Part 6 of the collection · Fascicle 3 of 80 · 世主妙嚴品第一之三(初) · T279

The Eight Classes of Non-Human Kings Speak

Fascicle three opens with the same pattern established in fascicle two, now applied to the eight great classes of non-human kings first named in fascicle one: gandharvas, kumbhāṇḍas, nāgas, yakṣas, mahoragas, kiṃnaras, garuḍas, and asuras. Each class restates its roster with a liberation gateway unique to every king, and one king from each class speaks a verse in praise of the Buddha on the whole class's behalf, each stanza naming another king in turn.

Translator: Ru-Yi Meditation Center Status: Part 6 — opens fascicle 3 Source: Taishō T279 (Śikṣānanda, Tang, 695–699 CE)

The Gandharva Kings

Chinese Source

復次,持國乾闥婆王,得自在方便攝一切眾生解脫門;樹光乾闥婆王,得普見一切功德莊嚴解脫門;淨目乾闥婆王,得永斷一切眾生憂苦出生歡喜藏解脫門;華冠乾闥婆王,得永斷一切眾生邪見惑解脫門;喜步普音乾闥婆王,得如雲廣布普蔭澤一切眾生解脫門,樂搖動美目乾闥婆王,得現廣大妙好身令一切獲安樂解脫門;妙音師子幢乾闥婆王,得普散十方一切大名稱寶解脫門;普放寶光明乾闥婆王,得現一切大歡喜光明清淨身解脫門;金剛樹華幢乾闥婆王,得普滋榮一切樹令見者歡喜解脫門;普現莊嚴乾闥婆王,得善入一切佛境界與眾生安樂解脫門。

Ru-Yi Translation

Furthermore, Gandharva King Dhṛtarāṣṭra attained the liberation gateway of the sovereign skillful means that gathers in every living being. The Gandharva King of Tree-Light attained the liberation gateway of universally beholding every adornment of merit. The Gandharva King of the Pure Eye attained the liberation gateway of forever severing the care and suffering of every living being and bringing forth the treasury of joy. The Gandharva King of the Flower Crown attained the liberation gateway of forever severing the confusion of wrong views in every living being. The Gandharva King of Joyful Stride and Universal Voice attained the liberation gateway of spreading wide like a cloud, universally shading and enriching every living being. The Gandharva King Delighting to Stir the Beautiful Eye attained the liberation gateway of manifesting a vast and excellent body, causing all to attain peace and joy. The Gandharva King of the Wondrous Voice and the Lion's Banner attained the liberation gateway of universally scattering the jewel of great renown throughout the ten directions. The Gandharva King Universally Emitting Jeweled Light attained the liberation gateway of manifesting a pure body of light, the light of great joy, for all. The Gandharva King of the Vajra Tree's Flower-Banner attained the liberation gateway of universally nourishing every tree to flourish, bringing joy to all who see it. And the Gandharva King Universally Manifesting Adornment attained the liberation gateway of skillfully entering every buddha's domain and bestowing peace and joy upon living beings.

Chinese Source

爾時,持國乾闥婆王,承佛威力,普觀一切乾闥婆眾而說頌言:

「諸佛境界無量門,一切眾生莫能入,
善逝如空性清淨,普為世間開正道。
如來一一毛孔中,功德大海皆充滿,
一切世間咸利樂,此樹光王所能見。

世間廣大憂苦海,佛能消竭悉無餘,
如來慈愍多方便,淨目於此能深解。
十方剎海無有邊,佛以智光咸照耀,
普使滌除邪惡見,此樹光王所入門。

佛於往昔無量劫,修習大慈方便行,
一切世間咸慰安,此道普音能悟入。
佛身清淨皆樂見,能生世間無盡樂,
解脫因果次第成,美目於斯善開示。

眾生迷惑常流轉,愚癡障蓋極堅密,
如來為說廣大法,師子幢王能演暢。
如來普現妙色身,無量差別等眾生,
種種方便照世間,普放寶光如是見。

大智方便無量門,佛為群生普開闡,
入勝菩提真實行,此金剛幢善觀察。
一剎那中百千劫,佛力能現無所動,
等以安樂施群生,此樂莊嚴之解脫。」

Ru-Yi Translation

At that time, Gandharva King Dhṛtarāṣṭra, sustained by the Buddha's majestic power, universally beheld the whole assembly of gandharvas, and spoke a verse, saying:

"The domains of every buddha open boundless gateways that not one living being can enter;
the Well-Gone One, pure in nature like space itself, opens the true path universally for the world's sake.
Within each and every pore of the Tathāgata, the great ocean of merit is entirely full,
and the whole world is benefited and brought to joy by it — this the Gandharva King of Tree-Light is able to behold.

The vast ocean of care and suffering in the world, the Buddha is able to exhaust entirely, without remainder;
the Tathāgata's compassionate skillful means are many — the Gandharva King of the Pure Eye deeply understands this.
The ocean of lands of the ten directions is without bound, and the Buddha illumines it entirely with the light of wisdom,
universally causing every wrong and evil view to be washed away — this is the gateway the Gandharva King of Tree-Light has entered.

The Buddha, in ages past across immeasurable kalpas, cultivated the practice of great loving-kindness's skillful means,
and the whole world is comforted and put at ease by it — this path the Gandharva King of Universal Voice awakens to and enters.
The Buddha's body is pure, delightful to behold by all, able to give rise to inexhaustible joy in the world,
the causes and results of liberation accomplished in due sequence — the Gandharva King of the Beautiful Eye skillfully reveals this.

Living beings, confused and deluded, forever turn and flow in transmigration, their ignorance an obstruction utterly dense and firm;
the Tathāgata teaches the vast Dharma for their sake — the Gandharva King of the Lion's Banner is able to proclaim it fully.
The Tathāgata manifests his wondrous form universally, immeasurably distinct, equal to living beings themselves,
illumining the world through every kind of skillful means — the Gandharva King Universally Emitting Jeweled Light beholds this.

