Saṃyutta Nikāya · Discourse 55.35

Footprints of the Gods (2nd)

Dutiyadevapadasutta — Puññābhisandavagga

Setting
Not given — continuing directly from SN 55.34's own setting
Speaker
The Buddha, addressing the mendicants directly
Form
SN 55.34's own compressed formula, filled out with a personal reflection for each factor
Length
1–2 minutes to read
Northern parallel
No individual parallel confirmed by this project's own check
Significance
★★★★ — the full version of SN 55.34's own compressed formula, adding a distinctive first-person reflection tying the four factors to non-harming

Why this discourse

Confirmed by direct reading, this discourse fills out SN 55.34's own bare structure with a genuinely new element: after establishing each factor, the disciple reflects, “I hear that these days the gods consider non-harming to be supreme. But I don't hurt any creature firm or frail. I definitely live in possession of a footprint of the gods” — a first-person confirmation connecting the four factors to a specific, named ethical quality: non-harming.

Reading guide

A specific quality named: non-harming

Confirmed by direct reading, unlike SN 55.34's own bare statement, this discourse specifies what the “footprint” actually consists of: not harming any creature, “firm or frail” — a concrete, singular ethical marker the disciple can directly verify in their own conduct.

A reported belief about the gods, held lightly

Confirmed by direct reading, the reflection's own framing — “I hear that these days the gods consider non-harming to be supreme” — is phrased as received report rather than the Buddha's own direct claim about divine opinion, a genuinely hedged construction this project notes rather than smooths over.

Confirmation repeated for all four factors

Confirmed by direct reading, the identical reflective structure — establishing the factor, then the same non-harming reflection — is repeated for all four, though only the first and fourth are given in full in the consulted English source, with the middle two elided via “…”.

Key terms

devapadan”ti suṇāmi ahiṁsāya bahulattaṁ — “I hear that these days the gods consider non-harming to be supreme” — the reflection's own reported, not directly asserted, premise
na kañci pāṇaṁ na hiṁsāmi thāvaraṁ vā tasaṁ vā — “I don't hurt any creature firm or frail” — the disciple's own self-verification
addhā devapade ṭhito — “I definitely live in possession of a footprint of the gods” — the reflection's own confident conclusion
ahiṁsā — “non-harming” — the specific ethical quality this discourse names as the actual content of the “footprint” image
aveccappasāda — “experiential confidence” — the shared term for confidence in the Buddha, teaching, and Saṅgha, unchanged throughout

The text

Every genuinely translated fragment given in the consulted English source. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

§1“Mendicants, these four footprints of the gods are in order to purify unpurified beings and cleanse unclean beings. What four? Firstly, a noble disciple has experiential confidence in the Buddha: ‘That Blessed One is perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those fit for training, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed.’ Then they reflect: ‘What now is the footprint of the gods?’ They understand: ‘I hear that these days the gods consider non-harming to be supreme. But I don’t hurt any creature firm or frail. I definitely live in possession of a footprint of the gods.’ This is the first footprint of the gods in order to purify unpurified beings and cleanse unclean beings.

§2Furthermore, a noble disciple has experiential confidence in the teaching … the Saṅgha … Furthermore, a noble disciple’s ethical conduct is loved by the noble ones, unbroken, impeccable, spotless, and unmarred, liberating, praised by sensible people, not mistaken, and leading to immersion. Then they reflect: ‘What now is the footprint of the gods?’ They understand: ‘I hear that these days the gods consider non-harming to be supreme. But I don’t hurt any creature firm or frail. I definitely live in possession of a footprint of the gods.’ This is the fourth footprint of the gods in order to purify unpurified beings and cleanse unclean beings. These four footprints of the gods are in order to purify unpurified beings and cleanse unclean beings.”

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Self-check quiz

3 questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 3
What specific quality does this discourse's own reflection name as the actual content of "a footprint of the gods"?
Correct: A. Confirmed by direct reading — a concrete, verifiable ethical quality.
Question 2 of 3
How is the claim about the gods' own view framed in this discourse?
Correct: A. Confirmed by direct reading — a genuinely hedged, reported construction, noted rather than smoothed over.
Question 3 of 3
How does this discourse relate to SN 55.34's own compressed version?
Correct: A. Confirmed by direct comparison — the fuller version of the identical formula.
Answered 0 of 3 · Correct 0