The Four Noble Truths Complete, Fascicle Twelve Complete
Mañjuśrī names the Four Noble Truths in four more worlds — Scant and Few, Joy, the Gate-Bolt, and Resounding Voice — before closing the chapter with the same gesture that closed "The Names of the Tathāgata": this entire structure, repeated across ten worlds here, is declared to hold without exception throughout every world of the ten directions, without number and without end.
Four More Worlds
「諸佛子!此娑婆世界所言苦聖諦者,彼鮮少世界中,或名:險樂欲,或名:繫縛處,或名:邪行,或名:隨受,或名:無慚恥,或名:貪欲根,或名:恒河流,或名:常破壞,或名:炬火性,或名:多憂惱。諸佛子!所言苦集聖諦者,彼鮮少世界中,或名:廣地,或名:能趣,或名:遠慧,或名:留難,或名:恐怖,或名:放逸,或名:攝取,或名:著處,或名:宅主,或名:連縛。諸佛子!所言苦滅聖諦者,彼鮮少世界中,或名:充滿,或名:不死,或名:無我,或名:無自性,或名:分別盡,或名:安樂住,或名:無限量,或名:斷流轉,或名:絕行處,或名:不二。諸佛子!所言苦滅道聖諦者,彼鮮少世界中,或名:大光明,或名:演說海,或名:揀擇義,或名:和合法,或名:離取著,或名:斷相續,或名:廣大路,或名:平等因,或名:淨方便,或名:最勝見。諸佛子!鮮少世界說四聖諦,有如是等四百億十千名;隨眾生心,悉令調伏。」
"Buddha's children! What is called, in this Sahā world, the Noble Truth of Suffering — within that Scant and Few world, it is variously named: Perilous Delight and Desire, or named the Place of Bondage, or named Wayward Conduct, or named Following Sensation, or named Without Shame or Modesty, or named the Root of Desire, or named the Flowing River Ganges, or named Forever Breaking and Destroying, or named the Nature of the Torch-Fire, or named Much Sorrow and Affliction. Buddha's children! What is called the Noble Truth of Suffering's Origin — within that Scant and Few world, it is variously named: the Vast Ground, or named Able to Hasten Toward, or named Distant Wisdom, or named Lingering Difficulty, or named Terror, or named Heedlessness, or named Gathering In, or named the Place of Attachment, or named the Master of the Dwelling, or named Chained Bondage. Buddha's children! What is called the Noble Truth of Suffering's Cessation — within that Scant and Few world, it is variously named: Fullness, or named Deathlessness, or named No-Self, or named Without Any Fixed Nature, or named the Exhaustion of Discrimination, or named Abiding in Peace and Bliss, or named Without Limit or Measure, or named Severing Transmigration, or named the Place Where Conduct Ends, or named Non-Duality. Buddha's children! What is called the Noble Truth of the Path to Suffering's Cessation — within that Scant and Few world, it is variously named: Great Light, or named the Ocean of Proclamation, or named the Meaning of Discernment, or named the Dharma of Harmony, or named Free of Grasping and Attachment, or named Severing Continuity, or named the Vast Path, or named the Equal Cause, or named Pure Skillful Means, or named the Supreme Vision. Buddha's children! The Scant and Few world's teaching of the Four Noble Truths has such names as these, four hundred million and ten thousand of them; according to the mind of every living being, it causes them all to be tamed."
「諸佛子!此娑婆世界所言苦聖諦者,彼歡喜世界中,或名:流轉,或名:出生,或名:失利,或名:染著,或名:重擔,或名:差別,或名:內險,或名:集會,或名:惡舍宅,或名:苦惱性。諸佛子!所言苦集聖諦者,彼歡喜世界中,或名:地,或名:方便,或名:非時,或名:非實法,或名:無底,或名:攝取,或名:離戒,或名:煩惱法,或名:狹劣見,或名:垢聚。諸佛子!所言苦滅聖諦者,彼歡喜世界中,或名:破依止,或名:不放逸,或名:真實,或名:平等,或名:善淨,或名:無病,或名:無曲,或名:無相,或名:自在,或名:無生。諸佛子!所言苦滅道聖諦者,彼歡喜世界中,或名:入勝界,或名:斷集,或名:超等類,或名:廣大性,或名:分別盡,或名:神力道,或名:眾方便,或名:正念行,或名:常寂路,或名:攝解脫。諸佛子!歡喜世界說四聖諦,有如是等四百億十千名;隨眾生心,悉令調伏。」
"Buddha's children! What is called, in this Sahā world, the Noble Truth of Suffering — within that Joy world, it is variously named: Transmigration, or named Birth, or named Loss of Benefit, or named Defiled Attachment, or named the Heavy Burden, or named Distinction, or named Inner Peril, or named Gathering and Assembly, or named the Evil Dwelling, or named the Nature of Suffering and Affliction. Buddha's children! What is called the Noble Truth of Suffering's Origin — within that Joy world, it is variously named: the Ground, or named Skillful Means, or named Untimeliness, or named Not the True Dharma, or named Bottomlessness, or named Gathering In, or named Departing from the Precepts, or named the Dharma of Affliction, or named Narrow, Inferior View, or named the Gathering of Defilement. Buddha's children! What is called the Noble Truth of Suffering's Cessation — within that Joy world, it is variously named: Breaking Every Reliance, or named Freedom from Heedlessness, or named Truth, or named Equality, or named Excellent Purity, or named Without Sickness, or named Without Any Crookedness, or named Marklessness, or named Sovereign Mastery, or named Non-Arising. Buddha's children! What is called the Noble Truth of the Path to Suffering's Cessation — within that Joy world, it is variously named: Entering the Supreme Realm, or named Severing the Origin, or named Transcending Every Kind, or named Vast Nature, or named the Exhaustion of Discrimination, or named the Path of Spiritual Power, or named Every Skillful Means, or named the Conduct of Right Mindfulness, or named the Forever Tranquil Path, or named Gathering In Liberation. Buddha's children! The Joy world's teaching of the Four Noble Truths has such names as these, four hundred million and ten thousand of them; according to the mind of every living being, it causes them all to be tamed."