Great wisdom's skillful means open boundless gateways, which the Buddha universally reveals for the multitude of living beings,
entering the true and excellent conduct of bodhi — this the Gandharva King of the Vajra Banner skillfully contemplates.
Within a single instant, a hundred thousand kalpas pass, and yet the Buddha's power is able to manifest without ever being moved,
bestowing peace and joy equally upon the multitude of living beings — this is the liberation of the Gandharva King Delighting in Adornment."

The Kumbhāṇḍa Kings

Chinese Source

復次,增長鳩槃荼王,得滅一切怨害力解脫門;龍主鳩槃荼王,得修習無邊行門海解脫門;莊嚴幢鳩槃荼王,得知一切眾生心所樂解脫門;饒益行鳩槃荼王,得普成就清淨大光明所作業解脫門;可怖畏鳩槃荼王,得開示一切眾生安隱無畏道解脫門;妙莊嚴鳩槃荼王,得消竭一切眾生愛欲海解脫門;高峯慧鳩槃荼王,得普現諸趣光明雲解脫門;勇健臂鳩槃荼王,得普放光明滅如山重障解脫門;無邊淨華眼鳩槃荼王,得開示不退轉大悲藏解脫門;廣大面鳩槃荼王,得普現諸趣流轉身解脫門。

Ru-Yi Translation

Furthermore, Kumbhāṇḍa King Virūḍhaka attained the liberation gateway of the power that extinguishes every enmity and harm. The Kumbhāṇḍa King, Lord of Nāgas, attained the liberation gateway of the ocean of boundless gates of conduct he cultivates. The Kumbhāṇḍa King of the Adorned Banner attained the liberation gateway of knowing what every living being's mind delights in. The Kumbhāṇḍa King of Enriching Conduct attained the liberation gateway of universally accomplishing every undertaking through pure, great light. The Fearsome Kumbhāṇḍa King attained the liberation gateway of revealing to every living being the peaceful, fearless path. The Kumbhāṇḍa King of Wondrous Adornment attained the liberation gateway of drying up the ocean of craving and desire in every living being. The Kumbhāṇḍa King of Lofty-Peak Wisdom attained the liberation gateway of universally manifesting a cloud of light throughout every realm of rebirth. The Kumbhāṇḍa King of the Valiant Arm attained the liberation gateway of universally emitting light that extinguishes obstructions as heavy as mountains. The Kumbhāṇḍa King of the Boundless, Pure Flower-Eye attained the liberation gateway of revealing the treasury of great compassion that never turns back. And the Kumbhāṇḍa King of the Vast Face attained the liberation gateway of universally manifesting a body amid the turning and flowing of every realm of rebirth.

Chinese Source

爾時,增長鳩槃荼王,承佛威力,普觀一切鳩槃荼眾而說頌言:

「成就忍力世導師,為物修行無量劫,
永離世間憍慢惑,是故其身最嚴淨。
佛昔普修諸行海,教化十方無量眾,
種種方便利群生,此解脫門龍主得。

佛以大智救眾生,莫不明了知其心,
種種自在而調伏,嚴幢見此生歡喜。
神通應現如光影,法輪真實同虛空,
如是處世無央劫,此饒益王之所證。

眾生癡翳常蒙惑,佛光照現安隱道,
為作救護令除苦,可畏能觀此法門。
欲海漂淪具眾苦,智光普照滅無餘,
既除苦已為說法,此妙莊嚴之所悟。

佛身普應無不見,種種方便化群生,
音如雷震雨法雨,如是法門高慧入。
清淨光明不唐發,若遇必令消重障,
演佛功德無有邊,勇臂能明此深理。

為欲安樂諸眾生,修習大悲無量劫,
種種方便除眾苦,如是淨華之所見。
神通自在不思議,其身普現遍十方,
而於一切無來去,此廣面王心所了。」

Ru-Yi Translation

At that time, Kumbhāṇḍa King Virūḍhaka, sustained by the Buddha's majestic power, universally beheld the whole assembly of kumbhāṇḍas, and spoke a verse, saying:

"Having accomplished the power of patience, the world's guide has practiced for every being's sake across immeasurable kalpas,
forever departing from the pride and confusion of the world — and so his body is the most adorned and pure of all.
The Buddha, in ages past, cultivated the whole ocean of every practice, teaching and transforming immeasurable multitudes throughout the ten directions,
benefiting them through every kind of skillful means — this liberation gateway the Kumbhāṇḍa King, Lord of Nāgas, has attained.

The Buddha, with great wisdom, rescues living beings, and there is not one whose mind he fails to understand clearly,
taming each through every kind of sovereign means — the Kumbhāṇḍa King of the Adorned Banner beholds this and rejoices.
His spiritual transmutation manifests in response like light and shadow, and the true Dharma-wheel is like empty space itself;
thus he dwells in the world across kalpas without limit — this the Kumbhāṇḍa King of Enriching Conduct has realized.

Living beings, forever covered and confused by the film of ignorance, are shown by the Buddha's light the peaceful path made manifest,
rescuing and protecting them so that their suffering is removed — the Fearsome Kumbhāṇḍa King is able to contemplate this Dharma-gateway.
Adrift and sunk in the ocean of desire, beset with every suffering, the light of wisdom shines universally and extinguishes it without remainder,
and once suffering is removed he teaches the Dharma — this is what the Kumbhāṇḍa King of Wondrous Adornment has awakened to.

The Buddha's body responds universally, and there is nowhere it is not seen, transforming the multitude through every kind of skillful means,
his voice like rolling thunder raining down the rain of the Dharma — this Dharma-gateway the Kumbhāṇḍa King of Lofty Wisdom enters.
His pure light is never emitted in vain; whoever encounters it surely has their heavy obstructions dissolved,
proclaiming the Buddha's merit without any bound — the Kumbhāṇḍa King of the Valiant Arm is able to make clear this profound principle.

