Saṃyutta Nikāya · Discourse 6.12

About Devadatta

Devadattasutta

Setting
On Vulture's Peak, near Rājagaha, not long after Devadatta's departure
Speakers
Brahmā Sahampati, addressing the Buddha
Form
A single four-line verse, offered without further narrative
Length
~1.5 minutes to read
Northern parallel
A rough counterpart may exist in the Chinese Saṃyukta-āgama (T99), though this reading guide does not assert a specific matching sutra number
Difficulty
★★☆☆☆ — brief, with a stark image at its center

Why this discourse

This discourse marks a real historical rupture in the community with the barest possible narration: only the timestamp ‘not long after Devadatta had left’ signals what has happened. No account of the schism itself appears here; instead Brahmā Sahampati arrives and speaks a single image-dense verse, comparing what befalls a person of bad character who receives honor to three plants destroyed by their own fruit, and to a mule destroyed by its own pregnancy — the verse trusting its images to carry a judgment the discourse never states outright.

Reading guide

A schism marked by absence, not narration

The discourse's only reference to what has happened is a single phrase — ‘not long after Devadatta had left’ — assuming the audience already knows the larger story rather than recounting it, much as SN 6.7's brief verse assumed prior knowledge of Kokālika.

Three plants sharing one fate

The verse's opening image stacks three specific plants — banana, bamboo, reed — each one killed by producing its own fruit, a botanical fact used as the vehicle for the verse's real subject before that subject is even named.

Honor as the destructive agent, not condemnation

The verse's turn is precise: it isn't wrongdoing itself that destroys a person of bad character, but honor received — sakkāro kāpurisaṁ hanti — suggesting the danger lay specifically in status and acclaim outpacing character, not in ambition alone.

A closing image drawn from outside plant life entirely

The verse's final line shifts registers from botany to animal husbandry — a mule destroyed by its own pregnancy, referencing the ancient understanding that mules cannot safely bear offspring — broadening the pattern from plants to a mammal, generalizing the principle rather than repeating the same kind of image a fourth time.

No verdict on Devadatta stated directly

The discourse never names Devadatta as the reprobate in question, nor does the Buddha respond with any recorded verse of his own here; the application is left implicit, trusting the timing and the verse's content together to make the connection without requiring it to be spelled out.

Key terms

phalaṁ ve kadaliṁ hanti — “the banana plant is destroyed by its own fruit” — the verse's opening image, the first of three plants sharing this fate.
sakkāro kāpurisaṁ hanti — “honor destroys a reprobate” — the verse's central turn, naming acclaim rather than wrongdoing as the destructive force.
kāpurisa — a person of bad character, a reprobate — the verse's term for the one honor destroys.
gabbho assatariṁ yathā — “as pregnancy destroys a mule” — the closing image, shifting from plant life to animal husbandry.
acirapakkante devadatte — “not long after Devadatta had left” — the discourse's only direct reference to the schism it responds to.

The text

The discourse in full. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

§1So I have heard. At one time the Buddha was staying near Rājagaha, on the Vulture’s Peak Mountain, not long after Devadatta had left. Then, late at night, the glorious divinity Sahampati, lighting up the entire Vulture’s Peak, went up to the Buddha, bowed, stood to one side, and spoke this verse in the Buddha’s presence:

§2“The banana plant is destroyed by its own fruit, as are the bamboo and the reed. Honor destroys a reprobate, as pregnancy destroys a mule.”

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Self-check quiz

Ten questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 10
How does this discourse reference Devadatta's departure?
Correct: A. Assuming the audience already knows the larger story, as SN 6.7 did with Kokālika.
Question 2 of 10
What three plants does the verse's opening image name?
Correct: A. Each killed by producing its own fruit, setting up the verse's real subject.
Question 3 of 10
According to the verse, what specifically destroys a person of bad character?
Correct: A. Sakkāro kāpurisaṁ hanti — the verse's precise and pointed turn.
Question 4 of 10
What is the verse's closing image?
Correct: A. Shifting from plant life to animal husbandry, broadening the pattern.
Question 5 of 10
Does the discourse explicitly name Devadatta as the "reprobate" in the verse?
Correct: A. Trusting the timing and content together to make the connection.
Question 6 of 10
Who speaks the verse in this discourse?
Correct: A. The same divinity who reports Kokālika's death in SN 6.10.
Question 7 of 10
Where does this discourse take place?
Correct: A. The same mountain associated with several events in the Buddha's later ministry.
Question 8 of 10
Does the Buddha offer a recorded verse of his own in response?
Correct: A. The discourse ends with Sahampati's verse alone, unelaborated.
Question 9 of 10
What does "kāpurisa" mean?
Correct: A. The verse's term for the one whom honor ultimately destroys.
Question 10 of 10
How does this discourse's brevity compare to a full narration of the schism?
Correct: A. A brief timestamp and a four-line verse are the entire discourse.
Answered 0 of 10 · Correct 0