Therigatha · 5.12

Candā

Candā — The Book of the Fives · Poem 12 of 12

Setting
No narrative setting beyond what the verses state; no closing attribution
Speaker
The nun Candā, recounting destitution, then ordination under Paṭācārā's personal guidance
Form
Five four-line verses, closing the Book of the Fives
Length
under 1 minute to read
Northern parallel
This reading guide does not assert a specific matching text for this poem in other Buddhist literatures.
Difficulty
★★★☆☆ — one of this collection's bleakest opening states, before its resolution

Why this text

This poem closes the Book of the Fives with one of its bleakest openings: a childless widow, without friends or family, unable to secure ‘food or clothes’, begging from door to door for seven years, burned by heat and cold. It is Paṭācārā — named directly for a third consecutive poem in this book — who ordains her out of sympathy, and Candā's own closing declaration echoes, almost word for word, the thirty nuns' declaration in the poem just before it.

Reading guide

Destitution, stated without softening

‘A childless widow, bereft of friends or relatives, I got neither food nor clothes’ opens the poem in a state as bleak as any in this collection — seven years spent begging from family to family, ‘burned by heat and cold’.

Paṭācārā, named for a third poem running

‘Out of sympathy for me, Paṭācārā gave me the going forth’ makes this the third consecutive poem in the Book of the Fives to name her directly — her own realization in Thig 5.10, the thirty nuns she taught in Thig 5.11, and now a single destitute widow she personally ordains.

A specific request, quoted directly

‘Approaching her, I said: “send me forth to homelessness”’ preserves Candā's own words at the moment of asking — a specific, quoted request, not only a general account of seeking ordination.

A declaration echoing the poem just before it

‘Master of the three knowledges, I am free of defilements’ closes this poem almost word for word as the thirty nuns closed Thig 5.11 — one woman's declaration now matching the group's, closing the entire book on the same formula.

Key terms

Candā — this poem's speaker, whose destitution before ordination is described in stark, unsoftened terms.
vidhavā aputtikā — “a childless widow” — her own description of her situation before Paṭācārā's ordination.
anukampā — “sympathy” or compassion — named directly as Paṭācārā's motive for ordaining her.
paramattha — “the ultimate goal” — what Paṭācārā, having ordained her, then urged her on toward.
tevijjā anāsavā — “master of the three knowledges, free of defilements” — the same declaration, almost word for word, that closed the thirty nuns' account in Thig 5.11.

The text

The text in full: five verses, closing the Book of the Fives. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

§1I used to be in a sorry state. As a childless widow, bereft of friends or relatives, I got neither food nor clothes.

§2I took a bowl and a staff and went begging from family to family. For seven years I wandered, burned by heat and cold.

§3Then I saw a nun receiving food and drink. Approaching her, I said: “Send me forth to homelessness.”

§4Out of sympathy for me, Paṭācārā gave me the going forth. Then, having advised me, she urged me on to the ultimate goal.

§5After hearing her words, I did her bidding. The lady’s advice was not in vain: master of the three knowledges, I am free of defilements.

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Self-check quiz

Ten questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 10
How does this poem describe Candā's situation before ordination?
Correct: B. One of this collection's bleakest opening states.
Question 2 of 10
How long does the poem say Candā wandered begging, burned by heat and cold?
Correct: C. A specific span, echoing Thig 5.3's Sīhā's own seven years of suffering.
Question 3 of 10
Who ordains Candā, and why, according to this poem?
Correct: B. The third consecutive poem in this book to name Paṭācārā directly.
Question 4 of 10
What words does the poem quote Candā saying to Paṭācārā directly?
Correct: C. A specific, quoted request at the moment of asking.
Question 5 of 10
How does this poem's closing declaration compare to Thig 5.11's?
Correct: B. One woman's declaration now matching the group's, closing the entire book on the same formula.
Question 6 of 10
What does 'anukampā' mean?
Correct: C. Named directly as the reason for Paṭācārā's action.
Question 7 of 10
What structural marker does bilara-data's underlying source place immediately after this poem?
Correct: A. The same kind of bibliographic close seen at the end of the Books of the Threes and Fours.
Question 8 of 10
What does 'paramattha' mean?
Correct: A. Named directly in the verse describing Paṭācārā's guidance.
Question 9 of 10
What position does this poem hold in the Book of the Fives?
Correct: D. The final poem of twelve in the Book of the Fives.
Question 10 of 10
How many poems in a row, counting this one, name Paṭācārā directly?
Correct: D. Her own realization, then the thirty nuns she taught, then this individually ordained widow.
Answered 0 of 10 · Correct 0