Wishing to bring peace and joy to every living being, he cultivates great compassion across immeasurable kalpas,
removing every suffering through every kind of skillful means — this is what the Kumbhāṇḍa King of the Pure Flower beholds.
His spiritual transmutation, sovereign and inconceivable, manifests his body universally throughout the ten directions,
and yet in all of this he neither comes nor goes — this the Kumbhāṇḍa King of the Vast Face has fully understood in his mind."

Reading note — Ru-Yi Meditation Center

The Kumbhāṇḍa King "Lord of Nāgas" (龍主) is an odd name for a member of a class distinct from the nāgas proper, who receive their own roster later in this same installment — a reminder that these eight classes, though listed as fixed categories, were never treated as hermetically sealed from one another in the sūtra's own imagination.

The Nāga Kings

Chinese Source

復次,毘樓博叉龍王,得消滅一切諸龍趣熾然苦解脫門;娑竭羅龍王,得一念中轉自龍形示現無量眾生身解脫門;雲音幢龍王,得於一切諸有趣中以清淨音說佛無邊名號海解脫門;焰口龍王,得普現無邊佛世界建立差別解脫門;焰龍王,得一切眾生瞋癡蓋纏如來慈愍令除滅解脫門;雲幢龍王,得開示一切眾生大喜樂福德海解脫門;德叉迦龍王,得以清淨救護音滅除一切怖畏解脫門;無邊步龍王,得示現一切佛色身及住劫次第解脫門;清淨色速疾龍王,得出生一切眾生大愛樂歡喜海解脫門;普行大音龍王,得示現一切平等悅意無礙音解脫門;無熱惱龍王,得以大悲普覆雲滅一切世間苦解脫門。

Ru-Yi Translation

Furthermore, Nāga King Virūpākṣa attained the liberation gateway of extinguishing the blazing suffering of every realm of nāgas. Nāga King Sāgara attained the liberation gateway of transforming his own nāga form within a single thought to manifest immeasurable bodies of living beings. The Nāga King of the Cloud-Voice's Banner attained the liberation gateway of proclaiming, with a pure voice, the boundless ocean of the Buddha's names within every realm of existence. The Nāga King of the Flame Mouth attained the liberation gateway of universally manifesting the distinct establishment of boundless buddha-world-systems. The Flame Nāga King attained the liberation gateway of the Tathāgata's compassion removing the covering entanglement of anger and delusion from every living being. The Nāga King of the Cloud-Banner attained the liberation gateway of revealing the ocean of great joy and merit to every living being. Nāga King Takṣaka attained the liberation gateway of the pure, rescuing voice that extinguishes every fear. The Nāga King of Boundless Stride attained the liberation gateway of manifesting the form-body of every buddha and the sequence of kalpas in which they abide. The Swift Nāga King of Pure Form attained the liberation gateway of bringing forth the great ocean of delight and joy in every living being. The Nāga King of Universal Conduct and Great Voice attained the liberation gateway of manifesting the equal, delightful, and unobstructed voice for all. And the Nāga King Free of Burning Affliction attained the liberation gateway of the cloud of great compassion that covers all universally, extinguishing the suffering of every world.

Chinese Source

爾時,毘樓博叉龍王,承佛威力,普觀一切諸龍眾已,即說頌言:

「汝觀如來法常爾,一切眾生咸利益,
能以大慈哀愍力,拔彼畏塗淪墜者。
一切眾生種種別,於一毛端皆示現,
神通變化滿世間,娑竭如是觀於佛。

佛以神通無限力,廣演名號等眾生,
隨其所樂普使聞,如是雲音能悟解。
無量無邊國土眾,佛能令入一毛孔,
如來安坐彼會中,此焰口龍之所見。

一切眾生瞋恚心,纏蓋愚癡深若海,
如來慈愍皆滅除,焰龍觀此能明見。
一切眾生福德力,佛毛孔中皆顯現,
現已令歸大福海,此高雲幢之所觀。

佛身毛孔發智光,其光處處演妙音,
眾生聞者除憂畏,德叉迦龍悟斯道。
三世一切諸如來,國土莊嚴劫次第,
如是皆於佛身現,廣步見此神通力。

我觀如來往昔行,供養一切諸佛海,
於彼咸增喜樂心,此速疾龍之所入。
佛以方便隨類音,為眾說法令歡喜,
其音清雅眾所悅,普行聞此心欣悟。

眾生逼迫諸有中,業惑漂轉無人救,
佛以大悲令解脫,無熱大龍能悟此。」

Ru-Yi Translation

At that time, Nāga King Virūpākṣa, sustained by the Buddha's majestic power, having universally beheld the whole assembly of nāgas, then spoke a verse, saying:

"Behold how the Tathāgata's Dharma is forever thus, benefiting every living being entirely,
able through the power of great loving-kindness and compassion to pull out those sinking and drowning on the road of fear.
Every living being, distinct in every kind, he manifests entirely at the very tip of a single hair,
his spiritual transmutation filling the whole world — thus does Nāga King Sāgara behold the Buddha.

The Buddha, through his boundless power of spiritual transmutation, broadly proclaims names equal to living beings themselves,
causing all, according to their delight, to hear them universally — thus does the Nāga King of the Cloud-Voice awaken to and understand this.
Immeasurable, boundless multitudes of every land the Buddha is able to cause to enter a single pore,
and the Tathāgata sits at ease within that very assembly — this the Nāga King of the Flame Mouth beholds.

Every living being's mind of anger and hatred, entangled and covered by ignorance as deep as the ocean,
the Tathāgata's compassion extinguishes entirely — the Flame Nāga King beholds this and clearly perceives it.
Every living being's power of merit, the Buddha manifests entirely within his pores,
and, having manifested it, causes them to return to the great ocean of blessing — this the Nāga King of the Lofty Cloud-Banner beholds.

From the pores of the Buddha's body issue forth rays of wisdom's light, and that light, in every place, proclaims a wondrous voice,
and living beings who hear it have their care and fear removed — Nāga King Takṣaka awakens to this path.
Every Tathāgata of the three periods of time, the adornment of their lands and the sequence of their kalpas —
all of it appears within the Buddha's body alone; the Nāga King of Boundless Stride beholds this power of spiritual transmutation.