「諸佛子!此娑婆世界所言苦聖諦者,彼關𨷲世界中,或名:敗壞相,或名:如坏器,或名:我所成,或名:諸趣身,或名:數流轉,或名:眾惡門,或名:性苦,或名:可棄捨,或名:無味,或名:來去。諸佛子!所言苦集聖諦者,彼關𨷲世界中,或名:行,或名:憤毒,或名:和合,或名:受支,或名:我心,或名:雜毒,或名:虛稱,或名:乖違,或名:熱惱,或名:驚駭。諸佛子!所言苦滅聖諦者,彼關𨷲世界中,或名:無積集,或名:不可得,或名:妙藥,或名:不可壞,或名:無著,或名:無量,或名:廣大,或名:覺分,或名:離染,或名:無障礙。諸佛子!所言苦滅道聖諦者,彼關𨷲世界中,或名:安隱行,或名:離欲,或名:究竟實,或名:入義,或名:性究竟,或名:淨現,或名:攝念,或名:趣解脫,或名:救濟,或名:勝行。諸佛子!關𨷲世界說四聖諦,有如是等四百億十千名;隨眾生心,悉令調伏。」
"Buddha's children! What is called, in this Sahā world, the Noble Truth of Suffering — within that Gate-Bolt world, it is variously named: the Mark of Ruin, or named Like an Unfired Vessel, or named Formed by the Self, or named the Body of Every Destiny, or named Numberless Transmigration, or named the Gateway of Every Evil, or named the Nature of Suffering, or named Worthy of Being Discarded, or named Without Any Flavor, or named Coming and Going. Buddha's children! What is called the Noble Truth of Suffering's Origin — within that Gate-Bolt world, it is variously named: Conduct, or named Wrathful Poison, or named Harmony and Union, or named Receiving the Limb, or named the Mind of Self, or named Mingled Poison, or named Empty Claim, or named Discord, or named Feverish Affliction, or named Alarm and Terror. Buddha's children! What is called the Noble Truth of Suffering's Cessation — within that Gate-Bolt world, it is variously named: Without Any Accumulation, or named Unable to Be Grasped, or named the Wondrous Medicine, or named Unable to Be Destroyed, or named Without Attachment, or named Immeasurability, or named Vastness, or named the Factor of Awakening, or named Free of Defilement, or named Without Any Obstruction. Buddha's children! What is called the Noble Truth of the Path to Suffering's Cessation — within that Gate-Bolt world, it is variously named: the Conduct of Peace and Security, or named Free of Desire, or named the Ultimate Truth, or named Entering the Meaning, or named the Ultimate Nature, or named Pure Manifestation, or named Gathering Mindfulness, or named Hastening Toward Liberation, or named Rescue and Salvation, or named Supreme Conduct. Buddha's children! The Gate-Bolt world's teaching of the Four Noble Truths has such names as these, four hundred million and ten thousand of them; according to the mind of every living being, it causes them all to be tamed."
