Saṃyutta Nikāya · Discourse 48.51

At Sālā

Sālasutta — Sūkarakhatavagga

Setting
The land of the Kosalans, near the brahmin village of Sālā
Speakers
The Buddha, addressing the mendicants directly
Form
A vivid simile, applied to the five faculties as the qualities on the side of awakening
Length
<1 minute to read
Northern parallel
No individual parallel confirmed by this project's own check
Significance
★★★★☆ — opens a new vagga with the memorable lion simile, and directly extends this project's own SN 48.45 (wisdom alone suffices) with a vivid new image

Why this discourse

This discourse opens Sūkarakhatavagga (“The Boar's Cave”) — a name this opening discourse's own content does not yet explain — with the vivid simile of the lion, king of beasts, best among animals for strength, speed, and courage: in the same way, the faculty of wisdom is said to be the best of the “qualities on the side of awakening” (bodhipakkhiyā dhammā), directly extending this project's own SN 48.45.

Reading guide

A vagga name not yet explained

This project's own honest observation: this opening discourse's own setting (the brahmin village of Sālā) gives no indication of why this vagga is named “Sūkarakhatavagga” (“the vagga of the boar's cave”). This project declines to guess at a reason and will confirm it only when a later discourse's own text accounts for the name directly.

The lion simile: wisdom as the best of the awakening-factors

Confirmed by direct reading, this discourse applies a vivid new image not yet met in this saṃyutta: just as the lion is best among animals for strength, speed, and courage, the faculty of wisdom is best among the “qualities on the side of awakening” (bodhipakkhiyā dhammā) — here identified specifically with the five spiritual faculties (faith, energy, mindfulness, immersion, wisdom).

Extending, not merely repeating, SN 48.45's own claim

This project's own direct comparison: this discourse elevates wisdom in a way that echoes but genuinely extends SN 48.45's own claim that wisdom alone suffices for enlightenment — here wisdom is not stated as sufficient on its own, but as the BEST among all five faculties taken together, framed through the broader canonical category of bodhipakkhiyā dhammā rather than the five faculties in isolation.

Key terms

Sūkarakhatavagga — “the vagga of the boar's cave” — this vagga's own new name, not yet explained by this opening discourse
sīho migarājā — “the lion, king of beasts” — the simile's own central image, best among animals for strength, speed, and courage
bodhipakkhiyā dhammā — “the qualities on the side of awakening” — the broader canonical category the five faculties are framed within here
aggamakkhāyati — “is said to be the best” — the term applied both to the lion among animals and to wisdom among the awakening-factors
Paṭhamaṁ — “the first” — the closing colophon marker, confirming this as the vagga's first discourse

The text

The complete discourse. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

§1 — the lion simileSo I have heard. At one time the Buddha was staying in the land of the Kosalans near the brahmin village of Sālā. There the Buddha addressed the mendicants: “Mendicants, the lion, king of beasts, is said to be the best of animals in terms of strength, speed, and courage. In the same way, the faculty of wisdom is said to be the best of the qualities on the side of awakening; that is, for becoming awakened.

§2 — the five faculties named as qualities on the side of awakeningAnd what are the qualities on the side of awakening? The faculties of faith, energy, mindfulness, immersion, and wisdom are qualities on the side of awakening, in that they lead to becoming awakened. The lion, king of beasts, is said to be the best of animals in terms of strength, speed, and courage. In the same way, the faculty of wisdom is said to be the best of the qualities on the side of awakening; that is, for becoming awakened.”

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Self-check quiz

3 questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 3
What does this discourse's own lion simile illustrate?
Correct: A. A vivid new image, not yet met elsewhere in this saṃyutta.
Question 2 of 3
How does this discourse relate to this project's own SN 48.45?
Correct: A. A genuine extension using a broader canonical category and a new image.
Question 3 of 3
What does this project's own reading guide say about this vagga's own name?
Correct: A. Consistent with this project's own established practice of confirming rather than assuming.
Answered 0 of 3 · Correct 0