I behold the Tathāgata's practice in ages past, making offerings to the whole ocean of every buddha,
and in every one of them giving rise to a mind of joy and delight — this the Swift Nāga King has entered.
The Buddha, through skillful means, teaches with a voice suited to every kind, teaching the Dharma for the assembly's sake and bringing them joy,
his voice pure and elegant, delighting all who hear — the Nāga King of Universal Conduct, hearing this, is joyfully awakened.

Living beings, oppressed within every state of existence, are swept along by karma and confusion with no one to save them;
the Buddha, through great compassion, causes them to be liberated — the Great Nāga King Free of Burning Affliction is able to awaken to this."

The Yakṣa Kings

Chinese Source

復次,毘沙門夜叉王,得以無邊方便救護惡眾生解脫門;自在音夜叉王,得普觀察眾生方便救護解脫門;嚴持器仗夜叉王,得能資益一切甚羸惡眾生解脫門;大智慧夜叉王,得稱揚一切聖功德海解脫門;焰眼主夜叉王,得普觀察一切眾生大悲智解脫門;金剛眼夜叉王,得種種方便利益安樂一切眾生解脫門;勇健臂夜叉王,得普入一切諸法義解脫門;勇敵大軍夜叉王,得守護一切眾生令住於道無空過者解脫門;富財夜叉王,得增長一切眾生福德聚令恒受快樂解脫門;力壞高山夜叉王,得隨順憶念出生佛力智光明解脫門。

Ru-Yi Translation

Furthermore, Yakṣa King Vaiśravaṇa attained the liberation gateway of boundless skillful means to rescue and protect evil living beings. The Yakṣa King of Sovereign Voice attained the liberation gateway of universally observing living beings and rescuing them through skillful means. The Yakṣa King Solemnly Bearing Weapons attained the liberation gateway of being able to sustain and benefit even the most feeble and wretched living beings. The Yakṣa King of Great Wisdom attained the liberation gateway of proclaiming the whole ocean of merit of every sage. The Yakṣa Lord of the Flame-Eye attained the liberation gateway of the wisdom of great compassion that universally observes every living being. The Yakṣa King of the Vajra Eye attained the liberation gateway of benefiting and bringing peace and joy to every living being through every kind of skillful means. The Yakṣa King of the Valiant, Sturdy Arm attained the liberation gateway of universally entering the meaning of every dharma. The Yakṣa King, Valiant Foe of the Great Army, attained the liberation gateway of guarding every living being, causing them to abide on the path, with none passed over in vain. The Yakṣa King of Abundant Wealth attained the liberation gateway of increasing the mass of merit of every living being, causing them to forever enjoy happiness. And the Yakṣa King with Strength to Crush the Lofty Mountain attained the liberation gateway of bringing forth, through mindful recollection, the light of the Buddha's power and wisdom.

Chinese Source

爾時,多聞大夜叉王,承佛威力,普觀一切夜叉眾會而說頌言:

「眾生罪惡深可怖,於百千劫不見佛,
漂流生死受眾苦,為救是等佛興世。
如來救護諸世間,悉現一切眾生前,
息彼畏塗輪轉苦,如是法門音主入。

眾生惡業為重障,佛示妙理令開解,
譬以明燈照世間,此法嚴仗能觀見。
佛昔劫海修諸行,稱讚十方一切佛,
故有高遠大名聞,此智慧王之所了。

智慧如空無有邊,法身廣大不思議,
是故十方皆出現,焰目於此能觀察。
一切趣中演妙音,說法利益諸群生,
其聲所暨眾苦滅,入此方便金剛眼。

一切甚深廣大義,如來一句能演說,
如是教理等世間,勇健慧王之所悟。
一切眾生住邪道,佛示正道不思議,
普使世間成法器,此勇敵軍能悟解。

世間所有眾福業,一切皆由佛光照,
佛智慧海難測量,如是富財之解脫。
憶念往劫無央數,佛於是中修十力,
能令諸力皆圓滿,此高幢王所了知。」

Ru-Yi Translation

At that time, the Great Yakṣa King of Vast Learning, sustained by the Buddha's majestic power, universally beheld the whole assembly of yakṣas, and spoke a verse, saying:

"The sin and evil of living beings runs utterly dreadful and deep; for a hundred thousand kalpas they fail to see the Buddha,
adrift in birth-and-death, suffering every torment — for the sake of rescuing beings such as these, the Buddha appears in the world.
The Tathāgata rescues and protects every world, manifesting entirely before every living being,
bringing to rest the suffering of their turning upon the road of fear — this Dharma-gateway the Yakṣa Lord of the Voice enters.

Living beings' evil karma forms a heavy obstruction, and the Buddha reveals the wondrous principle, causing them to open and understand,
just as a bright lamp illumines the world — this the Yakṣa King Solemnly Bearing Weapons is able to behold.
The Buddha, in ages past across an ocean of kalpas, cultivated every practice, praising every buddha of the ten directions;
and so he has a renown that is lofty and far-reaching — this the Yakṣa King of Great Wisdom has fully understood.

Wisdom is like space, without any bound, and the Dharma-body is vast and inconceivable;
and so it appears throughout the ten directions — the Yakṣa Lord of the Flame-Eye is able to contemplate this.
In every realm of rebirth he proclaims a wondrous voice, teaching the Dharma to benefit the multitude,
and wherever that sound reaches, every suffering is extinguished — the Yakṣa King of the Vajra Eye enters this skillful means.

Every profound and vast meaning the Tathāgata is able to expound in a single word, and this teaching is equal throughout the world —
the Yakṣa King of Valiant Wisdom has awakened to this.
Every living being who dwells on a wrong path, the Buddha reveals to them the true path, inconceivable,
universally causing the world to become a vessel of the Dharma — the Yakṣa King, Valiant Foe of the Great Army, is able to awaken to and understand this.

