Theragatha · 4.2

Bhagu

Bhagu — The Book of the Fours · Chapter One · Poem 2 of 12

Setting
A walking-meditation path, without a translated attribution
Speaker
Bhagu, recalling a moment of drowsiness and recovery
Form
Four four-line verses — a fall, a recovery, then the same closing pair shared with Thag 4.1
Length
under 1 minute to read
Northern parallel
This reading guide does not assert a specific matching text for this poem in other Buddhist literatures.
Difficulty
★☆☆☆☆ — plain, physical narrative

Why this text

Overwhelmed by drowsiness, Bhagu falls to the ground right on the walking-meditation path — then rubs his limbs, climbs back up, and walks on, serene inside himself, before the same realization and freedom described in Thag 4.1 completes his verse.

Reading guide

A fall, described without embarrassment

The first verse reports the fall plainly: ‘overwhelmed by drowsiness, I left my dwelling... stepping up to the path for walking meditation, I fell to the ground right there’. No excuse is offered and no shame dwelt on — the second verse simply reports getting back up: ‘I rubbed my limbs, and again I stepped up on the path... serene inside myself’.

The same closing pair found at Thag 4.1

As at Thag 4.1 (Nāgasamāla), this poem's third and fourth verses — realization, disillusionment, a freed mind, the three knowledges attained — are word for word identical to that poem's ending, and to Thag 4.9 (Candana)'s as well. Three very different physical circumstances — a dancer glimpsed, a fall recovered from, a wife encountered — all arrive at the same eight lines.

A name that may match an already-translated visit

This site's own MN 128 describes the Buddha visiting ‘a fellow Sakyan, Bhagu’, staying alone in a village of child salt-miners, and giving him ‘an encouraging Dhamma talk’ before continuing on to Anuruddha's community. No comment on this specific poem confirms the identification, but a monk struggling alone with drowsiness, later composing a verse of quiet perseverance, fits comfortably beside a monk the Buddha found worth a personal visit and encouragement.

Key terms

middhena pakato — “overwhelmed by drowsiness” — the poem's opening condition.
caṅkamaṁ — “the path for walking meditation” — where Bhagu falls, and where he gets back up.
ajjhattaṁ susamāhito — “serene inside myself” — his state after recovering and resuming.
yoniso manāsīkāro — “the realization... came upon me” — opening the closing pair of verses shared with Thag 4.1 and Thag 4.9.
tisso vijjā anuppattā, kataṁ buddhassa sāsanaṁ — “I've attained the three knowledges and fulfilled the Buddha's instructions” — this poem's closing formula, identical to Thag 4.1's and Thag 4.9's.

The text

The text in full: four verses, with no separate attribution line in this chapter. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

§1Overwhelmed by drowsiness, I left my dwelling. Stepping up to the path for walking meditation, I fell to the ground right there.

§2I rubbed my limbs, and again I stepped up on the path for walking meditation. I walked meditation up and down the path, serene inside myself.

§3Then the realization came upon me—the danger became clear, and I grew firmly disillusioned.

§4Then my mind was freed—behold the clear rightness of the teaching! I’ve attained the three knowledges, and fulfilled the Buddha’s instructions.

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Self-check quiz

Ten questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 10
What happens to Bhagu in the first verse?
Correct: C. While stepping up to the walking-meditation path.
Question 2 of 10
How does the second verse describe his recovery?
Correct: D. No excuse offered, no shame dwelt on.
Question 3 of 10
What do this poem's third and fourth verses share with Thag 4.1 and Thag 4.9?
Correct: C. The same eight-line ending, despite three different circumstances.
Question 4 of 10
What already-translated discourse on this site may feature the same Bhagu?
Correct: A. Staying alone in a village of child salt-miners.
Question 5 of 10
What does MN 128 say the Buddha did for this Bhagu?
Correct: B. Before continuing on to Anuruddha's community in the same discourse.
Question 6 of 10
Is the identification with MN 128's Bhagu confirmed by a comment on this poem?
Correct: B. This chapter carries no surviving comments at all.
Question 7 of 10
What does 'caṅkamaṁ' mean?
Correct: A. Where Bhagu falls, and where he gets back up.
Question 8 of 10
What does 'ajjhattaṁ susamāhito' mean?
Correct: A. Bhagu's state after recovering and resuming his walking meditation.
Question 9 of 10
How does the poem treat the fall itself?
Correct: D. Reported directly, then simply followed by recovery.
Question 10 of 10
Where does this poem fall in the Book of the Fours?
Correct: B. Following Nāgasamāla's opening poem.
Answered 0 of 10 · Correct 0