Part 130 of the collection · Fascicle 19 of 80 · 十行品第二十一(續) · T279

Until Not One Living Being Is Left Unsatisfied

The first of the ten practices, joy, begins with a bodhisattva born deliberately into poverty-stricken lands as an immensely wealthy giver — and when even that wealth cannot meet the need, offers the flesh of their own body, greeting each new beggar not with dread but with deepening gratitude.

Translator: Ru-Yi Meditation Center Status: Part 130 — the practice of joy begins Source: Taishō T279 (Śikṣānanda, Tang, 695–699 CE)

The First Practice: Joy

Chinese Source

「佛子!何等為菩薩摩訶薩歡喜行?佛子!此菩薩為大施主,凡所有物悉能惠施;其心平等,無有悔吝,不望果報,不求名稱,不貪利養;但為救護一切眾生,攝受一切眾生,饒益一切眾生;為學習諸佛本所修行,憶念諸佛本所修行,愛樂諸佛本所修行,清淨諸佛本所修行,增長諸佛本所修行,住持諸佛本所修行,顯現諸佛本所修行,演說諸佛本所修行,令諸眾生離苦得樂。

Ru-Yi Translation

"Son of the Buddha! What is a bodhisattva-mahāsattva's own practice of joy? Son of the Buddha, this bodhisattva becomes a great giver, able to give away everything they possess entirely; their mind is equal, without any regret or reluctance, hoping for no recompense, seeking no renown, coveting no gain; they do this only to save and protect every living being, to gather in every living being, and to benefit every living being; to study what every buddha originally cultivated and practiced, to hold in mind what every buddha originally cultivated and practiced, to delight in and cherish what every buddha originally cultivated and practiced, to purify what every buddha originally cultivated and practiced, to increase what every buddha originally cultivated and practiced, to uphold and sustain what every buddha originally cultivated and practiced, to manifest what every buddha originally cultivated and practiced, and to expound what every buddha originally cultivated and practiced, causing living beings to leave suffering behind and attain happiness.

Chinese Source

佛子!菩薩摩訶薩修此行時,令一切眾生歡喜愛樂;隨諸方土有貧乏處,以願力故,往生於彼,豪貴大富,財寶無盡。假使於念念中,有無量無數眾生詣菩薩所,白言:『仁者!我等貧乏,靡所資贍,飢羸困苦,命將不全。唯願慈哀,施我身肉,令我得食,以活其命!』爾時,菩薩即便施之,令其歡喜,心得滿足。

Ru-Yi Translation

Son of the Buddha, when a bodhisattva-mahāsattva cultivates this practice, they cause every living being to become joyful and delighted; wherever, throughout every land and region, there is a place of poverty and want, through the power of their own vow, they go and are born there, becoming noble, exalted, and immensely wealthy, their treasures inexhaustible. Suppose that, moment after moment, immeasurable, countless living beings were to come to that bodhisattva's own place and say to them: 'Kind one! We are destitute and impoverished, with nothing at all to sustain us; starving, weak, and afflicted, our very lives are about to fail. We beg only that you, out of compassion and pity, give us the flesh of your own body, so that we may obtain food, and preserve our lives!' At that time, the bodhisattva at once gives it to them, causing them to become joyful, their heart fully satisfied.

Chinese Source

如是無量百千眾生而來乞求,菩薩於彼,曾無退怯,但更增長慈悲之心。以是眾生咸來乞求,菩薩見之,倍復歡喜,作如是念:『我得善利!此等眾生是我福田、是我善友,不求不請而來教我入佛法中。我今應當如是修學,不違一切眾生之心。』

Ru-Yi Translation

Though immeasurable hundreds of thousands of living beings come in this way to beg of them, the bodhisattva, toward them, never once retreats or falters, but only further increases their own mind of loving-kindness and compassion. Because these living beings all come to beg of them, the bodhisattva, upon seeing them, becomes doubly joyful, and reflects in this way: 'I have obtained a wholesome benefit! These living beings are my very field of merit, my very good friends, who, without my seeking or requesting it, have come to teach me to enter into the buddha-dharma. I should now cultivate and study in just this way, never going against the heart of any living being at all.'

Chinese Source

又作是念:『願我已作、現作、當作所有善根,令我未來於一切世界、一切眾生中受廣大身,以是身肉,充足一切飢苦眾生。乃至若有一小眾生未得飽足,願不捨命,所割身肉,亦無有盡。以此善根,願得阿耨多羅三藐三菩提,證大涅槃;願諸眾生食我肉者,亦得阿耨多羅三藐三菩提,獲平等智,具諸佛法,廣作佛事,乃至入於無餘涅槃。若一眾生心不滿足,我終不證阿耨多羅三藐三菩提。』

Ru-Yi Translation

They further reflect: 'I vow that every wholesome root I have already produced, am now producing, and shall come to produce, will cause me, in every world to come, among every living being, to receive a vast and expansive body, and, with the flesh of that body, to fully satisfy every being suffering from hunger. And even should there be but a single small living being not yet fully satisfied, I vow never to give up my life, and the flesh cut from my body will likewise never be exhausted. Through this wholesome root, I vow to attain unsurpassed, perfect, complete awakening, and to realize the great nirvāṇa; and I vow that every living being who eats of my flesh will likewise attain unsurpassed, perfect, complete awakening, obtaining the wisdom of equality, being fully endowed with every buddha-dharma, broadly performing the Buddha's own work, and entering, in the end, into nirvāṇa without remainder. If there is even a single living being whose heart is not yet satisfied, I shall never, in the end, attain unsurpassed, perfect, complete awakening.'

Reading note — Ru-Yi Meditation Center

This is one of the most vivid and demanding passages in the sūtra so far — the practice of "joy" turns out to mean literal self-giving to the point of bodily sacrifice, and the bodhisattva's own reaction to each new beggar is gratitude rather than dread, since each one is described as a "field of merit" and "good friend" arriving unasked to teach them how to practice. The vow that closes this section anticipates the sūtra's own bodhisattva-vow tradition that will recur in later chapters: a refusal of final awakening until every single being, without exception, is satisfied.

Part 130 Complete

This closes Part 130. Chapter 21 continues in Part 131 with the bodhisattva's contemplation that dissolves all notion of a self who gives.