Saṃyutta Nikāya · Discourse 45.91

Slanting East

Pācīnaninnasutta — Gaṅgāpeyyālavagga

Setting
Sāvatthī
Speakers
The Buddha, addressing the mendicants directly
Form
A river simile, the first of twelve discourses in this vagga built entirely on this image
Length
<1 minute to read
Northern parallel
No individual parallel confirmed by this project's own check
Difficulty
★☆☆☆☆ — short, a vivid geographic image

Why this discourse

This discourse opens a new vagga with a genuinely different simile than any of this saṃyutta's own three preceding peyyāla vaggas used: the Ganges river's own steady, natural slant toward the east becomes an image for how a mendicant who develops the eightfold path “slants, slopes, and inclines” toward extinguishment — not an arbitrary destination but the direction development itself naturally runs.

Reading guide

A genuinely new simile, not a fourth grid

Confirmed by direct reading: this vagga does not repeat the seven-quality, two-closing-formula grid already met three times over (Sūriya-, Eka-, and Dutiyaekadhammapeyyālavagga) — its own image (a great river's natural slant) and its own subject (the eightfold path itself, not a quality that precedes it) are both new.

Three verbs, not one

“Slants, slopes, and inclines” (ninnā, poṇā, pabbhārā) stacks three near-synonymous verbs for the same natural tendency, confirmed by reading the discourse's own Pāli directly — emphasis through repetition rather than argument.

Key terms

gaṅgā nadī pācīnaninnā pācīnapoṇā pācīnapabbhārā — “the Ganges river slants, slopes, and inclines to the east” — this discourse's own opening image
nibbānaninno hoti nibbānapoṇo nibbānapabbhāro — “slants, slopes, and inclines to extinguishment” — the identical three-verb structure applied to a mendicant developing the eightfold path
vivekanissitaṁ... vossaggapariṇāmiṁ — “relying on seclusion... ripening as letting go” — this discourse's own closing formula, shared throughout this entire vagga's own twelve discourses
ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo — the noble eightfold path, this vagga's own subject — not a quality preceding it, unlike the three preceding vaggas' own
gaṅgāpeyyālavaggo — this vagga's own name, taken from this discourse's own opening river

The text

The complete discourse. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

§1At Sāvatthī. “Mendicants, the Ganges river slants, slopes, and inclines to the east. In the same way, a mendicant who develops and cultivates the noble eightfold path slants, slopes, and inclines to extinguishment. And how does a mendicant who develops the noble eightfold path slant, slope, and incline to extinguishment? It’s when a mendicant develops right view, right purpose, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right immersion, which rely on seclusion, fading away, and cessation, and ripen as letting go. That’s how a mendicant who develops and cultivates the noble eightfold path slants, slopes, and inclines to extinguishment.”

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Self-check quiz

3 questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 3
What simile does this discourse use for the eightfold path's own development?
Correct: A. Genuinely new content, not a fourth instance of the seven-quality grid met in this saṃyutta's three preceding peyyāla vaggas.
Question 2 of 3
What three verbs does this discourse stack together for the same natural tendency?
Correct: A. Emphasis through repetition of near-synonyms, confirmed by reading the Pāli directly.
Question 3 of 3
What is this discourse's own subject, unlike the three preceding vaggas' own?
Correct: A. A genuine shift in subject, confirmed by direct comparison with Sūriya-, Eka-, and Dutiyaekadhammapeyyālavagga's own shared grid.
Answered 0 of 3 · Correct 0