Part 1143 of the collection · Fascicle 71 of 80 · 入法界品第三十九之十二 · T279

Her Whole Story, in Seven-Character Lines

Where nearly every verse in this translation has run in five-character lines, hers runs in seven — and in eleven stanzas she compresses a hundred buddhas and an unnamed span of eons into an account that does not quite match the prose she has just finished telling.

Translator: Ru-Yi Meditation Center Status: Part 1143 — the verse retelling Source: Taishō T279 (Śikṣānanda, Tang, 695–699 CE)

Deep, Hard to See

Every verse so far in these two fascicles has moved in five-character lines. Hers moves in seven — a metre this translation has not yet had occasion to render — and it opens by naming the liberation itself as something almost impossible to look at directly.

Chinese Source

爾時,守護一切城主夜神,欲重宣此解脫義,為善財童子而說頌言:

「菩薩解脫深難見,
虛空如如平等相,
普見無邊法界內,
一切三世諸如來。

出生無量勝功德,
證入難思真法性,
增長一切自在智,
開通三世解脫道。

Ru-Yi Translation

At that time, the night-spirit Guardian of Every City, wishing to proclaim the meaning of this liberation once more, spoke in verse for Good-Wealth, saying:

"A bodhisattva's liberation is deep and hard to see,
the mark of empty space, of suchness, of equality;
within the boundless dharma-realm it universally beholds
every tathāgata of the three times.

It brings forth measureless excellent merit,
realises and enters the true, inconceivable nature of dharmas,
increases every sovereign wisdom,
and opens up the path of liberation through the three times.

Reading note — Ru-Yi Meditation Center

Nearly every gāthā across these two fascicles has fallen into five-character lines — Good-Wealth's own verses, the night-spirits' catalogues of buddha-names, the closing hymns of praise. This is the first seven-character verse this translation has met. The extra two characters per line give the metre a slightly slower, more deliberate cadence, and it is used here for the one teacher whose gate is named for voice and sound, 甚深自在妙音解脫 — a fitting metre for someone whose whole liberation is about how something is said.

An Eon by a Different Name

The verse turns to her own history, and the names it gives for the eon and the world do not quite match the ones given in prose two Parts ago.

Chinese Source

過於剎轉微塵劫,
爾時有劫名淨光,
世界名為法焰雲,
其城號曰寶華光。

其中諸佛興於世,
量與須彌塵數等;
有佛名為法海音,
於此劫中先出現;

乃至其中最後佛,
名為法界焰燈王;
如是一切諸如來,
我皆供養聽受法。

Ru-Yi Translation

More eons ago than the fine motes of dust in the turnings of lands,
at that time there was an eon named Pure Light,
a world named Cloud of the Flame of Dharma,
and its capital was called Light of Jewelled Flowers.

Within it buddhas arose in the world,
in number equal to the fine motes of dust of Mount Sumeru;
there was a buddha named Sound of the Ocean of Dharma,
who first appeared within this eon;

and on down to the last buddha among them,
named King of the Flame-Lamp of the Dharma-Realm;
all such tathāgatas as these
I made offerings to and heard and upheld their dharma.

Reading note — Ru-Yi Meditation Center

Set this stanza beside Part 1137. There, in prose, the eon was named 離垢光明, Free of the Stain of Light; the world was 法界功德雲, Cloud of the Merit of the Dharma-Realm; the capital was 普寶華光, Universal Jewelled Flower Light. Here, in verse, the eon is 淨光, Pure Light; the world is 法焰雲, Cloud of the Flame of Dharma; the capital is 寶華光, Light of Jewelled Flowers. The capital name is a close match, missing only the first character to fit the seven-character line. The eon and the world are not close matches at all — related in feel, built from overlapping vocabulary, but not the same words. This is the same kind of discrepancy this translation has already recorded between prose and verse accounts in Part 1117 of fascicle seventy, where a world's transliterated name in prose became its translated equivalent in verse. Here the gap is wider, and no resolution is offered by the text itself.

有佛名為法海音,於此劫中先出現 — there was a buddha named Sound of the Ocean of Dharma, who first appeared within this eon. This is not the name given to the first buddha in the prose account, which was 法海雷音光明王, King of the Light of the Thunder-Sound of the Dharma-Ocean. The verse's name shares two characters, 法海, dharma-ocean, with the prose name, but drops the rest. Across a fascicle that has repeatedly let its verses compress and vary its prose, this is one more case recorded rather than smoothed over.