Every meritorious deed that exists in the world arises entirely from the light of the Buddha, and the Buddha's ocean of wisdom is difficult to fathom —
this is the liberation of the Yakṣa King of Abundant Wealth.
Recollecting kalpas past beyond number, the Buddha, throughout them, cultivated the ten powers,
causing every power to become fully perfected — this the Yakṣa King of the Lofty Banner has fully understood."

The Mahoraga Kings

Chinese Source

復次,善慧摩睺羅伽王,得以一切神通方便令眾生集功德解脫門;淨威音摩睺羅伽王,得使一切眾生除煩惱得清涼悅樂解脫門;勝慧莊嚴髻摩睺羅伽王,得普使一切善不善思覺眾生入清淨法解脫門;妙目主摩睺羅伽王,得了達一切無所著福德自在平等相解脫門;燈幢摩睺羅伽王,得開示一切眾生令離黑闇怖畏道解脫門;最勝光明幢摩睺羅伽王,得了知一切佛功德生歡喜解脫門;師子臆摩睺羅伽王,得勇猛力為一切眾生救護主解脫門;眾妙莊嚴音摩睺羅伽王,得令一切眾生隨憶念生無邊喜樂解脫門;須彌臆摩睺羅伽王,得於一切所緣決定不動到彼岸滿足解脫門;可愛樂光明摩睺羅伽王,得為一切不平等眾生開示平等道解脫門。

Ru-Yi Translation

Furthermore, the Mahoraga King of Wholesome Wisdom attained the liberation gateway of causing living beings to gather merit through every kind of spiritual power and skillful means. The Mahoraga King of the Pure, Majestic Voice attained the liberation gateway of causing every living being to remove their affliction and attain cool, delightful joy. The Mahoraga King of Supreme Wisdom's Adorned Topknot attained the liberation gateway of causing every living being, whether their thoughts be wholesome or unwholesome, to universally enter the pure Dharma. The Mahoraga King, Lord of the Wondrous Eye, attained the liberation gateway of thoroughly understanding the sovereign, equal mark of merit that is attached to nothing. The Mahoraga King of the Lamp-Banner attained the liberation gateway of revealing to every living being how to depart from the dark and fearful path. The Mahoraga King of the Supreme Light's Banner attained the liberation gateway of understanding the merit of every buddha and giving rise to joy. The Mahoraga King of the Lion's Breast attained the liberation gateway of valiant strength, becoming the lord of rescue and protection for every living being. The Mahoraga King of Every Wondrous Adornment's Voice attained the liberation gateway of causing every living being, through recollection, to give rise to boundless joy. The Mahoraga King of Sumeru's Breast attained the liberation gateway of remaining resolutely unmoved with respect to every object, reaching the farther shore in full completion. And the Mahoraga King of Light Delightful to Behold attained the liberation gateway of revealing the path of equality to every living being caught in inequality.

Chinese Source

爾時,善慧威光摩睺羅伽王,承佛威力,普觀一切摩睺羅伽眾而說頌言:

「汝觀如來性清淨,普現威光利群品,
示甘露道使清涼,眾苦永滅無所依。
一切眾生居有海,諸惡業惑自纏覆,
示彼所行寂靜法,離塵威音能善了。

佛智無等叵思議,知眾生心無不盡,
為彼闡明清淨法,如是嚴髻心能悟。
無量諸佛現世間,普為眾生作福田,
福海廣大深難測,妙目大王能悉見。

一切眾生憂畏苦,佛普現前而救護,
法界虛空靡不周,此是燈幢所行境。
佛一毛孔諸功德,世間共度不能了,
無邊無盡同虛空,如是廣大光幢見。

如來通達一切法,於彼法性皆明照,
如須彌山不傾動,入此法門師子臆。
佛於往昔廣大劫,集歡喜海深無盡,
是故見者靡不欣,此法嚴音之所入。

了知法界無形相,波羅蜜海悉圓滿,
大光普救諸眾生,山臆能知此方便。
汝觀如來自在力,十方降現罔不均,
一切眾生咸照悟,此妙光明能善入。」

Ru-Yi Translation

At that time, Mahoraga King Wholesome Wisdom's Majestic Light, sustained by the Buddha's majestic power, universally beheld the whole assembly of mahoragas, and spoke a verse, saying:

"Behold how the Tathāgata's nature is pure, manifesting majestic light universally to benefit every kind of being,
showing the path of ambrosia to bring coolness, so that every suffering is forever extinguished, with nothing left to depend upon.
Every living being dwells within the ocean of existence, entangled and covered by every evil karma and confusion of their own making;
he shows them the tranquil Dharma to be practiced — the Mahoraga King of the Majestic Voice, Far from Dust, is well able to understand this.

The Buddha's wisdom is unequaled, inconceivable, and he knows the minds of living beings without exception,
revealing the pure Dharma for their sake — thus the Mahoraga King of the Adorned Topknot awakens in his heart.
Immeasurable buddhas appear in the world, universally becoming a field of merit for living beings,
the ocean of blessing vast and deep beyond measure — the Great Mahoraga King of the Wondrous Eye beholds this in full.

Every living being's care and fearful suffering, the Buddha manifests before them universally to rescue and protect,
and the Dharma-realm and the realm of space are pervaded by it entirely — this is the domain the Mahoraga King of the Lamp-Banner walks.
Every merit within a single pore of the Buddha, the world together cannot fathom it,
boundless and inexhaustible, the same as empty space itself — thus the Mahoraga King of the Vast Light-Banner beholds it.

The Tathāgata thoroughly penetrates every dharma, illumining the very nature of every one of them with total clarity,
unwavering like Mount Sumeru — the Mahoraga King of the Lion's Breast enters this Dharma-gateway.
The Buddha, across vast kalpas in ages past, gathered an ocean of joy, deep and inexhaustible;
and so there is none who beholds it without delight — this the Mahoraga King of the Dharma's Adorning Voice has entered.

