Part 691 of the collection · Fascicle 53 of 80 · 離世間品第三十八之一 · T279

Ten Dhāraṇīs, Ten Buddhas, and the Minds of Samantabhadra

Ten dhāraṇīs of retention give way to ten kinds of buddha — including a buddha of one's own mind and a buddha of samādhi, alongside the more familiar buddha of attained awakening — before the questions turn to the bodhisattva Samantabhadra's own name directly: ten minds bearing his name, and ten vows of practice that also bear it.

Translator: Ru-Yi Meditation Center Status: Part 691 — dhāraṇīs, ten buddhas, and Samantabhadra's own minds and vows Source: Taishō T279 (Śikṣānanda, Tang, 695–699 CE)

A Buddha of One's Own Mind

The list of ten buddhas quietly redraws where a buddha can be found — not only as the historical figure who attained perfect awakening, but as a buddha of vow, of karmic result, of the dharma-realm, and, most strikingly, a buddha of one's own mind and a buddha of samādhi — before the questions turn to Samantabhadra himself, naming ten minds and ten vows that carry his own name.

Chinese Source

「佛子!菩薩摩訶薩有十種陀羅尼。何等為十?所謂:聞持陀羅尼,持一切法不忘失故;修行陀羅尼,如實巧觀一切法故;思惟陀羅尼,了知一切諸法性故;法光明陀羅尼,照不思議諸佛法故;三昧陀羅尼,普於現在一切佛所聽聞正法心不亂故;圓音陀羅尼,解了不思議音聲語言故;三世陀羅尼,演說三世不可思議諸佛法故;種種辯才陀羅尼,演說無邊諸佛法故;出生無礙耳陀羅尼,不可說佛所說之法悉能聞故;一切佛法陀羅尼,安住如來力、無畏故。是為十。若諸菩薩欲得此法,當勤修學。「佛子!菩薩摩訶薩說十種佛。何等為十?所謂:成正覺佛;願佛;業報佛;住持佛;涅槃佛;法界佛;心佛;三昧佛;本性佛;隨樂佛。是為十。

Ru-Yi Translation

"Son of the Buddha! A bodhisattva-mahāsattva has ten kinds of dhāraṇī. What are these ten? Namely: the dhāraṇī of retaining what is heard, because it holds every dharma without ever forgetting it; the dhāraṇī of practice, because it skillfully observes every dharma exactly as it truly is; the dhāraṇī of reflection, because it fully understands the nature of every dharma; the dhāraṇī of dharma-light, because it illuminates every inconceivable dharma of the buddhas; the dhāraṇī of samādhi, because it listens to the true dharma before every present buddha universally, with a mind that is never disturbed; the dhāraṇī of the perfect voice, because it understands every inconceivable sound and language; the dhāraṇī of the three times, because it expounds the inconceivable dharma of every buddha across the three times; the dhāraṇī of every kind of eloquence, because it expounds the boundless dharma of every buddha; the dhāraṇī that gives rise to an unobstructed ear, because it is entirely able to hear the dharma spoken by unspeakably many buddhas; and the dhāraṇī of every buddha-dharma, because it abides in the tathāgata's own powers and fearlessnesses. These are the ten. If bodhisattvas wish to attain this dharma, they should diligently cultivate and study it. Son of the Buddha! A bodhisattva-mahāsattva speaks of ten kinds of buddha. What are these ten? Namely: the buddha of attained perfect awakening; the buddha of vow; the buddha of karmic result; the buddha of sustaining power; the buddha of nirvāṇa; the buddha of the dharma-realm; the buddha of mind; the buddha of samādhi; the buddha of original nature; and the buddha who accords with delight. These are the ten.

