Saṃyutta Nikāya · Discourse 51.32

The Realized One

Tathāgatasutta — Ayoguḷavagga

Setting
Sāvatthī
Speakers
The Buddha and the mendicants
Form
A question-and-answer exchange, closing this vagga at its own twelfth discourse
Length
~2 minutes to read
Northern parallel
No individual parallel confirmed by this project's own check
Significance
★★★★★ — Vagga 3's own true closing discourse, confirmed directly by its own colophon and uddāna to number twelve, resolving the puzzle this project flagged at SN 51.30

Why this discourse

Confirmed by direct reading of this discourse's own closing Pāli lines, Vagga 3 (Ayoguḷavagga) closes here, at its own TWELFTH discourse (“Dvādasamaṁ”) followed by “Ayoguḷavaggo tatiyo” and a twelve-item uddāna matching SN 51.21 through SN 51.32 exactly — resolving the honest structural question this project raised at SN 51.30: that discourse's own “Dasamaṁ” correctly marked its position as the vagga's own tenth discourse, not its last, since this vagga simply runs two discourses longer than Vagga 1 and Vagga 2 both did.

Reading guide

The puzzle resolved: twelve, not ten

This project's own confirmation: SN 51.30's own “Dasamaṁ” was correct as a plain ordinal — it genuinely was the vagga's own tenth discourse — but this project was right not to assume it meant the vagga's own last discourse, since this vagga's own true close, confirmed here, comes two discourses later at SN 51.32, marked “Dvādasamaṁ” (“twelfth”).

The Buddha's own power, asked about directly

Confirmed by direct reading, this discourse mirrors SN 51.31 exactly in structure — the Buddha asks the mendicants what he himself has “developed and cultivated so as to have such power and might,” they defer with the same formula, and the Buddha answers his own question — but now the subject is the Buddha himself (“tathāgato”), not Moggallāna.

Twelve titles, confirmed item by item

This project's own count, matching the uddāna's own twelve-item list directly against the discourses themselves: Magga (51.21), Ayoguḷa (51.22), Bhikkhu (51.23), Suddhika (51.24), the two Fruits discourses (51.25-26), the two Ānanda discourses (51.27-28), the two Several-Mendicants discourses (51.29-30), Moggallāna (51.31), and Tathāgata (51.32) — twelve titles for twelve discourses, exactly.

The six direct knowledges, cross-referenced once more

Confirmed by direct reading, this discourse closes with the same bracketed translator's cross-reference already met at SN 51.21: “(The six direct knowledges should be told in full.)” — pointing back to SN 51.11's own complete account rather than repeating it here.

Key terms

tathāgato evaṁmahiddhiko evaṁmahānubhāvo — “the Realized One... so powerful and mighty” — the discourse's own subject, echoing the same description already given for Moggallāna at SN 51.14 and SN 51.31
Bhagavaṁmūlakā no, bhante, dhammā — “our teachings are rooted in the Buddha” — the mendicants' own deferral, met a fifth time in this vagga alone
Dvādasamaṁ — “twelfth” — this discourse's own closing ordinal, confirming its own position as Vagga 3's own final discourse
Ayoguḷavaggo tatiyo — “Vagga 3, the Iron-Ball Vagga” — the vagga's own true closing colophon, present here where SN 51.30 lacked it
chaḷabhiññāyo vitthāretabbā — “the six direct knowledges should be told in full” — the translator's own cross-reference, the same bracketed instruction already met at SN 51.21

The text

The complete discourse. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

§1There the Buddha addressed the mendicants: “What do you think, mendicants? What things has the Realized One developed and cultivated so as to have such power and might?”

§2“Our teachings are rooted in the Buddha. …” “The Realized One has become so powerful and mighty by developing and cultivating the four bases of psychic power.

§3What four? It’s when a mendicant develops the basis of psychic power that has immersion due to enthusiasm, and active effort. He thinks: ‘My enthusiasm won’t be too lax or too tense. And it’ll be neither constricted internally nor scattered externally.’ And he meditates perceiving before and behind: as before, so behind; as behind, so before; as below, so above; as above, so below; as by day, so by night; as by night, so by day. And so, with an open and unenveloped heart, he develops a mind that’s full of radiance. He develops the basis of psychic power that has immersion due to energy … mental development … inquiry, and active effort. He thinks: ‘My inquiry won’t be too lax or too tense. And it’ll be neither constricted internally nor scattered externally.’ And he meditates perceiving before and behind: as before, so behind; as behind, so before; as below, so above; as above, so below; as by day, so by night; as by night, so by day. And so, with an open and unenveloped heart, he develops a mind that’s full of radiance. The Realized One has become so powerful and mighty by developing and cultivating these four bases of psychic power.

§4And by developing and cultivating these four bases of psychic power, the Realized One wields the many kinds of psychic power: multiplying himself and becoming one again … controlling the body as far as the realm of divinity. And by developing and cultivating these four bases of psychic power, the Realized One realizes the undefiled freedom of heart and freedom by wisdom in this very life. And he lives having realized it with his own insight due to the ending of defilements.”

§5(The six direct knowledges should be told in full.)

· · ·

Self-check quiz

3 questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 3
What does this discourse's own colophon confirm about Vagga 3, resolving the question raised at SN 51.30?
Correct: A. "Dvādasamaṁ" ("twelfth") followed by "Ayoguḷavaggo tatiyo" and a twelve-item uddāna, confirmed directly.
Question 2 of 3
How does this discourse's own content compare to SN 51.31?
Correct: A. Confirmed by direct reading: the same question-and-deferral-and-answer structure, now applied to the Tathāgata himself.
Question 3 of 3
How many discourses does the uddāna's own twelve-item list confirm for this vagga?
Correct: A. This project's own item-by-item match: Magga, Ayoguḷa, Bhikkhu, Suddhika, two Fruits, two Ānanda, two Several-Mendicants, Moggallāna, Tathāgata — twelve exactly.
Answered 0 of 3 · Correct 0