Understanding that the Dharma-realm has no form at all, the ocean of pāramitās is entirely fulfilled,
his great light universally rescuing every living being — the Mahoraga King of Sumeru's Breast is able to know this skillful means.
Behold the Tathāgata's sovereign power, descending and manifesting in the ten directions without any partiality,
every living being illumined and awakened by it — this the Mahoraga King of Wondrous Light is well able to enter."

The Kiṃnara Kings

Chinese Source

復次,善慧光明天緊那羅王,得普生一切喜樂業解脫門;妙華幢緊那羅王,得能生無上法喜令一切受安樂解脫門;種種莊嚴緊那羅王,得一切功德滿足廣大清淨信解藏解脫門;悅意吼聲緊那羅王,得恒出一切悅意聲令聞者離憂怖解脫門;寶樹光明緊那羅王,得大悲安立一切眾生令覺悟所緣解脫門;普樂見緊那羅王,得示現一切妙色身解脫門;最勝光莊嚴緊那羅王,得了知一切殊勝莊嚴果所從生業解脫門;微妙華幢緊那羅王,得善觀察一切世間業所生報解脫門;動地力緊那羅王,得恒起一切利益眾生事解脫門;威猛主緊那羅王,得善知一切緊那羅心巧攝御解脫門。

Ru-Yi Translation

Furthermore, Kiṃnara King, the Deva of Wholesome Wisdom's Light, attained the liberation gateway of universally producing every joyful deed. The Kiṃnara King of the Wondrous Flower-Banner attained the liberation gateway of giving rise to unsurpassed Dharma-joy, causing all to receive peace and happiness. The Kiṃnara King Adorned in Every Way attained the liberation gateway of the vast, pure treasury of faith and understanding, fulfilled by every merit. The Kiṃnara King of the Delightful, Roaring Voice attained the liberation gateway of forever uttering every delightful sound, causing those who hear it to depart from care and fear. The Kiṃnara King of the Jeweled Tree's Light attained the liberation gateway of great compassion establishing every living being, causing them to awaken to what they contemplate. The Kiṃnara King, Universal Delight to See, attained the liberation gateway of manifesting every kind of wondrous form. The Kiṃnara King of Supreme Light's Adornment attained the liberation gateway of understanding the karma from which every excellent, adorned fruit arises. The Kiṃnara King of the Subtle, Wondrous Flower-Banner attained the liberation gateway of skillfully observing the retribution born of every worldly karmic act. The Kiṃnara King with Power to Shake the Earth attained the liberation gateway of forever undertaking every deed that benefits living beings. And the Mighty, Valiant Kiṃnara Lord attained the liberation gateway of skillfully knowing the minds of every kiṃnara and skillfully guiding them.

Chinese Source

爾時,善慧光明天緊那羅王,承佛威力,普觀一切緊那羅眾而說頌言:

「世間所有安樂事,一切皆由見佛興,
導師利益諸眾生,普作救護歸依處。
出生一切諸喜樂,世間咸得無有盡,
能令見者不唐捐,此是華幢之所悟。

佛功德海無有盡,求其邊際不可得,
光明普照於十方,此莊嚴王之解脫。
如來大音常演暢,開示離憂真實法,
眾生聞者咸欣悅,如是吼聲能信受。

我觀如來自在力,皆由往昔所修行,
大悲救物令清淨,此寶樹王能悟入。
如來難可得見聞,眾生億劫時乃遇,
眾相為嚴悉具足,此樂見王之所覩。

汝觀如來大智慧,普應群生心所欲,
一切智道靡不宣,最勝莊嚴此能了。
業海廣大不思議,眾生苦樂皆從起,
如是一切能開示,此華幢王所了知。

諸佛神通無間歇,十方大地恒震動,
一切眾生莫能知,此廣大力恒明見。
處於眾會現神通,放大光明令覺悟,
顯示一切如來境,此威猛主能觀察。」

Ru-Yi Translation

At that time, Kiṃnara King, the Deva of Wholesome Wisdom's Light, sustained by the Buddha's majestic power, universally beheld the whole assembly of kiṃnaras, and spoke a verse, saying:

"Every joyful and peaceful thing that exists in the world arises entirely from beholding the Buddha's appearance;
the Guide benefits every living being, universally becoming a place of rescue and refuge for all.
He brings forth every kind of joy, which the whole world obtains without exhaustion,
causing none who behold it to have done so in vain — this is what the Kiṃnara King of the Flower-Banner has awakened to.

The Buddha's ocean of merit is without end, and seeking its farther bound is impossible;
his light shines universally throughout the ten directions — this is the liberation of the Kiṃnara King of Adornment.
The Tathāgata's great voice forever resounds, revealing the true Dharma that departs from care,
and living beings who hear it are all delighted — this roaring voice is thus faithfully received.

I behold the Tathāgata's sovereign power, entirely the result of his practice in ages past,
his great compassion rescuing beings and causing them to be purified — this the Kiṃnara King of the Jeweled Tree is able to awaken to and enter.
The Tathāgata is difficult indeed to see or hear, and living beings encounter him only once in a hundred million kalpas;
every mark that adorns him is entirely complete — this the Kiṃnara King, Delight to All Who See Him, beholds.

Behold the Tathāgata's great wisdom, responding universally to whatever the multitude of living beings' minds desire,
proclaiming the path of omniscience without exception — the Kiṃnara King of Supreme Adornment fully understands this.
The ocean of karma is vast and inconceivable, and the suffering and joy of every living being arises entirely from it;
all of this he is able to reveal — this the Kiṃnara King of the Flower-Banner has fully understood.

Every buddha's spiritual transmutation never ceases, and the great earth of the ten directions is forever shaken by it,
and yet not one living being is able to know it — this vast power the Kiṃnara King of Great Strength forever beholds with clarity.
Dwelling amid the assembly, manifesting spiritual transmutation, emitting great light to bring about awakening,
revealing the domain of every Tathāgata in full — this the Mighty, Valiant Kiṃnara Lord is able to contemplate."

