Part 129 of the collection · Fascicle 19 of 80 · 十行品第二十一 · T279 · New chapter

The Ten Practices Begin

Merit Grove Bodhisattva, who spoke the very first hymn of the previous chapter, now enters a new samādhi and is empowered by countless buddhas bearing his own name — the same pattern that opened the merit-of-the-first-resolve teaching many fascicles ago. He rises to name ten practices that will occupy the chapters ahead.

Translator: Ru-Yi Meditation Center Status: Part 129 — chapter 21 begins, the ten practices named Source: Taishō T279 (Śikṣānanda, Tang, 695–699 CE)

Empowered by Countless Buddhas Bearing His Own Name

Chinese Source

爾時,功德林菩薩承佛神力,入菩薩善思惟三昧。入是三昧已,十方各過萬佛剎微塵數世界外,有萬佛剎微塵數諸佛,皆號:功德林,而現其前,告功德林菩薩言:

Ru-Yi Translation

At that time, relying upon the Buddha's own spiritual power, Merit Grove Bodhisattva entered the bodhisattva's own samādhi of skillful reflection. Having entered this samādhi, beyond worlds as numerous as the fine motes of dust in ten thousand buddha-lands in each of the ten directions, there were buddhas as numerous as the fine motes of dust in ten thousand buddha-lands, every one of them bearing the very name Merit Grove, who manifested before him and said to Merit Grove Bodhisattva:

Chinese Source

「善哉!佛子!乃能入此善思惟三昧。善男子!此是十方各萬佛剎微塵數同名諸佛共加於汝,亦是毘盧遮那如來往昔願力、威神之力,及諸菩薩眾善根力,令汝入是三昧而演說法。為增長佛智故,深入法界故,了知眾生界故,所入無礙故,所行無障故,得無量方便故,攝取一切智性故,覺悟一切諸法故,知一切諸根故,能持說一切法故,所謂:發起諸菩薩十種行。善男子!汝當承佛威神之力而演此法。」

Ru-Yi Translation

"Excellent! Excellent, son of the Buddha! You have indeed been able to enter this samādhi of skillful reflection. Good man, it is because buddhas as numerous as the fine motes of dust in ten thousand buddha-lands in each of the ten directions, all bearing the same name as you, together empower you, and it is likewise through Vairocana Tathāgata's own vow-power and awesome spiritual power in ages past, and through the power of the wholesome roots of the whole assembly of bodhisattvas, that you are caused to enter this samādhi and expound the Dharma. It is in order to increase the Buddha's own wisdom, to enter deeply into the Dharma-realm, to thoroughly understand the realm of living beings, to enter without any obstruction, to practice without any hindrance, to attain immeasurable skillful means, to gather in the very nature of all-knowing wisdom, to awaken to every dharma, to know every faculty, and to be able to uphold and teach every dharma — namely, to bring forth the bodhisattvas' own ten kinds of practice. Good man, you should now, relying upon the Buddha's own awesome spiritual power, expound this very Dharma."

Chinese Source

是時,諸佛即與功德林菩薩無礙智、無著智、無斷智、無師智、無癡智、無異智、無失智、無量智、無勝智、無懈智、無奪智。何以故?此三昧力,法如是故。爾時,諸佛各申右手,摩功德林菩薩頂。時,功德林菩薩即從定起,告諸菩薩言:

Ru-Yi Translation

At that time, those buddhas at once bestowed upon Merit Grove Bodhisattva unobstructed wisdom, unattached wisdom, uninterrupted wisdom, teacherless wisdom, undeluded wisdom, undifferentiated wisdom, unfailing wisdom, immeasurable wisdom, unsurpassed wisdom, untiring wisdom, and unassailable wisdom. Why is this? It is because the power of this very samādhi makes the Dharma just so. At that time, those buddhas each extended their own right hand, and placed it upon Merit Grove Bodhisattva's own crown. At that time, Merit Grove Bodhisattva at once rose from that concentration, and said to the bodhisattvas:

The Ten Practices Named

Chinese Source

「佛子!菩薩行不可思議,與法界、虛空界等。何以故?菩薩摩訶薩學三世諸佛而修行故。佛子!何等是菩薩摩訶薩行?佛子!菩薩摩訶薩有十種行,三世諸佛之所宣說。何等為十?一者歡喜行,二者饒益行,三者無違逆行,四者無屈橈行,五者無癡亂行,六者善現行,七者無著行,八者難得行,九者善法行,十者真實行;是為十。」

Ru-Yi Translation

"Son of the Buddha! A bodhisattva's own practice is inconceivable, equal to the Dharma-realm and to the realm of empty space itself. Why is this? Because a bodhisattva-mahāsattva studies the buddhas of the three periods of time and cultivates practice accordingly. Son of the Buddha, what is a bodhisattva-mahāsattva's own practice? Son of the Buddha, a bodhisattva-mahāsattva has ten kinds of practice, proclaimed by the buddhas of the three periods of time. What are the ten? The first is the practice of joy; the second, the practice of benefiting others; the third, the practice of never opposing; the fourth, the practice of never yielding; the fifth, the practice free of delusion and confusion; the sixth, the practice of skillful manifestation; the seventh, the practice free of attachment; the eighth, the practice difficult to attain; the ninth, the practice of wholesome dharmas; and the tenth, the practice of truth. These are the ten."

Reading note — Ru-Yi Meditation Center

This chapter's opening repeats a structure the sūtra has used before — a bodhisattva entering samādhi, empowered by countless buddhas who share his own name, then rising to speak with their combined authority. The eleven kinds of wisdom bestowed here, each prefixed "un-" (unobstructed, unattached, uninterrupted, and so on), read almost like a definition by negation: what this practice requires is not a set of things to acquire, but a set of limitations to be free of. The chapter ahead will take each of the ten practices in turn.

Part 129 Complete

This closes Part 129. Chapter 21 continues in Part 130 with the first practice, the practice of joy.