Sunlight Makes No Distinctions
How can a concentration that is uniform throughout produce knowledge of endlessly particular things? Because sunrise is one thing and shows a village, a palace, a marsh, a bird and an orchard to whoever has eyes. Then ten ways in which such a person is not encountered in vain.
Knowing the Ineffable in Particulars
Eleven skillful knowings, every one of them qualified by 不可說不可說 — and what is known is not principles but people, their karma, their habits, their words and their ways of thinking.
「佛子！菩薩摩訶薩住此三昧已，善巧住不可說不可說劫，善巧住不可說不可說剎，善巧知不可說不可說種種眾生，善巧知不可說不可說眾生異相，善巧知不可說不可說同異業報，善巧知不可說不可說精進、諸根習氣、相續差別諸行，善巧知不可說不可說無量染淨種種思惟，善巧知不可說不可說法種種義、無量文字、演說言辭，善巧知不可說不可說種種佛出現、種族、時節、現相、說法、施為佛事、入般涅槃，善巧知不可說不可說無邊智慧門，善巧知不可說不可說一切神通無量變現。
"Child of the Buddha! A bodhisattva mahāsattva who abides in this samādhi abides skilfully through ineffably ineffable kalpas; abides skilfully in ineffably ineffable lands; knows skilfully the ineffably ineffable kinds of beings; knows skilfully the ineffably ineffable differences among beings; knows skilfully the ineffably ineffable recompenses of karma, whether alike or unlike; knows skilfully the ineffably ineffable diligence, the habitual tendencies of the faculties, and the differences in the practices that continue on; knows skilfully the ineffably ineffable measureless kinds of thinking, defiled and pure; knows skilfully the ineffably ineffable meanings of dharmas, their measureless letters and their expounding in speech; knows skilfully the ineffably ineffable kinds of buddhas' appearing, their families, the seasons of their coming, the marks they display, their expounding of the Dharma, their performing of the buddhas' work and their entering parinirvāṇa; knows skilfully ineffably ineffable boundless gateways of wisdom; and knows skilfully the ineffably ineffable measureless transformations of every spiritual penetration.
佛子！譬如日出，世間所有村營、城邑、宮殿、屋宅、山澤、鳥獸、樹林、華果，如是一切種種諸物，有目之人悉得明見。佛子！日光平等，無有分別，而能令目見種種相；此大三昧亦復如是，體性平等，無有分別，能令菩薩知不可說不可說百千億那由他差別之相。
Child of the Buddha! It is like the sun rising: all the hamlets and camps, cities and towns, palaces and dwellings, mountains and marshes, birds and beasts, groves and trees, flowers and fruits there are in the world — all such things of every kind, anyone with eyes can see them clearly. Child of the Buddha! The sunlight is even and makes no discrimination, and yet it enables the eye to see every kind of appearance. This great samādhi is likewise: its essential nature is even and makes no discrimination, and yet it enables the bodhisattva to know ineffably ineffable hundreds of thousands of koṭis of nayutas of differentiated appearances.
日光平等，無有分別，而能令目見種種相 — the sunlight is even and makes no discrimination, and yet it enables the eye to see every kind of appearance. The discriminating is done by the eye, not the light. It is the cleanest answer the chapter gives to the question of how a state described as uniform can produce knowledge of particulars, and it puts the particulars where they belong: in what is illuminated and in whoever is looking.
Ten Things Not in Vain
Seeing, hearing, living alongside, drawing near — the list is of ordinary contacts with such a person, and each is said to accomplish something in whoever makes it.
佛子！此菩薩摩訶薩如是了知時，令諸眾生得十種不空。何等為十？一者見不空，令諸眾生生善根故；二者聞不空，令諸眾生得成熟故；三者同住不空，令諸眾生心調伏故；四者發起不空，令諸眾生如言而作，通達一切諸法義故；五者行不空，令無邊世界皆清淨故。
Child of the Buddha! When this bodhisattva mahāsattva knows in this way, they cause beings to obtain ten kinds of not-in-vain. What are the ten? First, seeing them is not in vain, for it causes beings to give rise to wholesome roots. Second, hearing them is not in vain, for it causes beings to be ripened. Third, dwelling together with them is not in vain, for it causes beings' minds to be tamed. Fourth, their rousing others is not in vain, for it causes beings to act as they have been told and to penetrate the meaning of all dharmas. Fifth, their conduct is not in vain, for it causes boundless worlds to be purified.
六者親近不空，於不可說不可說佛剎諸如來所，斷不可說不可說眾生疑故；七者願不空，隨所念眾生，令作勝供養，成就諸願故；八者善巧法不空，皆令得住無礙解脫清淨智故；九者雨法雨不空，於不可說不可說諸根眾生中，方便開示一切智行令住佛道故；十者出現不空，現無邊相，令一切眾生皆蒙照故。
Sixth, drawing near to them is not in vain, for in the presence of the Tathāgatas in ineffably many buddha-lands they cut off the doubts of ineffably many beings. Seventh, their vows are not in vain, for according to the beings they call to mind they cause them to make surpassing offerings and to fulfil their vows. Eighth, their skillful teaching is not in vain, for it causes all to abide in the pure wisdom of unobstructed liberation. Ninth, their raining down the Dharma-rain is not in vain, for among beings of ineffably many kinds of faculty they skilfully reveal the practice of all-knowing wisdom and establish them on the buddha-path. Tenth, their appearing is not in vain, for they manifest boundless forms and cause all beings to be illumined.
同住不空 — dwelling together with them is not in vain. Among ten items about seeing, hearing and teaching, this one is about ordinary proximity over time — sharing a residence. What it accomplishes is the taming of minds, which is what living close to someone actually does or fails to do.
不空 is the plainest possible term: not empty, not for nothing, not wasted. Part 493 promised that anything at all done toward Samantabhadra was 無空過者. The same word returns here, now describing what other people get from a bodhisattva rather than what a seeker gets from him.
Part 507 Complete
This continues chapter twenty-seven, 十定品, The Ten Concentrations, in fascicle forty-one. Part 508 completes the sixth samādhi with the homage of the deva kings, nāga kings, yakṣas, asuras, garuḍas and the Brahmās who come to entreat; and then opens the seventh, in which a bodhisattva enters the worlds of each direction in order and sees the buddhas appearing there — their powers, their lion's roar, their practices, their adornments.