The Garuḍa Kings

Chinese Source

復次,大速疾力迦樓羅王,得無著無礙眼普觀察眾生界解脫門;不可壞寶髻迦樓羅王,得普安住法界教化眾生解脫門;清淨速疾迦樓羅王,得普成就波羅蜜精進力解脫門;不退心莊嚴迦樓羅王,得勇猛力入如來境界解脫門;大海處攝持力迦樓羅王,得入佛行廣大智慧海解脫門;堅法淨光迦樓羅王,得成就無邊眾生差別智解脫門;妙嚴冠髻迦樓羅王,得莊嚴佛法城解脫門;普捷示現迦樓羅王,得成就不可壞平等力解脫門;普觀海迦樓羅王,得了知一切眾生身而為現形解脫門;龍音大目精迦樓羅王,得普入一切眾生歿生行智解脫門。

Ru-Yi Translation

Furthermore, the Garuḍa King of Great Swift Power attained the liberation gateway of the unattached, unobstructed eye that universally observes the realm of living beings. The Garuḍa King of the Indestructible Jeweled Topknot attained the liberation gateway of universally abiding in the Dharma-realm to teach and transform living beings. The Garuḍa King Pure and Swift attained the liberation gateway of universally accomplishing the power of diligence in the pāramitās. The Garuḍa King Adorned in a Mind that Never Turns Back attained the liberation gateway of valiant strength entering the Tathāgata's domain. The Garuḍa King with Power to Grasp the Depths of the Great Sea attained the liberation gateway of entering the vast ocean of wisdom of the Buddha's conduct. The Garuḍa King of Firm Dharma and Pure Light attained the liberation gateway of accomplishing the distinct wisdom of boundless living beings. The Garuḍa King of the Wondrously Adorned Crown-Topknot attained the liberation gateway of adorning the city of the Buddha-dharma. The Garuḍa King Universally Swift in Manifesting attained the liberation gateway of accomplishing the indestructible power of equality. The Garuḍa King Universally Beholding the Sea attained the liberation gateway of understanding the body of every living being and manifesting forms accordingly. And the Garuḍa King of the Nāga-Voice and Great, Piercing Eye attained the liberation gateway of universally entering the wisdom of the conduct of every living being's death and rebirth.

Chinese Source

爾時,大速疾力迦樓羅王,承佛威力,普觀一切迦樓羅眾而說頌言:

「佛眼廣大無邊際,普見十方諸國土,
其中眾生不可量,現大神通悉調伏。
佛神通力無所礙,遍坐十方覺樹下,
演法如雲悉充滿,寶髻聽聞心不逆。

佛於往昔修諸行,普淨廣大波羅蜜,
供養一切諸如來,此速疾王深信解。
如來一一毛孔中,一念普現無邊行,
如是難思佛境界,不退莊嚴悉明覩。

佛行廣大不思議,一切眾生莫能測,
導師功德智慧海,此執持王所行處。
如來無量智慧光,能滅眾生癡惑網,
一切世間咸救護,此是堅法所持說。

法城廣大不可窮,其門種種無數量,
如來處世大開闡,此妙冠髻能明入。
一切諸佛一法身,真如平等無分別,
佛以此力常安住,普捷現王斯具演。

佛昔諸有攝眾生,普放光明遍世間,
種種方便示調伏,此勝法門觀海悟。
佛觀一切諸國土,悉依業海而安住,
普雨法雨於其中,龍音解脫能如是。」

Ru-Yi Translation

At that time, Garuḍa King of Great Swift Power, sustained by the Buddha's majestic power, universally beheld the whole assembly of garuḍas, and spoke a verse, saying:

"The Buddha's eye is vast, without any bound, universally beholding every land of the ten directions,
and the living beings within them beyond measure, manifesting great spiritual transmutation to tame them all.
The Buddha's power of spiritual transmutation is unobstructed, sitting throughout the ten directions beneath the tree of awakening,
expounding the Dharma like a cloud that fills everything completely — the Garuḍa King of the Jeweled Topknot listens, his mind never resisting.

The Buddha, in ages past, cultivated every practice, universally purifying the vast pāramitās,
making offerings to every Tathāgata — this the Garuḍa King of Swiftness deeply believes and understands.
Within each and every pore of the Tathāgata, boundless conduct is manifested universally in a single thought;
such is the hard-to-conceive domain of the Buddha, which the Garuḍa King Adorned in Never Turning Back beholds with total clarity.

The Buddha's conduct is vast and inconceivable, and not one living being is able to fathom it,
the Guide's ocean of merit and wisdom — this is the domain the Garuḍa King who Grasps and Upholds walks.
The Tathāgata's immeasurable light of wisdom is able to extinguish the net of confusion in living beings,
rescuing and protecting the whole world — this is what the Garuḍa King of Firm Dharma upholds and proclaims.

The city of the Dharma is vast and cannot be exhausted, its gates of every kind beyond number,
and the Tathāgata, dwelling in the world, opens it wide — this the Garuḍa King of the Wondrous Crown-Topknot is able to clearly enter.
Every buddha shares a single Dharma-body, suchness itself, equal and without discrimination;
the Buddha abides forever through this very power — the Garuḍa King Universally Swift in Manifesting fully proclaims this.

The Buddha, in ages past, gathered in living beings amid every state of existence, universally emitting light that pervades the world,
showing how to tame them through every kind of skillful means — this excellent Dharma-gateway the Garuḍa King Universally Beholding the Sea awakens to.
The Buddha beholds every land, each one abiding according to the ocean of its karma,
and rains down the rain of the Dharma universally within it — thus is the liberation of the Garuḍa King of the Nāga-Voice."