「諸佛子;此娑婆世界所言苦聖諦者,彼振音世界中,或名:匿疵,或名:世間,或名:所依,或名:傲慢,或名:染著性,或名:駛流,或名:不可樂,或名:覆藏,或名:速滅,或名:難調。諸佛子!所言苦集聖諦者,彼振音世界中,或名:須制伏,或名:心趣,或名:能縛,或名:隨念起,或名:至後邊,或名:共和合,或名:分別,或名:門,或名:飄動,或名:隱覆。諸佛子!所言苦滅聖諦者,彼振音世界中,或名:無依處,或名:不可取,或名:轉還,或名:離諍,或名:小,或名:大,或名:善淨,或名:無盡,或名:廣博,或名:無等價。諸佛子!所言苦滅道聖諦者,彼振音世界中,或名:觀察,或名:能摧敵,或名:了知印,或名:能入性,或名:難敵對,或名:無限義,或名:能入智,或名:和合道,或名:恒不動,或名:殊勝義。諸佛子!振音世界說四聖諦,有如是等四百億十千名;隨眾生心,悉令調伏。」
"Buddha's children! What is called, in this Sahā world, the Noble Truth of Suffering — within that Resounding Voice world, it is variously named: Hidden Flaw, or named the World, or named That Upon Which One Relies, or named Arrogance and Conceit, or named the Nature of Defiled Attachment, or named the Swift Current, or named Not Worthy of Delight, or named Concealment, or named Swift Extinction, or named Hard to Tame. Buddha's children! What is called the Noble Truth of Suffering's Origin — within that Resounding Voice world, it is variously named: Requiring Subjugation, or named the Mind's Own Destination, or named Able to Bind, or named Arising According to Thought, or named Reaching the Final Bound, or named Mutual Harmony and Union, or named Discrimination, or named the Gateway, or named Fluttering Motion, or named Hidden Concealment. Buddha's children! What is called the Noble Truth of Suffering's Cessation — within that Resounding Voice world, it is variously named: Without Any Place of Reliance, or named Unable to Be Grasped, or named Turning and Returning, or named Free of Contention, or named the Small, or named the Great, or named Excellent Purity, or named Without Exhaustion, or named Vastness and Breadth, or named Without Equal Value. Buddha's children! What is called the Noble Truth of the Path to Suffering's Cessation — within that Resounding Voice world, it is variously named: Contemplation, or named Able to Subdue the Enemy, or named the Seal of Thorough Understanding, or named Able to Enter Nature, or named Hard to Oppose, or named Boundless Meaning, or named Able to Enter Wisdom, or named the Path of Harmony, or named Forever Unmoving, or named Excellent, Supreme Meaning. Buddha's children! The Resounding Voice world's teaching of the Four Noble Truths has such names as these, four hundred million and ten thousand of them; according to the mind of every living being, it causes them all to be tamed."
Without End, Throughout the Ten Directions
「諸佛子!如此娑婆世界中,說四聖諦,有四百億十千名。如是,東方百千億無數無量、無邊無等、不可數、不可稱、不可思、不可量、不可說,盡法界、虛空界、所有世界,彼一一世界中,說四聖諦,亦各有四百億十千名;隨眾生心,悉令調伏。如東方,南、西、北方,四維、上、下,亦復如是。諸佛子!如娑婆世界,有如上所說;十方世界,彼一切世界亦各有如是。十方世界,一一世界中,說苦聖諦有百億萬種名,說集聖諦、滅聖諦、道聖諦亦各有百億萬種名;皆隨眾生心之所樂,令其調伏。」
"Buddha's children! Just as, within this Sahā world, the teaching of the Four Noble Truths has four hundred million and ten thousand names — so too, to the east, throughout hundreds of thousands of millions, countless, immeasurable, boundless, unequaled, uncountable, inexpressible, inconceivable, immeasurable, ineffable worlds that exist throughout the whole extent of the Dharma-realm and the realm of empty space, within each and every one of those worlds, the teaching of the Four Noble Truths likewise each has four hundred million and ten thousand names; according to the mind of every living being, it causes them all to be tamed. And it is likewise so to the south, west, and north, in the four intermediate directions, and above and below, just as to the east. Buddha's children! Just as this Sahā world has what has been stated above, so too every world of the ten directions likewise each has just the same. Within every world of the ten directions, each and every world, the teaching of the Noble Truth of Suffering has a hundred thousand million kinds of names, and the teaching of the Noble Truth of Suffering's Origin, the Noble Truth of Suffering's Cessation, and the Noble Truth of the Path likewise each has a hundred thousand million kinds of names; all according to what is in the mind and delight of every living being, causing them to be tamed."
Chapters seven and eight now stand as a matched pair: both open with the same assembly, both proceed through the same sequence of worlds, and both close on the identical rhetorical move — take everything just enumerated, however vast, and multiply it by every world in the Dharma-realm without limit. Fazang's commentary reads the pairing as deliberate: a name for the teacher (chapter seven) and a name for what the teacher taught (chapter eight) are treated as structurally the same kind of thing — both infinitely various in expression, both, the text implies, pointing at something that does not itself vary. Fascicle twelve closes here, with two full chapters spent establishing that even the most basic vocabulary of the Buddhist path — who the Buddha is, what suffering is — was never meant to be fixed in any single language to begin with.
Part 38 Complete — Fascicle Twelve Complete
This closes Part 38 and fascicle twelve: the sūtra's seventh chapter, "The Names of the Tathāgata" (如來名號品第七), and eighth chapter, "The Four Noble Truths" (四聖諦品第八), both complete — the second assembly's opening at the Hall of Universal Light, the arrival of Mañjuśrī and nine companion bodhisattvas, and two full teachings on how thoroughly a single truth can be renamed without ceasing to be itself, repeated across worlds within worlds until the pattern is declared to hold throughout the whole Dharma-realm. Fascicle thirteen continues this same assembly with the sūtra's ninth chapter.