Saṃyutta Nikāya · Discourse 5.1

With Āḷavikā

Āḷavikāsutta

Setting
At Sāvatthī, in the Dark Forest, after almsround
Speakers
The nun Āḷavikā and Māra the Wicked
Form
A recognition sequence narrated from the nun's own reasoning, then a two-stanza rebuttal verse
Length
~1.5 minutes to read
Northern parallel
A rough counterpart may exist in the Chinese Saṃyukta-āgama (T99), though this reading guide does not assert a specific matching sutra number
Difficulty
★★★☆☆ — opens a saṃyutta whose women meet Māra as equals, without exception

Why this discourse

This discourse opens an entirely new saṃyutta: after twenty-five discourses in which the Buddha and, twice, individual monks confronted Māra, this collection turns to nuns meeting him directly and independently, with no Buddha present at all. Āḷavikā, seeking seclusion in the Dark Forest, is told by Māra that no escape exists and she should enjoy erotic delights instead — and answers, from her own direct experience, that escape does exist, and sensual pleasure now holds nothing for her at all.

Reading guide

A saṃyutta of nuns meeting Māra alone

The Bhikkhunīsaṃyutta's ten discourses share a defining feature this opening example establishes immediately: each nun encounters Māra entirely on her own, resolves the confrontation herself, and only afterward, if at all, does the matter reach anyone else — independence, not mediation through the Buddha, is this collection's own starting premise.

A named process of recognition, shown rather than assumed

Unlike the Mārasaṃyutta's more compressed pattern, this discourse narrates Āḷavikā's own reasoning in full: first wondering whether a human or non-human is speaking, then concluding it must be Māra attempting to frighten her from seclusion — her recognition is a visible process of thought, not an instantaneous given.

A claim of no escape, met with personal testimony

Māra's claim — ‘there's no escape in the world’ — is answered not with doctrine cited secondhand but with direct personal experience: ‘I've personally experienced it with wisdom’, grounding her rebuttal in what she herself has verified rather than what she has been told.

Sensual pleasure recast through a violent image

Āḷavikā's closing image is unusually severe: sensual pleasures compared to swords and spears, the aggregates themselves the chopping block they cut against — a harsher metaphor than mere disinterest, framing sensuality as actively dangerous rather than simply unappealing.

A stock refrain, already adapted for a new speaker

Māra's closing thought here reads ‘the nun Āḷavikā knows me’, following the modification already seen at SN 4.22 for the mendicant Samiddhi — confirming this saṃyutta continues, rather than resets, the recognition formula extended to ordinary disciples there.

Key terms

Āḷavikā — “Āḷavikā” — the nun this discourse follows, the first woman in this collection to confront Māra independently.
nissaraṇa — “escape” — the term both Māra and Āḷavikā dispute, she claiming direct personal verification of it.
Andhavana — “the Dark Forest” — the setting near Sāvatthī where this and several other discourses in this saṃyutta take place.
khandha — “the aggregates” — named as the chopping block against which the verse's sword-and-spear image of sensual pleasure cuts.
pamattabandhu — “kinsman of the negligent” — Āḷavikā's own epithet for Māra, naming his affinity with carelessness directly.

The text

The discourse in full: Māra's temptation, Āḷavikā's own reasoning, and her two-stanza rebuttal. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

§1So I have heard. At one time the Buddha was staying near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s monastery. Then the nun Āḷavikā robed up in the morning and, taking her bowl and robe, entered Sāvatthī for alms. She wandered for alms in Sāvatthī. After the meal, on her return from almsround, she went to the Dark Forest seeking seclusion. Then Māra the Wicked, wanting to make the nun Āḷavikā feel fear, terror, and goosebumps, wanting to make her fall away from seclusion, went up to her and addressed her in verse:

§2“There’s no escape in the world, so what will seclusion do for you? Enjoy erotic delights; don’t regret it later.”

§3Then the nun Āḷavikā thought, “Who’s speaking this verse, a human or a non-human?” Then she thought, “This is Māra the Wicked, wanting to make me feel fear, terror, and goosebumps, wanting to make me fall away from seclusion!” Then Āḷavikā, knowing that this was Māra the Wicked, replied to him in verse:

§4“There is an escape in the world, and I’ve personally experienced it with wisdom. O Wicked One, kinsman of the negligent, you don’t know that state. Sensual pleasures are like swords and spears; the aggregates are their chopping block. What you call erotic delight is now no delight for me.”

§5Then Māra the Wicked, thinking, “The nun Āḷavikā knows me!” miserable and sad, vanished right there.

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Self-check quiz

Ten questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 10
What new pattern does this discourse establish, opening a new saṃyutta?
Correct: A. Independence, not mediation through the Buddha, as this collection's starting premise.
Question 2 of 10
How is Āḷavikā's recognition of Māra presented?
Correct: A. First wondering who speaks, then concluding it must be Māra — a shown process, not an assumed given.
Question 3 of 10
What does Māra claim at the discourse's opening?
Correct: A. A direct challenge to the value of her secluded meditation.
Question 4 of 10
How does Āḷavikā ground her rebuttal to this claim?
Correct: A. What she herself has verified, not merely what she has been told.
Question 5 of 10
What image does Āḷavikā use to describe sensual pleasures?
Correct: A. An unusually severe image, framing sensuality as actively dangerous rather than merely uninteresting.
Question 6 of 10
What epithet does Āḷavikā use for Māra?
Correct: A. Naming his affinity with carelessness directly.
Question 7 of 10
How does Māra's closing thought in this discourse compare to the Mārasaṃyutta's usual formula?
Correct: A. “The nun Āḷavikā knows me” — continuing rather than resetting the extended recognition formula.
Question 8 of 10
Where does this discourse take place?
Correct: A. A setting several other discourses in this saṃyutta will share.
Question 9 of 10
What was Āḷavikā doing before Māra's approach?
Correct: A. The circumstance several other discourses in this saṃyutta will also share.
Question 10 of 10
What does Āḷavikā say Māra doesn't know?
Correct: A. The direct contrast between Māra's claim of no escape and her own verified experience of it.
Answered 0 of 10 · Correct 0