked the same way

“Untroubled,” “stream cut,” and “unbound” each name greed, hate, and delusion under a different label (troubles, a stream, bonds), each said to be uprooted in the same fixed phrase (cut off at the root, made like a palm stump, obliterated) already familiar from earlier discourses in this project's own coverage.

Key terms

saṅkhittena bhāsitassa... vitthārena attho — “the detailed meaning of this brief statement” — Kāmabhū's own request, met by Citta's complete term-by-term reading
ratho — “chariot” — the verse's own term for the body itself, “produced by mother and father... liable to impermanence”
nīgho — “trouble” — Citta's own gloss for greed, hate, and delusion, defining “untroubled” as their complete uprooting
soto — “stream” — Citta's own gloss for craving, defining “stream cut” as its complete uprooting
bandhanaṁ — “bond” — Citta's own third gloss, again for greed, hate, and delusion, defining “unbound”

The text

The complete discourse. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

§1At one time Venerable Kāmabhū was staying near Macchikāsaṇḍa in the Wild Mango Grove. Then Citta the householder went up to Venerable Kāmabhū, bowed, and sat down to one side. Kāmabhū said to him, “Householder, there is this saying: ‘With faultless parts and white canopy, the one-spoked chariot rolls on. See it come, untroubled, with stream cut, unbound.’ How should we see the detailed meaning of this brief statement?” “Sir, was this spoken by the Buddha?” “Yes, householder.” “Well then, sir, please wait a while as I consider the meaning of this.” Then after staying silent for a while, Citta said to Kāmabhū: “Sir, ‘faultless parts’ is a term for ethics. ‘White canopy’ is a term for freedom. ‘One spoke’ is a term for mindfulness. ‘Rolls on’ is a term for going forward and coming back. ‘Chariot’ is a term for this body made up of the four principal states, produced by mother and father, built up from rice and porridge, liable to impermanence, to wearing away and erosion, to breaking up and destruction. Greed, hate, and delusion are troubles. A mendicant who has ended the defilements has given these up, cut them off at the root, made them like a palm stump, and obliterated them, so they are unable to arise in the future. That’s why a mendicant who has ended the defilements is called ‘untroubled’. ‘The one who comes’ is a term for the perfected one. ‘Stream’ is a term for craving. A mendicant who has ended the defilements has given this up, cut it off at the root, made it like a palm stump, and obliterated it, so it’s unable to arise in the future. That’s why a mendicant who has ended the defilements is said to have ‘cut the stream’. Greed, hate, and delusion are bonds. A mendicant who has ended the defilements has given these up, cut them off at the root, made them like a palm stump, and obliterated them, so they are unable to arise in the future. That’s why a mendicant who has ended the defilements is called ‘unbound’. So, sir, that’s how I understand the detailed meaning of what the Buddha said in brief: ‘With faultless parts and white canopy, the one-spoked chariot rolls on. See it come, untroubled, with stream cut, unbound.’” “You’re fortunate, householder, so very fortunate, to traverse the Buddha’s deep teachings with the eye of wisdom.”

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Self-check quiz

3 questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 3
Who asks whom to explain a verse in this discourse?
Correct: A. Reversing the direction of every earlier discourse in this saṃyutta.
Question 2 of 3
What does the verse's own "chariot" represent in Citta's reading?
Correct: A. Produced by mother and father, built from rice and porridge, liable to wearing away.
Question 3 of 3
What do "untroubled," "stream cut," and "unbound" all describe, according to Citta?
Correct: A. Each term glosses the identical uprooting of the three roots, just from a different angle (troubles, a stream, bonds).
Answered 0 of 3 · Correct 0