Saṃyutta Nikāya · Discourse 45.160

A River

Nadīsutta — Balakaraṇīyavagga

Setting
Sāvatthī
Speakers
The Buddha, with the mendicants answering two questions directly
Form
An extended simile with its own embedded temptation speech, plus the source's own explicit elaboration instruction and colophon
Length
2-3 minutes to read, plus a described (not translated) colophon and uddāna
Northern parallel
No individual parallel confirmed by this project's own check
Difficulty
★★☆☆☆ — closes this vagga's own twelve discourses

Why this discourse

The Ganges river, sloping east, cannot be forced west by any crowd with spades and baskets — illustrating why a mendicant who has developed the path cannot be lured back to lay life by any offer of wealth, however tempting, because their own mind has long inclined to seclusion. This discourse closes the vagga, carrying an explicit elaboration instruction and a colophon this project describes honestly.

Reading guide

The vagga's own longest embedded temptation speech

Uniquely in this vagga, the comparison includes a full quoted temptation — rulers, ministers, friends, or relatives urging the mendicant, “why let these ocher robes torment you? ...return to a lesser life, enjoy wealth, and make merit!” — before the discourse confirms it is “quite impossible” for a mendicant to yield.

The vagga complete: an explicit instruction, confirmed

The Pāli root closes with “(Yadapi balakaraṇīyaṁ, tadapi vitthāretabbaṁ)” — “what was elaborated for ‘Hard Work’ should also be elaborated here” — the same instruction pattern met at the close of the preceding vagga, confirming all twelve discourses of this vagga carry the identical fourfold formula structure established at SN 45.149.

A colophon and uddāna, described honestly

The closing numbering (“Dvādasamaṁ,” “the twelfth”) confirms this vagga's own twelve-discourse count. “Balakaraṇīyavaggo chaṭṭho” (“the Hard Work chapter, the sixth”) is an internal numbering note whose exact scope this project does not confidently interpret, as with the similar note closing the preceding vagga. The uddāna itself is a plain list of this vagga's own twelve discourse-topics (Hard Work, Seed, Dragon, Tree, Pot, Spike; Sky, two Storms; Ship, Guest House, River), described here rather than rendered as invented verse.

Key terms

gaṅgā nadī pācīnaninnā pācīnapoṇā pācīnapabbhārā — “the Ganges river slants, slopes, and inclines to the east” — the same opening image met throughout the two Gaṅgāpeyyāla vaggas, now serving a new argument about immovability rather than direction toward a goal
kuddālapiṭakaṁ ādāya — “with a spade and basket” — the futile tools of the crowd who would try to reverse the river's own course
kāsāvā... muṇḍo... kapālamanusaṁcarasi — “these ocher robes... shaving your head... carrying an alms bowl” — the temptation speech's own dismissive description of a mendicant's own renunciant life
dīgharattaṁ vivekaninnaṁ vivekapoṇaṁ vivekapabbhāraṁ — “for a long time that mendicant's mind has slanted, sloped, and inclined to seclusion” — the discourse's own explicit reason why return to lay life is impossible
dvādasamaṁ — “the twelfth” — the Pāli root's own closing numeral, confirming this vagga's own twelve-discourse count

The text

Every genuinely translated segment of the complete discourse, closing the Balakaraṇīyavagga. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

§1“Mendicants, suppose that, although the Ganges river slants, slopes, and inclines to the east, a large crowd were to come along with a spade and basket, saying: ‘We’ll make this Ganges river slant, slope, and incline to the west!’ What do you think, mendicants? Would they succeed?” “No, sir. Why is that? The Ganges river slants, slopes, and inclines to the east. It’s not easy to make it slant, slope, and incline to the west. That large crowd will eventually get weary and frustrated.” “In the same way, while a mendicant develops and cultivates the noble eightfold path, if rulers or their chief ministers, friends or colleagues, relatives or kin should invite them to accept wealth, saying: ‘Please, my friend, why let these ocher robes torment you? Why follow the practice of shaving your head and carrying an alms bowl? Come, return to a lesser life, enjoy wealth, and make merit!’ It is quite impossible for a mendicant who develops and cultivates the noble eightfold path to resign the training and return to a lesser life. Why is that? Because for a long time that mendicant’s mind has slanted, sloped, and inclined to seclusion. So it’s impossible for them to return to a lesser life. And how does a mendicant develop the noble eightfold path? It’s when a mendicant develops right view, right purpose, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right immersion, which rely on seclusion, fading away, and cessation, and ripen as letting go. That’s how a mendicant develops and cultivates the noble eightfold path.”

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Self-check quiz

3 questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 3
What makes this discourse's own temptation speech unusual within this vagga?
Correct: A. A vivid, extended temptation scene not found elsewhere in this vagga's own more compact similes.
Question 2 of 3
What does the closing instruction "(Yadapi balakaraṇīyaṁ, tadapi vitthāretabbaṁ)" confirm?
Correct: A. The same instruction pattern confirmed at the close of the preceding vagga.
Question 3 of 3
How does this reading guide handle the vagga's own internal numbering note, "Balakaraṇīyavaggo chaṭṭho"?
Correct: A. Following this project's own established honest-hedging practice, as with the similar note in the preceding vagga.
Answered 0 of 3 · Correct 0