Part 561 of the collection · Fascicle 44 of 80 · 十忍品第二十九 · T279 · Prose complete

Chapter 29 Concludes

Four more space-comparisons close out the tenth acceptance's own argument, and then a single reason — everything the bodhisattva does is like space — opens onto twenty distinct bodies he attains, each one earned by a different quality space itself has.

Translator: Ru-Yi Meditation Center Status: Part 561 — chapter 29 prose complete Source: Taishō T279 (Śikṣānanda, Tang, 695–699 CE)

Four More Comparisons, and Why

The pattern from Part 560 continues for four more pairs, and then the passage finally names the single reason behind all ten acceptances the sūtra has offered so far.

Chinese Source

譬如虛空,非久、非近,而能久住,現一切物;菩薩摩訶薩亦復如是,非久、非近,而能久住,顯示菩薩所行諸行。譬如虛空,非淨、非穢,不離淨、穢;菩薩摩訶薩亦復如是,非障、非無障,不離障、無障。譬如虛空,一切世間皆現其前,非現一切世間之前;菩薩摩訶薩亦復如是,一切諸法皆現其前,非現一切諸法之前。譬如虛空,普入一切,而無邊際;菩薩摩訶薩亦復如是,普入諸法,而菩薩心無有邊際。

Ru-Yi Translation

It is like space, which is neither long-lasting nor near-at-hand, yet abides for long and manifests every object; the bodhisattva-mahāsattva is likewise: neither long-lasting nor near-at-hand, he abides for long and reveals every bodhisattva conduct. It is like space, which is neither pure nor defiled, yet not apart from purity and defilement; the bodhisattva-mahāsattva is likewise: neither obstructed nor unobstructed, yet not apart from obstruction and its absence. It is like space, before which every world appears, yet it does not appear before every world; the bodhisattva-mahāsattva is likewise: before him every dharma appears, yet he does not appear before every dharma. It is like space, which universally enters everything, yet is without limit; the bodhisattva-mahāsattva is likewise: universally entering all dharmas, yet the bodhisattva's mind is without limit.

Chinese Source

何以故?菩薩所作如虛空故。謂所有修習、所有嚴淨、所有成就皆悉平等,一體、一味、一種,分量如虛空,清淨遍一切處。如是證知一切諸法,於一切法無有分別,嚴淨一切諸佛國土,圓滿一切無所依身,了一切方無有迷惑,具一切力不可摧壞,滿足一切無邊功德,已到一切甚深法處,通達一切波羅蜜道,普坐一切金剛之座,普發一切隨類之音,為一切世間轉於法輪未曾失時。是名:菩薩摩訶薩第十如空忍。

Ru-Yi Translation

Why is this so? Because everything the bodhisattva does is like space — namely, all his cultivation, all his adornment and purification, all his accomplishments are entirely equal, of a single essence, a single flavor, a single kind, in measure like space, pure and pervading every place. Thus realizing and knowing all dharmas without any discrimination among them, he adorns and purifies every buddha-land, perfects every body that relies on nothing, fully comprehends every direction without confusion, is endowed with every power, indestructible, fulfills every boundless merit, has already reached every profound place of dharma, comprehends every path of the pāramitās, is universally seated on every vajra seat, universally emits every sound that follows each kind of being, and turns the Dharma-wheel for every world, never once missing the right time. This is called the bodhisattva-mahāsattva's tenth acceptance, the acceptance like space.

Reading note — Ru-Yi Meditation Center

一切世間皆現其前,非現一切世間之前 — every world appears before space, yet space does not appear before any world. Unlike most of the pairs in this run, which negate the same quality on both sides, this one is asymmetric: the relationship between space and world runs one direction only. Space hosts appearance; it is never itself what appears.

Twenty Bodies Like Space

The chapter's prose closes on its longest such list yet — twenty bodies, each attained for a different reason, each reason a different fact about space.

Chinese Source

菩薩摩訶薩成就此忍,得無來身,以無去故;得無生身,以無滅故;得無動身,以無壞故;得不實身,離虛妄故;得一相身,以無相故;得無量身,佛力無量故;得平等身,同如相故;得無差別身,等觀三世故;得至一切處身,淨眼等照無障礙故;得離欲際身,知一切法無合散故;

Ru-Yi Translation

The bodhisattva-mahāsattva, having accomplished this acceptance, attains a body of no coming, because there is no going; attains a body of no arising, because there is no ceasing; attains a body of no movement, because there is no destruction; attains a body that is not real, because it is free of falsehood; attains a body of a single mark, because it is without mark; attains a measureless body, because the buddha's power is measureless; attains an equal body, because it is the same as the mark of suchness; attains a body without distinction, because it observes the three times equally; attains a body that reaches every place, because the pure eye illuminates equally, without obstruction; and attains a body at the limit free of desire, because it knows all dharmas have no coming together or scattering apart.

Chinese Source

得虛空無邊際身,福德藏無盡如虛空故;得無斷無盡法性平等辯才身,知一切法相唯是一相,無性為性如虛空故;得無量無礙音聲身,無所障礙如虛空故;得具足一切善巧清淨菩薩行身,於一切處皆無障礙如虛空故;得一切佛法海次第相續身,不可斷絕如虛空故;得一切佛剎中現無量佛剎身,離諸貪著如虛空無邊故;得示現一切自在法無休息身,如虛空大海無邊際故;得一切不可壞堅固勢力身,如虛空任持一切世間故;得諸根明利如金剛堅固不可壞身,如虛空一切劫火不能燒故;得持一切世間力身,智慧力如虛空故。「佛子!是名菩薩摩訶薩十種忍。」

Ru-Yi Translation

Attains a body with the boundless limit of space, because its treasury of merit is inexhaustible like space; attains a body of uninterrupted, inexhaustible eloquence equal to the nature of dharma, because it knows that the mark of all dharmas is only a single mark, taking no-nature as its nature, like space; attains a body of measureless, unobstructed voice, because it is obstructed by nothing, like space; attains a body complete with every skillful and pure bodhisattva practice, because in every place it is unobstructed, like space; attains a body of the ocean of all buddha-dharmas continuing in sequence, because it cannot be severed, like space; attains a body that manifests measureless buddha-lands within every buddha-land, because it is free of every attachment, boundless like space; attains a body that displays every sovereign dharma without rest, like the great ocean of space, without limit; attains a body of every indestructible, firm power, because, like space, it sustains every world; attains a body whose faculties are bright and sharp, firm as vajra and indestructible, because, like space, it cannot be burned by the fires of any kalpa; and attains a body with the power to uphold every world, because its power of wisdom is like space. Sons of the Buddha! These are the bodhisattva-mahāsattva's ten kinds of acceptance.

Reading note — Ru-Yi Meditation Center

得無來身,以無去故…得持一切世間力身,智慧力如虛空故 — twenty bodies, twenty reasons, and no two reasons repeat. The list works systematically through what space actually does — it is boundless, inexhaustible, unobstructed, indestructible, unburnable — assigning each property its own attained body rather than letting one broad comparison stand in for the whole set. It is the longest anaphoric list the chapter has built, closing the tenfold acceptance on its largest scale.

Chapter 29 Prose Complete

This completes the prose portion of chapter twenty-nine, 十忍品, The Ten Kinds of Acceptance, in fascicle forty-four — begun in Part 555 with a mind unshaken by the sound of the dharma, and closing here on a bodhisattva's body compared to space in twenty different ways. Part 562 opens Samantabhadra's verse summary of all ten acceptances, spoken so that the same meaning already given in prose might be restated in song.