The Buddha She Actually Saw

The verse narrows from the whole catalogue to one buddha in particular — not the first, and named differently again — and to the moment of her own first resolve.

Chinese Source

我見法海雷音佛,
其身普作真金色,
諸相莊嚴如寶山,
發心願得成如來。

我暫見彼如來身,
即發菩提廣大心,
誓願勤求一切智,
性與法界虛空等。

Ru-Yi Translation

I saw the Buddha Thunder-Sound of the Dharma-Ocean,
his body entirely made of true gold colour,
every mark adorning him like a jewelled mountain,
and I gave rise to the wish to become a tathāgata like him.

The moment I saw that tathāgata's body,
I straightaway gave rise to the vast mind of awakening,
vowing to diligently seek all-knowing wisdom,
its nature equal to the dharma-realm and to empty space.

Reading note — Ru-Yi Meditation Center

我見法海雷音佛 — I saw the Buddha Thunder-Sound of the Dharma-Ocean. Here, at last, the verse's naming lines up with the prose: this is the same 法海雷音光明王 whose sūtra the wheel-turning king once upheld in Part 1137, given here in a shortened four-character form that keeps its most distinctive part, 雷音, thunder-sound. The verse has now named this buddha two different ways in three stanzas — once compressed almost past recognition, once close to exact — and neither form troubles the other.

我暫見彼如來身,即發菩提廣大心 — the moment I saw that tathāgata's body, I straightaway gave rise to the vast mind of awakening. The prose account in Part 1137 and Part 1138 gave the mind of awakening to the bhikṣuṇī upon hearing her father's lament and seeing his display of light, not upon seeing this first buddha directly. The verse compresses two separate scenes — the buddha's appearance, and the king-monk's later grief — into a single moment of seeing.

Every World, Every Buddha, at Once

From the single moment of seeing one buddha, the verse expands outward until it is describing not a story but a total field — every land, every being, every buddha there has ever been.

Chinese Source

由斯普見三世佛,
及以一切菩薩眾;
亦見國土眾生海,
而普攀緣起大悲。

隨諸眾生心所樂,
示現種種無量身,
普遍十方諸國土,
動地舒光悟含識。

見第二佛而親近,
亦見十方剎海佛,
乃至最後佛出興,
如是須彌塵數等。

於諸剎轉微塵劫,
所有如來照世燈;
我皆親近而瞻奉,
令此解脫得清淨。」

Ru-Yi Translation

From this I came universally to see the buddhas of the three times,
and every host of bodhisattvas as well;
I saw too the ocean of lands and beings,
and, taking hold of it all, gave rise to great compassion.

In accord with what every being's mind delighted in,
I displayed every kind of measureless body,
pervading the lands of the ten directions,
shaking the earth and unfurling light to awaken every sentient being.

I saw the second buddha and drew near to him,
and saw too the buddhas of the oceans of lands of the ten directions,
on down to the last buddha's arising —
all of them equal in number to the fine motes of dust of Mount Sumeru.

Through eons as many as the fine motes of dust in the turnings of lands,
every tathāgata who was a lamp illuminating the world —
I drew near to every one of them and looked up in homage,
and so this liberation came to be purified."

Reading note — Ru-Yi Meditation Center

令此解脫得清淨 — and so this liberation came to be purified. Her closing line answers, at last, the third of Good-Wealth's original four questions to her back in Part 1133, which this translation has not seen answered directly until now: 行何境界, what domain does it range in, and by implication what refines it. The verse's answer is not a definition but a history — the gate was purified by an eon of drawing near to buddhas, and the eleven stanzas that preceded this line were the account of how.

過於剎轉微塵劫 … 於諸剎轉微塵劫 — the same measure, 剎轉微塵劫, opens the verse and closes it, framing the whole eleven stanzas between two nearly identical lines. It echoes, in slightly different words, the prose account's own hapax measure from Part 1137, 世界轉微塵數劫. Prose and verse each reach, independently, for a way of counting eons by the turning of lands rather than by dust — related phrasing, not identical, one more instance of this fascicle's habit of retelling the same fact in two hands that do not quite shake.

Part 1143 Complete

This continues chapter thirty-nine, 入法界品, in fascicle seventy-one. Part 1144 has Good-Wealth himself enter this liberation on the strength of hearing it, praise the night-spirit in his own ten-stanza verse, and take his leave — closing fascicle seventy-one.