Chinese Source

「佛子!菩薩摩訶薩發十種普賢心。何等為十?所謂:發大慈心,救護一切眾生故;發大悲心,代一切眾生受苦故;發一切施心,悉捨所有故;發念一切智為首心,樂求一切佛法故;發功德莊嚴心,學一切菩薩行故;發如金剛心,一切處受生不忘失故;發如海心,一切白淨法悉流入故;發如大山王心,一切惡言皆忍受故;發安隱心,施一切眾生無怖畏故;發般若波羅蜜究竟心,巧觀一切法無所有故。是為十。若諸菩薩安住此心,疾得成就普賢善巧智。「佛子!菩薩摩訶薩有十種普賢行法。何等為十?所謂:願住未來一切劫普賢行法;願供養恭敬未來一切佛普賢行法;願安置一切眾生於普賢菩薩行普賢行法;願積集一切善根普賢行法;願入一切波羅蜜普賢行法;願滿足一切菩薩行普賢行法;願莊嚴一切世界普賢行法;願生一切佛剎普賢行法;願善觀察一切法普賢行法;願於一切佛國土成無上菩提普賢行法。是為十。若諸菩薩勤修此法,疾得滿足普賢行願。

Ru-Yi Translation

Son of the Buddha! A bodhisattva-mahāsattva gives rise to ten minds of Samantabhadra. What are these ten? Namely: giving rise to a mind of great loving-kindness, in order to rescue and protect every sentient being; giving rise to a mind of great compassion, in order to bear suffering on behalf of every sentient being; giving rise to a mind of universal generosity, in order to give up everything they possess entirely; giving rise to a mind that holds all-knowing wisdom foremost in its thoughts, in order to delight in seeking every dharma of the buddhas; giving rise to a mind adorned with merit, in order to learn every bodhisattva practice; giving rise to a mind like vajra, in order never to forget it no matter where they take birth; giving rise to a mind like the ocean, so that every pure, white dharma flows entirely into it; giving rise to a mind like the king of great mountains, in order to bear every harsh word with patience; giving rise to a mind of peace and stability, in order to give every sentient being freedom from fear; and giving rise to a mind of the ultimate pāramitā of wisdom, in order to skillfully observe that every dharma has nothing to it at all. These are the ten. If bodhisattvas abide in these minds, they swiftly attain and accomplish Samantabhadra's own skillful wisdom. Son of the Buddha! A bodhisattva-mahāsattva has ten practice-dharmas of Samantabhadra. What are these ten? Namely: the Samantabhadra practice-dharma of vowing to abide throughout every future kalpa; the Samantabhadra practice-dharma of vowing to make offerings to and revere every future buddha; the Samantabhadra practice-dharma of vowing to place every sentient being within the practice of the bodhisattva Samantabhadra; the Samantabhadra practice-dharma of vowing to accumulate every root of goodness; the Samantabhadra practice-dharma of vowing to enter every pāramitā; the Samantabhadra practice-dharma of vowing to fulfill every bodhisattva practice completely; the Samantabhadra practice-dharma of vowing to adorn every world; the Samantabhadra practice-dharma of vowing to be born in every buddha-land; the Samantabhadra practice-dharma of vowing to skillfully observe every dharma; and the Samantabhadra practice-dharma of vowing to attain unsurpassed awakening in every buddha-land. These are the ten. If bodhisattvas diligently cultivate this dharma, they swiftly and completely fulfill Samantabhadra's own practices and vows.

Reading note — Ru-Yi Meditation Center

心佛;三昧佛 — the buddha of mind; the buddha of samādhi. Set between the buddha of attained awakening and the buddha of karmic result, these two entries locate buddhahood somewhere no pilgrimage could ever reach — inside the practitioner's own mind and inside a state of concentration — quietly widening what "buddha" names in this list from a historical figure with a biography to something closer to a mode of experience available in the present moment.

Part 691 Complete

This continues chapter thirty-eight, 離世間品, in fascicle fifty-three. Part 692 answers the next question with ten ways a bodhisattva observes sentient beings and gives rise to great compassion — beginning with those who have no refuge and no protector at all.