Udāna · Heartfelt Sayings 3.8

One Who Eats Only Almsfood

Piṇḍapātikasutta

Setting
Near Sāvatthī, in Jeta’s Grove, at the pavilion by the kareri tree
Speakers
Several unnamed mendicants in conversation, then the Buddha
Form
An overheard, unfinished conversation, the Buddha’s reproof, and a closing four-line verse
Length
~2 minutes to read
Chapter
Eighth discourse of the Nandavagga, the third chapter of the Udāna (Ud 3.1–3.10)
Difficulty
★★☆☆☆ — a short, plain scene

Why this discourse, eighth of the Nandavagga

A group of mendicants talk themselves into a small piece of self-congratulation: begging for alms comes with real perks — pleasant sights and sounds, and the respect of the people they meet. The Buddha, overhearing where the conversation was headed, doesn’t argue the point so much as redirect it, and closes with a verse that takes the previous discourse’s praise of the alms-mendicant and adds exactly one qualifying line.

Reading guide

Overhearing a comfortable conversation

After the meal, several mendicants sit together in the pavilion by the kareri tree and land on an appealing observation: a mendicant who eats only almsfood gets, in the course of wandering for alms, “pleasing sights… pleasing sounds… pleasing flavors,” and is met “being honored, respected, revered, venerated, and esteemed.” Their conclusion follows naturally — “Come, we too should eat only almsfood” — before the conversation is left unfinished as the Buddha arrives.

Two things worth talking about

The Buddha doesn’t dispute that these are real perks of the practice. He simply names the deeper problem: talking this way isn’t “appropriate for you gentlemen who have gone forth out of faith from the lay life to homelessness.” His alternative is stated as a firm binary: “When you’re sitting together you should do one of two things: discuss the teachings or keep noble silence.” This exact formula recurs word for word in the very next discourse, applied to a different but equally worldly topic — suggesting it functions as a standing principle for this community, not a one-off correction.

One word added, one thorn exposed

The closing verse repeats, almost exactly, the one that ended Ud 3.7: “A mendicant who relies on alms, self-supported, providing for no other; the unaffected one is envied by even the gods” — and then departs from it. Where the earlier verse closed with “calm and ever mindful,” this one closes instead with “but not if they’re after popularity and reputation.” The outward practice described is identical in both verses; what has changed is the addition of a condition. Read right after mendicants praising the very honor and esteem the practice brings, the qualifier lands precisely: the same conduct that gods genuinely envy stops being praiseworthy the moment that honor itself becomes the point.

Key terms

piṇḍapātika — “one who eats only almsfood” — the ascetic practice named in this discourse’s title, and the topic of the mendicants’ unfinished conversation.
“discuss the teachings or keep noble silence” — the Buddha’s stated formula for what is appropriate conversation among mendicants sitting together; repeated verbatim in the following discourse, Ud 3.9.
“gone forth out of faith” — the Buddha’s reminder of the original motivation for renunciation, invoked here to contrast with talk of alms-round perks.
kareri tree pavilion — the specific meeting place named for this conversation, a recurring location within the Jeta’s Grove monastery.
the changed final line — the one difference between this verse and the nearly identical verse in Ud 3.7 — “but not if they’re after popularity and reputation” replaces “calm and ever mindful,” adding a condition on when the practice is genuinely praiseworthy.

The text

The discourse in full. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

§1So I have heard. At one time the Buddha was staying near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s monastery. Now at that time, after the meal, on return from almsround, several mendicants sat together in the pavilion by the kareri tree and this discussion came up among them:

§2“Reverends, when a mendicant who eats only almsfood is wandering for alms, from time to time they get to see pleasing sights, hear pleasing sounds, smell pleasing odors, taste pleasing flavors, and encounter pleasing touches. They wander for alms being honored, respected, revered, venerated, and esteemed. Come, we too should eat only almsfood. From time to time we too will get to see pleasing sights, hear pleasing sounds, smell pleasing odors, taste pleasing flavors, and encounter pleasing touches. We too shall wander for alms being honored, respected, revered, venerated, and esteemed.” At that point the conversation among those mendicants was left unfinished.

§3–4Then in the late afternoon, the Buddha came out of retreat and went to the pavilion by the kareri tree, where he sat on the seat spread out and addressed the mendicants: “Mendicants, what were you sitting talking about just now? What conversation was left unfinished?” So the mendicants told him what they had been talking about. The Buddha said,

§6“Mendicants, it is not appropriate for you gentlemen who have gone forth out of faith from the lay life to homelessness to talk about such things. When you’re sitting together you should do one of two things: discuss the teachings or keep noble silence.”

§7Then, understanding this matter, on that occasion the Buddha expressed this heartfelt sentiment:

§8“A mendicant who relies on alms,
self-supported, providing for no other;
the unaffected one is envied by even the gods,
but not if they’re after popularity and reputation.”

· · ·

Self-check quiz

Ten questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 10
Where does the mendicants’ conversation take place?
Correct: A. This specific location in Jeta’s Grove is named directly.
Question 2 of 10
What perks do the mendicants say come with eating only almsfood?
Correct: B. This exact list is what draws them into the conversation.
Question 3 of 10
What do the mendicants propose because of these perks?
Correct: B. “Come, we too should eat only almsfood” is their stated conclusion.
Question 4 of 10
Who interrupts and ends this unfinished conversation?
Correct: B. The Buddha arrives and asks what they had been discussing.
Question 5 of 10
What does the Buddha say are the only appropriate things to discuss when sitting together?
Correct: B. This exact formula is stated directly.
Question 6 of 10
How does the Buddha characterize talking about such worldly perks?
Correct: B. He frames it as inconsistent with their original motivation for renunciation, not as a punishable offense.
Question 7 of 10
How does this discourse’s closing verse differ from Ud 3.7’s closing verse?
Correct: B. The first three lines are nearly identical; only the closing line differs.
Question 8 of 10
According to the reading guide, what does that changed final line add?
Correct: B. This is the reading guide’s central point about the verse’s one changed line.
Question 9 of 10
What is the shared opening line of both this verse and Ud 3.7’s verse?
Correct: A. Both verses begin identically before diverging at the end.
Question 10 of 10
According to the reading guide, why might Ud 3.7 and Ud 3.8 be read as a pair?
Correct: B. The reading guide draws this direct connection between the two consecutive discourses.
Answered 0 of 10 · Correct 0