The Asura Kings

Chinese Source

復次,羅睺阿脩羅王,得現為大會尊勝主解脫門;毘摩質多羅阿脩羅王,得示現無量劫解脫門;巧幻術阿脩羅王,得消滅一切眾生苦令清淨解脫門;大眷屬阿脩羅王,得修一切苦行自莊嚴解脫門;婆稚阿脩羅王,得震動十方無邊境界解脫門;遍照阿脩羅王,得種種方便安立一切眾生解脫門;堅固行妙莊嚴阿脩羅王,得普集不可壞善根淨諸染著解脫門;廣大因慧阿脩羅王,得大悲力無疑惑主解脫門;現勝德阿脩羅王,得普令見佛承事供養修諸善根解脫門;善音阿脩羅王,得普入一切趣決定平等行解脫門。

Ru-Yi Translation

Furthermore, Asura King Rāhu attained the liberation gateway of manifesting as the honored and supreme lord of the great assembly. Asura King Vemacitra attained the liberation gateway of manifesting immeasurable kalpas. The Asura King Skilled in Illusion attained the liberation gateway of extinguishing the suffering of every living being and causing them to become pure. The Asura King of the Great Retinue attained the liberation gateway of adorning himself through the cultivation of every ascetic practice. Asura King Bali attained the liberation gateway of shaking the boundless domain of the ten directions. The Asura King of Universal Illumination attained the liberation gateway of establishing every living being through every kind of skillful means. The Asura King Firm in Conduct with Wondrous Adornment attained the liberation gateway of universally gathering indestructible wholesome roots, purifying every defiling attachment. The Asura King of Vast, Causal Wisdom attained the liberation gateway of the power of great compassion, the lord free of doubt. The Asura King Manifesting Supreme Virtue attained the liberation gateway of causing all universally to see the Buddha, to serve and make offerings to him, and to cultivate every wholesome root. And the Asura King of the Wholesome Voice attained the liberation gateway of universally entering the resolute and equal conduct within every realm of rebirth.

Chinese Source

爾時,羅睺阿脩羅王,承佛威力,普觀一切阿脩羅眾而說頌言:

「十方所有廣大眾,佛在其中最殊特,
光明遍照等虛空,普現一切眾生前。
百千萬劫諸佛土,一剎那中悉明現,
舒光化物靡不周,如是毘摩深讚喜。

如來境界無與等,種種法門常利益,
眾生有苦皆令滅,苫末羅王此能見。
無量劫中修苦行,利益眾生淨世間,
由是牟尼智普成,大眷屬王斯見佛。

無礙無等大神通,遍動十方一切剎,
不使眾生有驚怖,大力於此能明了。
佛出於世救眾生,一切智道咸開示,
悉令捨苦得安樂,此義遍照所弘闡。

世間所有眾福海,佛力能生普令淨,
佛能開示解脫處,堅行莊嚴入此門。
佛大悲身無與等,周行無礙悉令見,
猶如影像現世間,因慧能宣此功德。

希有無等大神通,處處現身充法界,
各在菩提樹下坐,此義勝德能宣說。
如來往修三世行,諸趣輪迴靡不經,
脫眾生苦無有餘,此妙音王所稱讚。」

Ru-Yi Translation

At that time, Asura King Rāhu, sustained by the Buddha's majestic power, universally beheld the whole assembly of asuras, and spoke a verse, saying:

"Among all the vast assemblies of the ten directions, the Buddha stands within them most singular and supreme,
his light shining everywhere equal to space itself, manifesting universally before every living being.
Across a hundred thousand myriad kalpas, every buddha-land appears with total clarity within a single instant,
unfurling his light to transform all without exception — thus does Bali praise this with deep delight.

The Tathāgata's domain has no equal, and every kind of Dharma-gateway forever benefits beings;
whatever suffering living beings have, he causes it all to be extinguished — this the Asura King Śamara is able to behold.
Across immeasurable kalpas he cultivated ascetic practice, benefiting living beings and purifying the world;
and by this the Sage's wisdom was universally accomplished — thus does the Asura King of the Great Retinue behold the Buddha.

His unobstructed, unequaled, great spiritual transmutation shakes every land of the ten directions entirely,
and yet causes no living being any alarm or fear — the Asura King of Great Strength is able to understand this clearly.
The Buddha appears in the world to rescue living beings, revealing the path of omniscience entirely,
causing all to abandon suffering and attain peace and joy — this meaning the Asura King of Universal Illumination broadly expounds.

Every ocean of blessing that exists in the world, the Buddha's power is able to bring forth and universally purify;
the Buddha is able to reveal the place of liberation — the Asura King Firm in Conduct's Adornment enters this gateway.
The Buddha's body of great compassion has no equal, moving everywhere without hindrance, causing all to see him,
appearing in the world just as a reflected image does — the Asura King of Causal Wisdom is able to proclaim this merit.

His rare and unequaled great spiritual transmutation manifests his body in every place, filling the Dharma-realm entirely,
each one seated beneath his own bodhi tree — this meaning the Asura King Manifesting Supreme Virtue is able to proclaim.
The Tathāgata, in ages past, practiced throughout the three periods of time, passing through every realm of transmigration without exception,
liberating living beings from suffering entirely, without remainder — this the Asura King of the Wholesome Voice praises."

Reading note — Ru-Yi Meditation Center

This closes the eight great classes of non-human kings a second time — first simply named in fascicle one, now each restated with a liberation gateway proper to every king and a hymn of praise from one speaking for the whole class. Asura King Bali, appearing here for the first time by this name, is a figure with deep roots outside Buddhist literature entirely: in Hindu tradition he is the asura king whose pride in ruling the three worlds is famously humbled by Viṣṇu's dwarf incarnation Vāmana — a story this sūtra does not tell, but which its audience would very likely have known, making his presence here, praising the Buddha's own dominion without a trace of that older pride, notable in itself. Part 7 continues fascicle three among the classes of nature-spirit fascicle one had named last — the lords of day, night, direction, space, and wind.

Part 6 Complete

This closes Part 6: the eight great classes of non-human kings — gandharvas, kumbhāṇḍas, nāgas, yakṣas, mahoragas, kiṃnaras, garuḍas, and asuras — each restating its roster with a liberation gateway unique to every king, and closing in a verse of praise from one king speaking for the whole class. Part 7 continues fascicle three among the remaining classes of nature-spirit: the lords of day, night, direction, space, and wind.