Part 1140 of the collection · Fascicle 71 of 80 · 入法界品第三十九之十二 · T279

Thirty-Five More Buddhas

The catalogue's middle stretch, and the vocabulary has shifted. Where the first thirty-five names leaned on dharma and light, this stretch reaches again and again for mountains, clouds, and one particular flower.

Translator: Ru-Yi Meditation Center Status: Part 1140 — buddhas thirty-six through seventy Source: Taishō T279 (Śikṣānanda, Tang, 695–699 CE)

A Lotus by Its Sanskrit Name

Nineteen more buddhas, and among them a single name that reaches past the sūtra's usual Chinese vocabulary to a transliterated Sanskrit word for a particular kind of flower.

Chinese Source

次有佛興,名:普光明髻;次有佛興,名:法幢燈;次有佛興,名:金剛海幢雲;次有佛興,名:名稱山功德雲;次有佛興,名:栴檀妙月;次有佛興,名:普妙光明華;次有佛興,名:照一切眾生光明王;次有佛興,名:功德蓮華藏;次有佛興,名:香焰光明王;次有佛興,名:波頭摩華因;次有佛興,名:眾相山普光明;次有佛興,名:普名稱幢;

Ru-Yi Translation

"Next a buddha appeared, named Topknot of Universal Light; next a buddha appeared, named Lamp of the Banner of Dharma; next a buddha appeared, named Cloud of the Banner of the Ocean of Vajra; next a buddha appeared, named Cloud of the Merit of the Mountain of Renown; next a buddha appeared, named Wondrous Moon of Sandalwood; next a buddha appeared, named Flower of Universal Wondrous Light; next a buddha appeared, named King of Light Universally Illuminating All Beings; next a buddha appeared, named Treasury of the Lotus of Merit; next a buddha appeared, named King of the Light of the Flame of Fragrance; next a buddha appeared, named Cause of the Padma Flower; next a buddha appeared, named Universal Light of the Mountain of Every Mark; next a buddha appeared, named Banner of Universal Renown;

Chinese Source

次有佛興,名:須彌普門光;次有佛興,名:功德法城光;次有佛興,名:大樹山光明;次有佛興,名:普德光明幢;次有佛興,名:功德吉祥相;次有佛興,名:勇猛法力幢;次有佛興,名:法輪光明音;

Ru-Yi Translation

next a buddha appeared, named Universal Gate of the Light of Sumeru; next a buddha appeared, named Light of the Dharma-City of Merit; next a buddha appeared, named Light of the Great Tree Mountain; next a buddha appeared, named Banner of the Light of Universal Virtue; next a buddha appeared, named Marks of the Auspiciousness of Merit; next a buddha appeared, named Banner of the Power of Valiant Dharma; next a buddha appeared, named Sound of the Light of the Dharma-Wheel;

Reading note — Ru-Yi Meditation Center

波頭摩華因 — Cause of the Padma Flower. Every other name in these ninety-eight buddhas is built from ordinary Chinese vocabulary — light, dharma, mountain, merit. This one alone keeps a transliterated Sanskrit word, 波頭摩 for padma, the red or pink lotus distinguished in this literature from the white 芬陀利 and the blue 優鉢羅. Whatever governed the naming of these ninety-eight buddhas, it let one word through untranslated, the way this translation itself keeps a small number of Sanskrit terms — sarvajñā, Nārāyaṇa — rather than rendering everything into English.

By this point in the list, mountains have become the single most common image: 名稱山, 眾相山, 大樹山, 山智慧光 in names still to come. Where the first thirty-five buddhas leaned on dharma and light, this middle stretch leans on solid, standing things — mountains, cities, trees — as if the catalogue itself were accumulating mass the longer it runs.

Clouds Without End

The final stretch of this part turns to cloud after cloud — a word that, by the end, has practically become this list's own weather.

Chinese Source

次有佛興,名:功德山智慧光;次有佛興,名:無上妙法月;次有佛興,名:法蓮華淨光幢;次有佛興,名:寶蓮華光明藏;次有佛興,名:光焰雲山燈;次有佛興,名:普覺華;次有佛興,名:種種功德焰須彌藏;次有佛興,名:圓滿光山王;次有佛興,名:福德雲莊嚴;次有佛興,名:法山雲幢;次有佛興,名:功德山光明;次有佛興,名:法日雲燈王;次有佛興,名:法雲名稱王;次有佛興,名:法輪雲;次有佛興,名:開悟菩提智光幢;次有佛興,名:普照法輪月;

Ru-Yi Translation

Next a buddha appeared, named Wisdom-Light of the Mountain of Merit; next a buddha appeared, named Moon of the Unsurpassed Wondrous Dharma; next a buddha appeared, named Banner of the Pure Light of the Lotus of Dharma; next a buddha appeared, named Treasury of the Light of the Jewelled Lotus; next a buddha appeared, named Lamp of the Mountain of Cloud of the Flame of Light; next a buddha appeared, named Flower of Universal Awakening; next a buddha appeared, named Treasury of Sumeru of Every Kind of Flame of Merit; next a buddha appeared, named King of the Mountain of Perfect and Complete Light; next a buddha appeared, named Adorned with the Cloud of Merit and Fortune; next a buddha appeared, named Banner of the Cloud of the Mountain of Dharma; next a buddha appeared, named Light of the Mountain of Merit; next a buddha appeared, named King of the Lamp of the Cloud of the Sun of Dharma; next a buddha appeared, named King of the Renown of the Cloud of Dharma; next a buddha appeared, named Cloud of the Dharma-Wheel; next a buddha appeared, named Banner of the Light of Wisdom That Awakens to Bodhi; next a buddha appeared, named Moon That Universally Illumines the Dharma-Wheel;

Reading note — Ru-Yi Meditation Center

雲 — cloud — appears in six of these sixteen names: a mountain of cloud of the flame of light, a cloud of merit and fortune, a cloud of the mountain of dharma, the cloud of the sun of dharma, the cloud of renown of dharma, and the cloud of the dharma-wheel. No other single character recurs this densely in any stretch of the ninety-eight. Earlier in this fascicle, Part 1123 gave a single sentence that used 種種, every kind of, thirty-two times running; this catalogue is doing something related at a much smaller scale, letting one word saturate more than a third of a run of names until it starts to feel less like vocabulary and more like the weather these buddhas all appear under.

Part 1140 Complete

This continues chapter thirty-nine, 入法界品, in fascicle seventy-one. Part 1141 completes the catalogue with the final twenty-eight buddhas, names the last of the ninety-eight, and closes the whole list with what she did across every one of these unnamed eons.